| Structure Bookmarks |
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| Document |
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| Figure |
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| Figure |
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| Behind the Scenes: |
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| Behind the Scenes: |
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| Behind the Scenes: |
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| Black United Front Nude Dancing 3 Mile Island |
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| Black United Front Nude Dancing 3 Mile Island |
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| The Last Salmon |
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| The Last Salmon |
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| and much much more ... |
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| and much much more ... |
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| Figure |
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| Edited by: Joel Weinstein, Joe Uris and Lenny Dee |
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| Edited by: Joel Weinstein, Joe Uris and Lenny Dee |
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| Ad Sales by: David Milholland Cover Art by: Isaac Shamud-Din Logo by: DeJohnette |
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| Ad Sales by: David Milholland Cover Art by: Isaac Shamud-Din Logo by: DeJohnette |
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| THE KOH |
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| THE KOH |
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| CLINTON ST |
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| CLINTON ST |
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| QUARTERLY |
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| QUARTERLY |
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| Contributing Artists: Sharon Torvik, Isaac Shamud-Din, Steve Sandstrom, Henk Pander, Jerry Harley, Bill Dodge, DeJohnette, Barry Curtis, and David Barrios |
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| Contributing Artists: Sharon Torvik, Isaac Shamud-Din, Steve Sandstrom, Henk Pander, Jerry Harley, Bill Dodge, DeJohnette, Barry Curtis, and David Barrios |
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| Cadillac-Fairview Fight is On |
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| Cadillac-Fairview Fight is On |
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| An Oregon Journal poll has con­firmed what the Clinton St. Quarterly reported last issue: most Portlanders do not like, or want, the proposed Cadillac-Fairview Development which has been proposed for Downtown. |
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| An Oregon Journal poll has con­firmed what the Clinton St. Quarterly reported last issue: most Portlanders do not like, or want, the proposed Cadillac-Fairview Development which has been proposed for Downtown. |
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| Journal readers voted by a 198-60 margin that the proposal was bad for |
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| Journal readers voted by a 198-60 margin that the proposal was bad for |
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| Portland. They voted 222-36 dis­approval of using the city’s condemna­tion power to acquire land for the project. Portlanders opposed the “sky- bridge" concept of linking together blocks within the project, by a 201-49 margin. Finally, by an overwhelming |
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| Portland. They voted 222-36 dis­approval of using the city’s condemna­tion power to acquire land for the project. Portlanders opposed the “sky- bridge" concept of linking together blocks within the project, by a 201-49 margin. Finally, by an overwhelming |
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| Vol. 1, No. 3 |
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| Vol. 1, No. 3 |
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| Fall 1979 |
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| Fall 1979 |
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| 222-31 vote, people objected to using city money to subsidize the develop­ment. |
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| 222-31 vote, people objected to using city money to subsidize the develop­ment. |
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| Responses were highly emotional, as they usually are when you talk of destroying a large part of a people’s culture and history. |
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| Responses were highly emotional, as they usually are when you talk of destroying a large part of a people’s culture and history. |
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| “Tell Cadillac-Fairview Corp. Ltd. |
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| “Tell Cadillac-Fairview Corp. Ltd. |
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| to tear down buildings in Canada.” “Subsidies should be for low-income people and should be for the public good, not to help a multinational |
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| to tear down buildings in Canada.” “Subsidies should be for low-income people and should be for the public good, not to help a multinational |
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| Figure |
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| Clinton St. Quarterly is published free to the public by Clinton St. Center for the Arts, Inc., 2522 S.E. Clinton St. Portland, OR 97202. © 1979 Clinton St. Quarterly. |
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| Clinton St. Quarterly is published free to the public by Clinton St. Center for the Arts, Inc., 2522 S.E. Clinton St. Portland, OR 97202. © 1979 Clinton St. Quarterly. |
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| Clinton St. Quarterly is published free to the public by Clinton St. Center for the Arts, Inc., 2522 S.E. Clinton St. Portland, OR 97202. © 1979 Clinton St. Quarterly. |
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| corporation enlarge its fortune.” |
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| corporation enlarge its fortune.” |
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| “Small business and not big busi­ness; local, not foreign.” |
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| “Small business and not big busi­ness; local, not foreign.” |
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| However, the fight still rages, as the city council is not yet convinced that this project isn’t in the best interests of Portland. While the Cadillac- Fairview proposal has been on the |
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| However, the fight still rages, as the city council is not yet convinced that this project isn’t in the best interests of Portland. While the Cadillac- Fairview proposal has been on the |
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| back burner as the city council busied itself with selecting a new mayor, the project is expected to come up for a vote in council sometime in the next |
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| back burner as the city council busied itself with selecting a new mayor, the project is expected to come up for a vote in council sometime in the next |
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| month. |
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| month. |
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| Now is the time to express your op­position to the idea. Remember, the Cad-Fair developers have been hard at work lobbying the council. If you are in opposition to this plan, call up all of the city council members and tell them so. Or, attend the anti-Cadillac |
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| Now is the time to express your op­position to the idea. Remember, the Cad-Fair developers have been hard at work lobbying the council. If you are in opposition to this plan, call up all of the city council members and tell them so. Or, attend the anti-Cadillac |
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| meetings on Thursday nights at the First Congregational Church, 1126 SW Park (enter Madison St.) at 7:30 p.m. If you would like further infor­mation or wish to join SOLD (Save Our Liveable Downtown), call 284- 4810. |
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| meetings on Thursday nights at the First Congregational Church, 1126 SW Park (enter Madison St.) at 7:30 p.m. If you would like further infor­mation or wish to join SOLD (Save Our Liveable Downtown), call 284- 4810. |
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| Sunday at the Bagel Ladies |
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| Sunday at the Bagel Ladies |
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| Figure |
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| Cinnamon-raisin bagels (and all our other varieties) baked fresh Sunday Morning for a great take-home brunch. |
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| Cinnamon-raisin bagels (and all our other varieties) baked fresh Sunday Morning for a great take-home brunch. |
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| Cinnamon-raisin bagels (and all our other varieties) baked fresh Sunday Morning for a great take-home brunch. |
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| Figure |
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| «’»N.E. FREMONT • PORTLAND • 282-8627 • OPEN TUES.-SUN. |
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| «’»N.E. FREMONT • PORTLAND • 282-8627 • OPEN TUES.-SUN. |
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| Div |
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| Figure |
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| Figure |
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| HARD NEWS |
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| HARD NEWS |
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| The Golden Fleece, or Why Taxes Are So High |
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| The Golden Fleece, or Why Taxes Are So High |
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| CaU Girl |
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| CaU Girl |
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| Date Book |
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| Date Book |
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| Fingers VIP’s |
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| Fingers VIP’s |
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| Headlines of both major Portland daily papers in June were filled with reports of alleged mishandling of vice investigations by the Portland Police Department. D.A. Hari Haas accused the police of improper conduct. Officers apparently had sexual rela­tions with a key prosecution witness. The witness was loaned $200 by the head of the vice squad. |
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| Headlines of both major Portland daily papers in June were filled with reports of alleged mishandling of vice investigations by the Portland Police Department. D.A. Hari Haas accused the police of improper conduct. Officers apparently had sexual rela­tions with a key prosecution witness. The witness was loaned $200 by the head of the vice squad. |
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| The police responded to Haas’ accusations by suggesting that the D.A. was covering for important clients of local whores. |
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| The police responded to Haas’ accusations by suggesting that the D.A. was covering for important clients of local whores. |
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| What was never made clear, how­ever, are these facts: |
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| What was never made clear, how­ever, are these facts: |
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| Two trick books were in the posses­sion of the police and the D.A.’s office. According to informed sources the books contained the names of some of Portland and Oregon’s most impor­tant business and political leaders. Allegedly the “trick” books detailed sexual preferences of at least one judge and a major elected figure in Portland City government. |
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| Two trick books were in the posses­sion of the police and the D.A.’s office. According to informed sources the books contained the names of some of Portland and Oregon’s most impor­tant business and political leaders. Allegedly the “trick” books detailed sexual preferences of at least one judge and a major elected figure in Portland City government. |
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| The “trick” books, according to our sources, were last in the hands of the D.A.’s office. No one will say where the books are now. But they are probably great bedtime reading for someone. |
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| The “trick” books, according to our sources, were last in the hands of the D.A.’s office. No one will say where the books are now. But they are probably great bedtime reading for someone. |
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| Some Like It Hot |
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| Some Like It Hot |
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| A retired navy officer and his wife are believed to be the first Americans to simmer to death in an overheated hot tub. |
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| A retired navy officer and his wife are believed to be the first Americans to simmer to death in an overheated hot tub. |
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| Deputy coroner Margo Martin ruled that the couple passed out and died of extreme overheating at the spa in their home in Simi Valley, a suburb of Los Angeles. |
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| Deputy coroner Margo Martin ruled that the couple passed out and died of extreme overheating at the spa in their home in Simi Valley, a suburb of Los Angeles. |
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| For sheer futility, it’s hard to imag­ine a government agency compiling a sorrier record than that of the New York office of the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS). |
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| For sheer futility, it’s hard to imag­ine a government agency compiling a sorrier record than that of the New York office of the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS). |
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| During the fiscal year ending in October 1978, 200 INS investigators in New York spent $23.6 million lo­cating a total of 10,607 “deportable aliens”—or roughly $2,225 for every man, woman and child that the INS, in its own vernacular, deemed “wet.” |
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| During the fiscal year ending in October 1978, 200 INS investigators in New York spent $23.6 million lo­cating a total of 10,607 “deportable aliens”—or roughly $2,225 for every man, woman and child that the INS, in its own vernacular, deemed “wet.” |
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| If this doesn’t sound like too high a |
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| If this doesn’t sound like too high a |
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| Machine SNAFU Causes Needless Patient Death |
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| Machine SNAFU Causes Needless Patient Death |
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| In early June, the Clinton Street Quarterly has learned, a patient died because of equipment failure in the operating room of a major westside hospital. |
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| In early June, the Clinton Street Quarterly has learned, a patient died because of equipment failure in the operating room of a major westside hospital. |
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| The patient was undergoing a routine surgical knee repair. In the course of the operation, the victim was given too much oxygen. The respira­tory center in the brain failed and the patient’s lungs, heart and circulatory system malfunctioned. |
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| The patient was undergoing a routine surgical knee repair. In the course of the operation, the victim was given too much oxygen. The respira­tory center in the brain failed and the patient’s lungs, heart and circulatory system malfunctioned. |
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| Efforts at open chest massage failed. Like one in every 100,000 |
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| Efforts at open chest massage failed. Like one in every 100,000 |
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| bounty, then consider one more fact: Of these more than 10,000 “deport - ables,” maybe half are actually sert out of the country. The others man­age to elude deportation somehow— by jumping bail, marrying an Ameri­can, or tying up proceedings against them long enough to establish perma­nent residence, or citizenship. And even the total number of aliens appre­hended is but a fraction of the esti­mated 750,000 to 1.5 million living in the New York metropolitan area. |
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| bounty, then consider one more fact: Of these more than 10,000 “deport - ables,” maybe half are actually sert out of the country. The others man­age to elude deportation somehow— by jumping bail, marrying an Ameri­can, or tying up proceedings against them long enough to establish perma­nent residence, or citizenship. And even the total number of aliens appre­hended is but a fraction of the esti­mated 750,000 to 1.5 million living in the New York metropolitan area. |
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| anaesthetized persons undergoing surgery, the patient failed to survive what was supposed to be a very safe procedure. |
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| anaesthetized persons undergoing surgery, the patient failed to survive what was supposed to be a very safe procedure. |
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| The Clinton Street Quarterly also learned that the patient's family was not informed of the real cause of death. They were simply told that the patient had died while undergoing surgery. Thus the anaesthesiologist, the surgeon, and the hospital were able to avoid a possible malpractice suit. |
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| The Clinton Street Quarterly also learned that the patient's family was not informed of the real cause of death. They were simply told that the patient had died while undergoing surgery. Thus the anaesthesiologist, the surgeon, and the hospital were able to avoid a possible malpractice suit. |
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| Recycling Supporters Sought |
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| Recycling Supporters Sought |
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| Portland Recycling, a long-time environmental activist organization in the Portland community, has an­nounced that they will be conducting a membership drive and public aware­ness campaign during the months of July and August. The purpose of the membership drive will be to raise money to pay off some long-standing debts, and to purchase trucks and other equipment to make Portland Recycling a self-sufficient organi­zation. |
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| Portland Recycling, a long-time environmental activist organization in the Portland community, has an­nounced that they will be conducting a membership drive and public aware­ness campaign during the months of July and August. The purpose of the membership drive will be to raise money to pay off some long-standing debts, and to purchase trucks and other equipment to make Portland Recycling a self-sufficient organi­zation. |
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| Portland Recycling, a non-profit company, began offering recycling services to Portlanders in 1970, and since 1974 they have recycled more than 30,000 tons of paper, glass, aluminum and other recyclable materials, making them one of the largest recyclers in the nation. |
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| Portland Recycling, a non-profit company, began offering recycling services to Portlanders in 1970, and since 1974 they have recycled more than 30,000 tons of paper, glass, aluminum and other recyclable materials, making them one of the largest recyclers in the nation. |
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| Today, Portland Recycling has six full-time, 24-hour-a-day recycling drop-off centers, which offer commu­nity recycling and education programs |
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| Today, Portland Recycling has six full-time, 24-hour-a-day recycling drop-off centers, which offer commu­nity recycling and education programs |
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| to more than 20 residential areas from Tigard to the Coast. |
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| to more than 20 residential areas from Tigard to the Coast. |
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| The organization is trying to move as quickly as possible to complete self- sufficiency and a position of being able to pay their employees and continue their operations and educa­tion program, through the sale of recyclable materials to re-use markets, and by generating public support for their organization through the sale of public memberships. |
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| The organization is trying to move as quickly as possible to complete self- sufficiency and a position of being able to pay their employees and continue their operations and educa­tion program, through the sale of recyclable materials to re-use markets, and by generating public support for their organization through the sale of public memberships. |
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| At press time the exact details of the |
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| At press time the exact details of the |
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| membership drive were not available, although it is reported that it will involve a large outdoor concert later this summer, co-sponsored by KGON- FM radio, with all proceeds from the concert going to Portland Recycling. Members of Portland Recycling will receive admission to this concert, a monthly newsletter, and a window decal. Memberships are expected to cost between $5 and $10. |
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| membership drive were not available, although it is reported that it will involve a large outdoor concert later this summer, co-sponsored by KGON- FM radio, with all proceeds from the concert going to Portland Recycling. Members of Portland Recycling will receive admission to this concert, a monthly newsletter, and a window decal. Memberships are expected to cost between $5 and $10. |
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| For more details on how to join Portland Recycling, call 228-5375. |
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| For more details on how to join Portland Recycling, call 228-5375. |
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| The Only Full Service Restaurant in the John’s Landing Area |
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| The Only Full Service Restaurant in the John’s Landing Area |
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| 6:30 a.m. - 8 p.m. Everyday Live Music Thurs.-Sun. Nights Beer and Wine |
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| 6:30 a.m. - 8 p.m. Everyday Live Music Thurs.-Sun. Nights Beer and Wine |
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| 6439 S.W. Macadam 246-5108 |
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| 6439 S.W. Macadam 246-5108 |
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| DeNICOLA RESTAURANT |
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| DeNICOLA RESTAURANT |
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| Mrs. DeNicola and her family invite you to the DeNicola's Restaurant. The DeNicola's prepare each entree with fine in­gredients. . .from recipes they brought with them from Italy. They serve the kind of Italian food you've been looking for. |
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| Mrs. DeNicola and her family invite you to the DeNicola's Restaurant. The DeNicola's prepare each entree with fine in­gredients. . .from recipes they brought with them from Italy. They serve the kind of Italian food you've been looking for. |
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| TAKE OUT 234-2600 BANQUET FACILITIES 3520 SE Powell |
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| TAKE OUT 234-2600 BANQUET FACILITIES 3520 SE Powell |
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| 4:00-11:00 Tue-Thur 4:00-12:00 Fri-Sat 4:00-11:00 Sun. |
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| 4:00-11:00 Tue-Thur 4:00-12:00 Fri-Sat 4:00-11:00 Sun. |
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| Why Neil |
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| Why Neil |
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| Why Neil |
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| Can’t Win |
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| Can’t Win |
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| Figure |
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| By M.G. Horowitz |
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| By M.G. Horowitz |
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| By M.G. Horowitz |
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| Figure |
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| Figure |
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| A balmy Sunday evening during Rose Festival was hardly any time to talk politics. But it wax the first Sun­day of the month and it was once again Neil Goldschmidt’s turn to appear on KGW-TV's “Open Line”. Hardly ten minutes had elapsed when host Paid Linnman popped the ques­tion. "Are you ready now. Mr. Mayor, to tell us whether you will run for the U.S. Senate?" |
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| A balmy Sunday evening during Rose Festival was hardly any time to talk politics. But it wax the first Sun­day of the month and it was once again Neil Goldschmidt’s turn to appear on KGW-TV's “Open Line”. Hardly ten minutes had elapsed when host Paid Linnman popped the ques­tion. "Are you ready now. Mr. Mayor, to tell us whether you will run for the U.S. Senate?" |
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| The Mayor smiled. He allowed that he had traveled around the state to test the waters for a candidacy. Before he could declare, however, he needed to decide whether "this is really what I want" and whether Washington was “really where my family and I want to live." But the Clinton Street Quarterly had another question for the Mayor: is this an election you can really win. Your Honor? |
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| The Mayor smiled. He allowed that he had traveled around the state to test the waters for a candidacy. Before he could declare, however, he needed to decide whether "this is really what I want" and whether Washington was “really where my family and I want to live." But the Clinton Street Quarterly had another question for the Mayor: is this an election you can really win. Your Honor? |
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| No one doubts that Neil Gold­schmidt can excite urban voters in Portland and Eugene: he's shown that ability in two previous elections and in past appearances in both cities. But how would he fare outside the urban nexus — in semi-urban yet telling counties like Jackson. Marion, Des­chutes. and Umatilla? |
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| No one doubts that Neil Gold­schmidt can excite urban voters in Portland and Eugene: he's shown that ability in two previous elections and in past appearances in both cities. But how would he fare outside the urban nexus — in semi-urban yet telling counties like Jackson. Marion, Des­chutes. and Umatilla? |
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| I o ask the question is to also ask its twin: how is Bob Packwood doing in those counties? Has the two-term Senator endeared himself to the voters in those regions? |
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| I o ask the question is to also ask its twin: how is Bob Packwood doing in those counties? Has the two-term Senator endeared himself to the voters in those regions? |
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| “As long as he doesn't make any obi ions blunders — and he's avoided that — any awareness of his lack of a |
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| “As long as he doesn't make any obi ions blunders — and he's avoided that — any awareness of his lack of a |
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| record would have to be created,” Bend columnist Jackman Wilson told the Quarterly. “He’s been a Senator for two terms, he hasn’t been indicted! — it may be easy for people to think that he’s doing all right. They may not be aware of his stand on issues but they haven't heard of him in any kind of unpleasant context so they have fairly neutral feelings towards him, which is really not too bad the way things are.” |
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| record would have to be created,” Bend columnist Jackman Wilson told the Quarterly. “He’s been a Senator for two terms, he hasn’t been indicted! — it may be easy for people to think that he’s doing all right. They may not be aware of his stand on issues but they haven't heard of him in any kind of unpleasant context so they have fairly neutral feelings towards him, which is really not too bad the way things are.” |
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| “In Central Oregon, then,” we inquire, “no news is good news?” |
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| “In Central Oregon, then,” we inquire, “no news is good news?” |
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| “Yeah, Al Ullman keeps getting elected time after time and he hasn't really done all that much for the district. About all he’s delivered is a Visitor Center six miles south of here.” |
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| “Yeah, Al Ullman keeps getting elected time after time and he hasn't really done all that much for the district. About all he’s delivered is a Visitor Center six miles south of here.” |
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| “What about Goldschmidt’s image in this region?” |
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| “What about Goldschmidt’s image in this region?” |
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| Wilson pauses. “If people have any awareness of Goldschmidt at all, he’s perceived as a liberal Portland politi­cian and people would question his understanding of problems in this part of the state.” I glance at a recent editorial about Goldschmidt in the Bend Bulletin. Its title: “His Interest”. |
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| Wilson pauses. “If people have any awareness of Goldschmidt at all, he’s perceived as a liberal Portland politi­cian and people would question his understanding of problems in this part of the state.” I glance at a recent editorial about Goldschmidt in the Bend Bulletin. Its title: “His Interest”. |
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| The report is much the same from southern Oregon, where Medford reporter David Force appraised a possible Packwood-Goldschmidt match. “Packwood hasn’t been especially successful at becoming per­sonally identified with pork barrel projects in southern Oregon,” Force wrote us, “but he has a name fam­iliarity edge, which is probably ade­quate to win the election all by itself. Goldschmidt is known in a relatively positive sense in Medford, for co­operating in the city's efforts to develop a viable downtown are |
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| The report is much the same from southern Oregon, where Medford reporter David Force appraised a possible Packwood-Goldschmidt match. “Packwood hasn’t been especially successful at becoming per­sonally identified with pork barrel projects in southern Oregon,” Force wrote us, “but he has a name fam­iliarity edge, which is probably ade­quate to win the election all by itself. Goldschmidt is known in a relatively positive sense in Medford, for co­operating in the city's efforts to develop a viable downtown are |
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| As political observers, both Wilson |
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| As political observers, both Wilson |
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| and Force can conceive, of course, of a Goldschmidt upset. “If there was a good campaign,” allows Wilson, “good enough to where names and faces and issues became familiar to the voters, I think Goldschmidt could win here.” “Goldschmidt might make considerable capital,” adds Force, “by emphasizing Packwood as a member of the Washington establish­ment. But name familiarity gaps can be overcome only with heavy cam­paign spending. Goldschmidt would need an extremely well-financed campaign. Yet Packwood is alrea |
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| and Force can conceive, of course, of a Goldschmidt upset. “If there was a good campaign,” allows Wilson, “good enough to where names and faces and issues became familiar to the voters, I think Goldschmidt could win here.” “Goldschmidt might make considerable capital,” adds Force, “by emphasizing Packwood as a member of the Washington establish­ment. But name familiarity gaps can be overcome only with heavy cam­paign spending. Goldschmidt would need an extremely well-financed campaign. Yet Packwood is alrea |
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| Ah, money, the icon of post-war politics. Why is it so necessary for upsetting an incumbent or repressing a challenger? “A political campaign,” one veteran campaigner explained to us, “is an educational process. The educating that goes on is to educate the voters to vote for your guy instead |
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| Ah, money, the icon of post-war politics. Why is it so necessary for upsetting an incumbent or repressing a challenger? “A political campaign,” one veteran campaigner explained to us, “is an educational process. The educating that goes on is to educate the voters to vote for your guy instead |
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| Bob and Gloria: politics make strange bedfellows |
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| Bob and Gloria: politics make strange bedfellows |
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| of the other guy. If I had a choice between hiring a psychologist or a political scientist, I would take a psy­chologist every time because at least hopefully he understands human nature. People will give you all kinds of reasons why they vote for you but the real reason is that they like you better.” |
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| of the other guy. If I had a choice between hiring a psychologist or a political scientist, I would take a psy­chologist every time because at least hopefully he understands human nature. People will give you all kinds of reasons why they vote for you but the real reason is that they like you better.” |
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| “How do you get them to like you better?” we ask. |
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| “How do you get them to like you better?” we ask. |
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| “I’ll mention some things you spend money on that you might not think about. The first money you get in a campaign has to go to staff, people don’t even think about that. In addi­tion to that, you’re going to have head­quarters expenses. You’re going to have travel expenses. You got all that — and we could be talking now of $100,000 easy — before you even think of spending any money on media. If you want to have billboards, billboards are expensive. You’re going |
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| “I’ll mention some things you spend money on that you might not think about. The first money you get in a campaign has to go to staff, people don’t even think about that. In addi­tion to that, you’re going to have head­quarters expenses. You’re going to have travel expenses. You got all that — and we could be talking now of $100,000 easy — before you even think of spending any money on media. If you want to have billboards, billboards are expensive. You’re going |
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| PORRETTA PIZZA |
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| PORRETTA PIZZA |
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| 2239 SE Hawthorne |
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| 2239 SE Hawthorne |
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| 232-2812 |
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| 232-2812 |
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| TAKE OUT ONLY |
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| TAKE OUT ONLY |
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| BEER AND WINE TOGO |
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| BEER AND WINE TOGO |
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| BEST PIZZA IN PORTLAND |
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| BEST PIZZA IN PORTLAND |
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| Whole Wheat or White Crust |
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| Whole Wheat or White Crust |
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| Subs-Salads |
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| Subs-Salads |
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| Hours: Tue, Wed, Th, Sun 4-10 |
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| Hours: Tue, Wed, Th, Sun 4-10 |
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| Fri-Sat 5-12 |
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| Fri-Sat 5-12 |
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| w PORTLAND SATURDAY MARKET |
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| w PORTLAND SATURDAY MARKET |
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| SPECIAL SUMMER HAPPENINGS |
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| SPECIAL SUMMER HAPPENINGS |
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| JULY 8 CRAFTS DAY Free demonstrations by master craftspeople |
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| JULY 8 CRAFTS DAY Free demonstrations by master craftspeople |
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| AUGUST 11-12 WATERFRONT WEEKEND The whole Market moves to Waterfront Park for a weekend of merriment. |
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| AUGUST 11-12 WATERFRONT WEEKEND The whole Market moves to Waterfront Park for a weekend of merriment. |
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| Sunshine guaranteed. |
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| Sunshine guaranteed. |
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| Quality handcrafts • International food Local produce • Free entertainment Every Saturday and Sunday till Christmas Under the Burnside Bridge in Old Town |
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| Quality handcrafts • International food Local produce • Free entertainment Every Saturday and Sunday till Christmas Under the Burnside Bridge in Old Town |
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| Div |
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| Figure |
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| The Quarterly has been made privy to a harro wing story of red tape asphixiation that might snuff out the breath of 9-year-old Jack Nunn. |
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| The Quarterly has been made privy to a harro wing story of red tape asphixiation that might snuff out the breath of 9-year-old Jack Nunn. |
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| CLIUTOR STREET |
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| CLIUTOR STREET |
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| EXPOSE |
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| EXPOSE |
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| By Lenny Dee |
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| By Lenny Dee |
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| Every day of the week, ace Chicago columnist Mike Royko writes of hor­rible asphixiations of simple justice at the hands of bureaucratic Catch-22s. |
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| Every day of the week, ace Chicago columnist Mike Royko writes of hor­rible asphixiations of simple justice at the hands of bureaucratic Catch-22s. |
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| He’ll break your heart over the leg­less man who panhandles to find a permanent place of residence in order to receive Social Security benefits and then have the bureaucrats tell him that his increased income from panhandl­ing will cut his Social Security benefits to the point where food and shelter are unaffordable. Or Royko might infuri­ate you with other tales of young punks threatening the lives of decent, hard-working citizens, yet are allowed to roam the streets on six months’ probation while a Windy |
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| He’ll break your heart over the leg­less man who panhandles to find a permanent place of residence in order to receive Social Security benefits and then have the bureaucrats tell him that his increased income from panhandl­ing will cut his Social Security benefits to the point where food and shelter are unaffordable. Or Royko might infuri­ate you with other tales of young punks threatening the lives of decent, hard-working citizens, yet are allowed to roam the streets on six months’ probation while a Windy |
7 |
| Most Oregon chauvinists live here under the assumption that these bureaucratic snafus are relics of the older, decaying East. Lately it seems this myth might have as many holes in it as the Oregon State line. In the last month, the papers have detailed a depressing account of a young black man’s first days on a construction job in Central Oregon that in ugliness can be compared to James Meredith trying to integrate the University of Missis­sippi—yet neither the union nor the human rights commission felt emp |
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| Most Oregon chauvinists live here under the assumption that these bureaucratic snafus are relics of the older, decaying East. Lately it seems this myth might have as many holes in it as the Oregon State line. In the last month, the papers have detailed a depressing account of a young black man’s first days on a construction job in Central Oregon that in ugliness can be compared to James Meredith trying to integrate the University of Missis­sippi—yet neither the union nor the human rights commission felt emp |
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| Recently the Quarterly has been made privy to a harrowing story of red tape asphixiation that might snuff out the breath of 9-year-old Jack Nunn, who, for six years, has depended on expensive oxygen machinery to help his badly scarred lungs breathe. At age 3 Jack contracted viral pneumonia, which permanently scarred his lungs and required him to be on 24-hour oxygen supply. |
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| Recently the Quarterly has been made privy to a harrowing story of red tape asphixiation that might snuff out the breath of 9-year-old Jack Nunn, who, for six years, has depended on expensive oxygen machinery to help his badly scarred lungs breathe. At age 3 Jack contracted viral pneumonia, which permanently scarred his lungs and required him to be on 24-hour oxygen supply. |
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| At that time, Jack’s father’s health insurance covered the crisis. Shortly thereafter Jack’s mom and dad got di­vorced. Mrs. Nunn remarried in the |
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| At that time, Jack’s father’s health insurance covered the crisis. Shortly thereafter Jack’s mom and dad got di­vorced. Mrs. Nunn remarried in the |
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| interim and Mr. Nunn quit his job, dropping their health insurance poli­cy. His new stepdad could obviously not find an insurance company willing to provide coverage. Therefore, the State picked them up on the ADC stepfather grant. |
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| interim and Mr. Nunn quit his job, dropping their health insurance poli­cy. His new stepdad could obviously not find an insurance company willing to provide coverage. Therefore, the State picked them up on the ADC stepfather grant. |
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| So the stepfather grant became crucial to Jack’s survival. |
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| So the stepfather grant became crucial to Jack’s survival. |
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| This spring, Proposition 13 fever hit the legislature, and the stepfather grants were discontinued, leaving Jack’s lungs high and dry. The family continues to pile up huge bills while they frantically search for assistance. (The portable and home oxygen sup­ply runs them $1,000 a month.) |
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| This spring, Proposition 13 fever hit the legislature, and the stepfather grants were discontinued, leaving Jack’s lungs high and dry. The family continues to pile up huge bills while they frantically search for assistance. (The portable and home oxygen sup­ply runs them $1,000 a month.) |
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| Jack’s mom contacted Congressman |
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| Jack’s mom contacted Congressman |
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| Les AuCoin’s office, and they tried to get help from the State Emergency Medical Care, without success. On her own, and with AuCoin’s office’s help, she contacted the Red Cross—who has no funding for such cases—the Oregon Lung Foundation (funded by Easter Seals), which only does re­search and education and does not provide direct assistance; Social Secu­rity; and the Shriners Hospital. |
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| Les AuCoin’s office, and they tried to get help from the State Emergency Medical Care, without success. On her own, and with AuCoin’s office’s help, she contacted the Red Cross—who has no funding for such cases—the Oregon Lung Foundation (funded by Easter Seals), which only does re­search and education and does not provide direct assistance; Social Secu­rity; and the Shriners Hospital. |
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| Some of these agencies are not char­tered to help such cases. Others, be­cause the stepfather makes a moder­ate income, cannot help even though the monthly cost of the machines is three-fourths of his income. One charity could have helped only if the |
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| Some of these agencies are not char­tered to help such cases. Others, be­cause the stepfather makes a moder­ate income, cannot help even though the monthly cost of the machines is three-fourths of his income. One charity could have helped only if the |
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| lung disease was a nonprimary illness, but Jack’s lung problem is very pri­mary. . . . Ironically, the only plan that could have helped is Multnomah County's Project Health (with only one year to live, thanks to Proposition 13 fever), but since Jack lives in Wash­ington County. . . . |
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| lung disease was a nonprimary illness, but Jack’s lung problem is very pri­mary. . . . Ironically, the only plan that could have helped is Multnomah County's Project Health (with only one year to live, thanks to Proposition 13 fever), but since Jack lives in Wash­ington County. . . . |
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| All this activity is compounded by governmental officials flying around in circles and getting stuck on the fly­paper. Senator Ed Fadeley, who intro­duced part of the welfare cutback legislation, was assured by Keith Putnam — Director of Adult and Family Services—that the State would find assistance. Marlene Haugland, Mr. Putnam’s Executive Assistant, assured the Quarterly that they have been aware of the family for many years and that the branch office worked for many weeks in helping— there just wasn’t an |
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| All this activity is compounded by governmental officials flying around in circles and getting stuck on the fly­paper. Senator Ed Fadeley, who intro­duced part of the welfare cutback legislation, was assured by Keith Putnam — Director of Adult and Family Services—that the State would find assistance. Marlene Haugland, Mr. Putnam’s Executive Assistant, assured the Quarterly that they have been aware of the family for many years and that the branch office worked for many weeks in helping— there just wasn’t an |
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| Terry Anderson, who works at the Tri-County Community Council, helped the AuCoin office in their search for assistance and found local charities unwilling or unable to help, and the Washington County welfare workers slowed to a standstill by iner­tia and disappointment in the bureau­cracy, without confidence tn taking the case to higher offices. |
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| Terry Anderson, who works at the Tri-County Community Council, helped the AuCoin office in their search for assistance and found local charities unwilling or unable to help, and the Washington County welfare workers slowed to a standstill by iner­tia and disappointment in the bureau­cracy, without confidence tn taking the case to higher offices. |
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| Caught in a Catch-22, Jack’s mom feels that no one would dare take the machine from her son despite all the “hot air” being blown her way by those concerned. To her, it’s a ma/ter of setting a precedent that might help others caught in the red tape night­mare of our bureaucracy. |
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| Caught in a Catch-22, Jack’s mom feels that no one would dare take the machine from her son despite all the “hot air” being blown her way by those concerned. To her, it’s a ma/ter of setting a precedent that might help others caught in the red tape night­mare of our bureaucracy. |
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| The last time I called Jack’s house, it took every ounce of hjs lung power to call his mother to the phone before a heartbreaking wheezing cough set in. |
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| The last time I called Jack’s house, it took every ounce of hjs lung power to call his mother to the phone before a heartbreaking wheezing cough set in. |
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| For what reason does government exist if it cannot aid a Jack Nunn? |
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| For what reason does government exist if it cannot aid a Jack Nunn? |
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| ARTICHOKE MUSIC |
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| ARTICHOKE MUSIC |
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| 10:30-5:30 ♦ monday-saturday ♦ 722 northwest 21st ♦ 248-0356 _____K |
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| 10:30-5:30 ♦ monday-saturday ♦ 722 northwest 21st ♦ 248-0356 _____K |
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| Div |
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| Figure |
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| Scoop's Power Bill Shafts The Northwest |
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| Scoop's Power Bill Shafts The Northwest |
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| Friends: |
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| Friends: |
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| I am a former Portlander living in Eugene, where I have the honor and responsibility of being one of the five elected commissioners that make policy decisions for Oregon’s largest customer-owned utility, the Eugene Water & Electric Board (EWEB). This utility is known nationally for innovative leadership in energy con­servation and development of decen­tralized renewable energy sources— hydroelectric, geothermal, cogenera­tion, wind, and biomass. |
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| I am a former Portlander living in Eugene, where I have the honor and responsibility of being one of the five elected commissioners that make policy decisions for Oregon’s largest customer-owned utility, the Eugene Water & Electric Board (EWEB). This utility is known nationally for innovative leadership in energy con­servation and development of decen­tralized renewable energy sources— hydroelectric, geothermal, cogenera­tion, wind, and biomass. |
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| EWEB is also Portland General Electric Company’s silent pardner, along with the Bonneville Power Ad­ministration (BPA) in the Trojan Nu­clear Power Plant. I was elected to help get EWEB out of that program sponsored by BPA, |
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| EWEB is also Portland General Electric Company’s silent pardner, along with the Bonneville Power Ad­ministration (BPA) in the Trojan Nu­clear Power Plant. I was elected to help get EWEB out of that program sponsored by BPA, |
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| The Clinton St. Quarterly recently asked me to contribute an article about the controversial Northwest regional electric power bill currently before the U.S. House of Representa­tives. This bill, also known as the Jackson Bill or Grandson of Peenuck, has been introduced and successfully managed in the Senate during the present and two previous Congres­sional sessions by the senator from Boeing. Henry “Scoop” Jackson. |
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| The Clinton St. Quarterly recently asked me to contribute an article about the controversial Northwest regional electric power bill currently before the U.S. House of Representa­tives. This bill, also known as the Jackson Bill or Grandson of Peenuck, has been introduced and successfully managed in the Senate during the present and two previous Congres­sional sessions by the senator from Boeing. Henry “Scoop” Jackson. |
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| This bill would allow BPA to hock the entire federal Columbia River Power System as collateral to back construction bonds sold to pay for completion of nine Trojan-sized nu­clear power plants. This plan to spend at least $12 billion on these nukes and then repay it with interest by soaking the ratepayers of the Northwest through the wholesale rates of BPA would be enforced by the federal gov­ernment if this bill is passed. |
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| This bill would allow BPA to hock the entire federal Columbia River Power System as collateral to back construction bonds sold to pay for completion of nine Trojan-sized nu­clear power plants. This plan to spend at least $12 billion on these nukes and then repay it with interest by soaking the ratepayers of the Northwest through the wholesale rates of BPA would be enforced by the federal gov­ernment if this bill is passed. |
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| This vast conspiracy to put the elec­tric utility ratepayers of the Northwest into billions of dollars of debt that would mean electric utility rates so high we cannot even imagine them now. This plan was hatched up by BPA, its “direct service” aluminum company customers, and the Pacific Northwest Utilities Conference Com­mittee (PNUCC) in a high-pressure atmosphere of thinly veiled economic blackmail where the publicly owned and investor-owned utilities were brought together for shuckin’ and jivin' by BPA |
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| This vast conspiracy to put the elec­tric utility ratepayers of the Northwest into billions of dollars of debt that would mean electric utility rates so high we cannot even imagine them now. This plan was hatched up by BPA, its “direct service” aluminum company customers, and the Pacific Northwest Utilities Conference Com­mittee (PNUCC) in a high-pressure atmosphere of thinly veiled economic blackmail where the publicly owned and investor-owned utilities were brought together for shuckin’ and jivin' by BPA |
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| Here is my testimony before the House Water & Power Subcommittee at their hearing on the Jackson Bill on September 8, 1979. |
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| Here is my testimony before the House Water & Power Subcommittee at their hearing on the Jackson Bill on September 8, 1979. |
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| I also describe here an ongoing movement toward utility reform that has been called the “unfinished agen­da” of the 1979 Oregon Legislature. It would create an Oregon alternative to the federal model of electric power ownership and control BPA has cooked up in the Jackson Bill. |
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| I also describe here an ongoing movement toward utility reform that has been called the “unfinished agen­da” of the 1979 Oregon Legislature. It would create an Oregon alternative to the federal model of electric power ownership and control BPA has cooked up in the Jackson Bill. |
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| I’ll also discuss Oregon’s new law on formation of customer-owned “Peo­ple’s Utility Districts,” and the comic opera that accompanied the successful formation election campaign that created the Emerald People’s Utility District in November 1978. Pacific Power & Light, the investor-owned utility the committee of rural Lane County people sought to take over, spent $300,000 on the campaign. The Emerald PUD Committee spent $3,000 and won, creating the opportu­nity to make Lane County an all- public-power county |
8 |
| I’ll also discuss Oregon’s new law on formation of customer-owned “Peo­ple’s Utility Districts,” and the comic opera that accompanied the successful formation election campaign that created the Emerald People’s Utility District in November 1978. Pacific Power & Light, the investor-owned utility the committee of rural Lane County people sought to take over, spent $300,000 on the campaign. The Emerald PUD Committee spent $3,000 and won, creating the opportu­nity to make Lane County an all- public-power county |
8 |
| If you are interested in bringing our energy future under democratic con­trol, please contact the Ratepayers’ Union in Portland. In the next issues of The Clinton St. Quarterly I’ll go into the Oregon model of local democratic control of our energy systems and supplies, and the vision of an energy future they see for us in Washington, D.C. |
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| If you are interested in bringing our energy future under democratic con­trol, please contact the Ratepayers’ Union in Portland. In the next issues of The Clinton St. Quarterly I’ll go into the Oregon model of local democratic control of our energy systems and supplies, and the vision of an energy future they see for us in Washington, D.C. |
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| The Testimony |
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| The Testimony |
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| Members of the Committee, my name is John Bartels. I am one of five elected commissioners of the Eugene Water & Electric Board (EWEB). EWEB has not yet taken an official position on these bills. I speak today as a single publicly owned utility com­missioner representing part of the second largest urban area in Oregon. This area is experiencing rapid growth of both population and demand for electric power. |
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| Members of the Committee, my name is John Bartels. I am one of five elected commissioners of the Eugene Water & Electric Board (EWEB). EWEB has not yet taken an official position on these bills. I speak today as a single publicly owned utility com­missioner representing part of the second largest urban area in Oregon. This area is experiencing rapid growth of both population and demand for electric power. |
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| In 1970 the ratepayer-owners of EWEB responded to an initiative cam­paign by voting in a four-year mora­torium in nuclear power investments |
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| In 1970 the ratepayer-owners of EWEB responded to an initiative cam­paign by voting in a four-year mora­torium in nuclear power investments |
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| and set EWEB on its present course of bringing on decentralized and renew­able sources of generation that are cost effective, environmentally acceptable, and acceptable to our customer­owners. We are successful and will continue to be successful in achieving these difficult standards for new elec­tric power generation if and only if such federal legislation as you are considering today is laid to rest. |
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| and set EWEB on its present course of bringing on decentralized and renew­able sources of generation that are cost effective, environmentally acceptable, and acceptable to our customer­owners. We are successful and will continue to be successful in achieving these difficult standards for new elec­tric power generation if and only if such federal legislation as you are considering today is laid to rest. |
8 |
| These bills, and indeed all bills introduced in earlier sessions, would expand the authority of the Adminis­trator of the Bonneville Power Admin­istration to allow him to rewrite all the long-term BPA contracts for federal hydropower with the investor-owned utilities and the large industrial cus­tomers—mainly aluminum compa­nies. In addition, these bills would allow this federal marketing agency to contract to purchase power from plants that are not built and thereby assume the financial responsibility to p |
8 |
| These bills, and indeed all bills introduced in earlier sessions, would expand the authority of the Adminis­trator of the Bonneville Power Admin­istration to allow him to rewrite all the long-term BPA contracts for federal hydropower with the investor-owned utilities and the large industrial cus­tomers—mainly aluminum compa­nies. In addition, these bills would allow this federal marketing agency to contract to purchase power from plants that are not built and thereby assume the financial responsibility to p |
8 |
| BPA was created to perform a limited function; that was to sell the power generated at federal hydro­electric projects in the Northwest to publicly owned utilities to provide an economic “yardstick” by which to judge the rates charged by the investor- owned utilities and to build electric power transmission facilities in such a manner as to expand the electrifica­tion of the Northwest in the rural areas and in the industrial and agricultural sectors. |
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| BPA was created to perform a limited function; that was to sell the power generated at federal hydro­electric projects in the Northwest to publicly owned utilities to provide an economic “yardstick” by which to judge the rates charged by the investor- owned utilities and to build electric power transmission facilities in such a manner as to expand the electrifica­tion of the Northwest in the rural areas and in the industrial and agricultural sectors. |
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| During the era of plentiful hydro­electric power supplies, the BPA Administrator wrote 20-year contracts with both the aluminum industry and the investor-owned utilities. Now BPA intends to rewrite these contracts for federal hydropower on the basis of promises to increase the power sup­plies by adding nuclear and coal-fired plants. |
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| During the era of plentiful hydro­electric power supplies, the BPA Administrator wrote 20-year contracts with both the aluminum industry and the investor-owned utilities. Now BPA intends to rewrite these contracts for federal hydropower on the basis of promises to increase the power sup­plies by adding nuclear and coal-fired plants. |
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| These plants, however, are years behind schedule, and the cost over­runs are gargantuan. All this cost has been mixed in with the federal hydro­power. Although this has been going on for years, these construction costs are just going to hit the BPA whole­sale power rates in January 1980. The effect of this has been to mask the true |
8 |
| These plants, however, are years behind schedule, and the cost over­runs are gargantuan. All this cost has been mixed in with the federal hydro­power. Although this has been going on for years, these construction costs are just going to hit the BPA whole­sale power rates in January 1980. The effect of this has been to mask the true |
8 |
| Figure |
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| 836 NORTH RUSSELL |
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| 836 NORTH RUSSELL |
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| 836 NORTH RUSSELL |
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| 282-6810 |
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| 282-6810 |
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| MONDAY |
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| MONDAY |
8 |
| Coffee Lolita and Kamora $1.50 |
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| Coffee Lolita and Kamora $1.50 |
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| Russell Street Special $1.95 |
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| Russell Street Special $1.95 |
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| (Our Giant Hamburger loaded with everything starting ar 6:30 PM |
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| (Our Giant Hamburger loaded with everything starting ar 6:30 PM |
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| THE BEST IN LIVE MUSIC |
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| THE BEST IN LIVE MUSIC |
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| every thursday, friday and Saturday |
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| every thursday, friday and Saturday |
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| TUESDAY |
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| TUESDAY |
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| Buck Night Well Drinks Only |
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| Buck Night Well Drinks Only |
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| Steamers Spec'a1 $3.25 |
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| Steamers Spec'a1 $3.25 |
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| Bucket of Steamed Clams |
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| Bucket of Steamed Clams |
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| starting at 6:30 PM |
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| starting at 6:30 PM |
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| WEDNESDAY |
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| WEDNESDAY |
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| Tequila Night |
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| Tequila Night |
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| All Tequila Drinks |
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| All Tequila Drinks |
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| $1.50 |
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| $1.50 |
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| THURSDAY |
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| THURSDAY |
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| Ladies Night |
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| Ladies Night |
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| Cover $1.50 Ladies $.50 |
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| Cover $1.50 Ladies $.50 |
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| 1st. Drink For Ladies Free |
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| 1st. Drink For Ladies Free |
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| Mile North of the Coliseum - 1 Block off Interstate Avenue |
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| Mile North of the Coliseum - 1 Block off Interstate Avenue |
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| 8 |
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| Div |
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| Figure |
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| costs of huge, central station multi­megawatt coal and nuclear plants and send a false economic signal to the consumers. This has, until recently, kept alternative, renewable energy resources from being cost effective because the real costs of coal and nuclear were disguised. |
9 |
| costs of huge, central station multi­megawatt coal and nuclear plants and send a false economic signal to the consumers. This has, until recently, kept alternative, renewable energy resources from being cost effective because the real costs of coal and nuclear were disguised. |
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| After 1973, though, when the BPA contracts with the investor-owned utilities ran out, the coal and nuclear plant construction costs directly im­pacted the private utility rates. The rates doubled in five years, and Ore­gon ratepayers responded by voting in a ban on including construction work in progress (CWIP) in private utility rates by an overwhelming 67 percent. |
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| After 1973, though, when the BPA contracts with the investor-owned utilities ran out, the coal and nuclear plant construction costs directly im­pacted the private utility rates. The rates doubled in five years, and Ore­gon ratepayers responded by voting in a ban on including construction work in progress (CWIP) in private utility rates by an overwhelming 67 percent. |
9 |
| BPA has been attempting a feder­ally controlled solution to the problem of scarce energy supplies in the future for the past 10 years with their Hydro- Thermal Power Program. We know what their results have been: plants that are not cost effective and not reli­able, plants that are environmentally unacceptable, plants that are too large to live around, take far too long to build, and rely on fuels that are not renewable and are always escalating in |
9 |
| BPA has been attempting a feder­ally controlled solution to the problem of scarce energy supplies in the future for the past 10 years with their Hydro- Thermal Power Program. We know what their results have been: plants that are not cost effective and not reli­able, plants that are environmentally unacceptable, plants that are too large to live around, take far too long to build, and rely on fuels that are not renewable and are always escalating in |
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| This vast conspiracy to put the electric utility rate payers of the Northwest into billions of dollars of debt... |
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| This vast conspiracy to put the electric utility rate payers of the Northwest into billions of dollars of debt... |
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| cost. The ratepayers of the Northwest were not consulted on this program and are finally recognizing the disas­trous economic impact it will have on this region if it is continued. |
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| cost. The ratepayers of the Northwest were not consulted on this program and are finally recognizing the disas­trous economic impact it will have on this region if it is continued. |
9 |
| These bills have always promised vague solutions to concrete local prob­lems. The results have been and will continue to be negative. These energy questions must be resolved from the bottom up, not from the top down. Expanding the authority of the BPA Administrator is not what we need to solve our problems. Already the BPA Administrators have used their autho­rity to bully the public utilities into sticking with this bankrupt energy program. |
9 |
| These bills have always promised vague solutions to concrete local prob­lems. The results have been and will continue to be negative. These energy questions must be resolved from the bottom up, not from the top down. Expanding the authority of the BPA Administrator is not what we need to solve our problems. Already the BPA Administrators have used their autho­rity to bully the public utilities into sticking with this bankrupt energy program. |
9 |
| The BPA Administrators have re­fused to reallocate the federal power according to law after the 20-year contracts with the private utilities ran out in 1973. Instead, BPA served the customer-owned utilities with a “no­tice of unsufficiency,” stating that BPA would not be able to renew the contracts the public bodies have now when they expire in the late 1980s. However, BPA also had their Hydro- Thermal plan, which would solve the problem by getting BPA involved in coal and nuclear power projects and also mi |
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| The BPA Administrators have re­fused to reallocate the federal power according to law after the 20-year contracts with the private utilities ran out in 1973. Instead, BPA served the customer-owned utilities with a “no­tice of unsufficiency,” stating that BPA would not be able to renew the contracts the public bodies have now when they expire in the late 1980s. However, BPA also had their Hydro- Thermal plan, which would solve the problem by getting BPA involved in coal and nuclear power projects and also mi |
9 |
| utilities in generation projects together by exempting the private companies from some provisions of the Public Utility Holding Company Act, which was passed in the 1930s to prevent the conglomeration of utilities into hold­ing companies prior to their financial collapse in 1929. This is another ex­ample of BPA trying to get around the law. |
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| utilities in generation projects together by exempting the private companies from some provisions of the Public Utility Holding Company Act, which was passed in the 1930s to prevent the conglomeration of utilities into hold­ing companies prior to their financial collapse in 1929. This is another ex­ample of BPA trying to get around the law. |
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| This entire approach of having the federal government “fix” the energy shortage is characterized by pie-in-the- sky theory. For instance, the pass- through of federal power to the investor-owned utilities is described as the way to lower the electric rates for the majority of Oregonians who are presently served by private utilities. The facts are that BPA already has authority to sell to the investor-owned utilities on an annual basis and did sell to Portland General Electric Company during the nine-month p |
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| This entire approach of having the federal government “fix” the energy shortage is characterized by pie-in-the- sky theory. For instance, the pass- through of federal power to the investor-owned utilities is described as the way to lower the electric rates for the majority of Oregonians who are presently served by private utilities. The facts are that BPA already has authority to sell to the investor-owned utilities on an annual basis and did sell to Portland General Electric Company during the nine-month p |
9 |
| The Administrator is still trying to get the public and investor-owned power supplies together. Local control over power supplies and rate making, of course, disappears and becomes vested instead in one federal appointed official—the Administrator of the BPA. |
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| The Administrator is still trying to get the public and investor-owned power supplies together. Local control over power supplies and rate making, of course, disappears and becomes vested instead in one federal appointed official—the Administrator of the BPA. |
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| Rather than expand the authority of the Administrator, I want to cut it back and force this agency to obey the law. The publicly owned utilities should have sued BPA for reallocation of power in 1974 and never allowed themselves to be blackmailed this way. |
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| Rather than expand the authority of the Administrator, I want to cut it back and force this agency to obey the law. The publicly owned utilities should have sued BPA for reallocation of power in 1974 and never allowed themselves to be blackmailed this way. |
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| This idea is bad economics, filled with prejudices about the technology, and generally out of touch with what the people in Oregon want. During the 1979 session of our state legislature, we revised the statute on formation of People’s Utility Districts. Committees are now working to form new PUDs and energize old ones in several parts of the state. In July our legislature passed an 18-month moratorium on nuclear power plants to allow time for an initiative to be placed on the gener­al election ballot in 198 |
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| This idea is bad economics, filled with prejudices about the technology, and generally out of touch with what the people in Oregon want. During the 1979 session of our state legislature, we revised the statute on formation of People’s Utility Districts. Committees are now working to form new PUDs and energize old ones in several parts of the state. In July our legislature passed an 18-month moratorium on nuclear power plants to allow time for an initiative to be placed on the gener­al election ballot in 198 |
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| In addition, an effort was also made in our state legislature to activate dor­mant powers of the state constitution to create an Oregon Energy Develop­ment Commission to bring the bond­ing power of the state behind the de­centralized, renewable energy projects of the Oregon publicly owned utilities. This measure will also be taken to the initiative with the nuclear moratorium. |
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| In addition, an effort was also made in our state legislature to activate dor­mant powers of the state constitution to create an Oregon Energy Develop­ment Commission to bring the bond­ing power of the state behind the de­centralized, renewable energy projects of the Oregon publicly owned utilities. This measure will also be taken to the initiative with the nuclear moratorium. |
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| Polling done both during and after the Oregon legislative session indicate Oregonians are going to make their minds up about both their energy fu­ture and ownership of electric utilities in the general election in 1980. This is exactly the wrong time to impose a federal program that will usurp this local control. |
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| Polling done both during and after the Oregon legislative session indicate Oregonians are going to make their minds up about both their energy fu­ture and ownership of electric utilities in the general election in 1980. This is exactly the wrong time to impose a federal program that will usurp this local control. |
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| You have heard enough about these bills already to know that there are many other conflicting uses of Colum­bia River water to be worked out, how to get the depleted fishery into the cost-benefit analysis, and how to co­ordinate the multiple agencies involved with all these issues. |
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| You have heard enough about these bills already to know that there are many other conflicting uses of Colum­bia River water to be worked out, how to get the depleted fishery into the cost-benefit analysis, and how to co­ordinate the multiple agencies involved with all these issues. |
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| At EWEB we have found the only federal legislation we need to proceed with bringing on decentralized, renew­ |
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| At EWEB we have found the only federal legislation we need to proceed with bringing on decentralized, renew­ |
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| able energy sources that are part of our local economy and not arbitrary economic penalties externally im­posed, has been dealt with on a problem-by-problem basis very effec­tively by our Congressman Jim Weaver. These things can be done in much simpler ways, much quicker, than with these regional, omnibus­type efforts. |
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| able energy sources that are part of our local economy and not arbitrary economic penalties externally im­posed, has been dealt with on a problem-by-problem basis very effec­tively by our Congressman Jim Weaver. These things can be done in much simpler ways, much quicker, than with these regional, omnibus­type efforts. |
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| Let us lay aside this idea of a big federal solution controlled by federal bureaucracy, take what we have learned in the five years about energy in the Columbia Basin, and start again from the bottom up. |
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| Let us lay aside this idea of a big federal solution controlled by federal bureaucracy, take what we have learned in the five years about energy in the Columbia Basin, and start again from the bottom up. |
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| Thank you very much for coming to Oregon to see how the ratepayers view this legislation, and thank you for not holding this hearing at the Bonneville Power Administration headquarters. |
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| Thank you very much for coming to Oregon to see how the ratepayers view this legislation, and thank you for not holding this hearing at the Bonneville Power Administration headquarters. |
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| Two days after this Congressional hearing. EWEB voted unanimously to oppose passage of the Jackson Bill until BPA allocates the federal hydro­power according to the present federal law. |
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| Two days after this Congressional hearing. EWEB voted unanimously to oppose passage of the Jackson Bill until BPA allocates the federal hydro­power according to the present federal law. |
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| More later, John Bartels |
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| More later, John Bartels |
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| Figure |
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| Economic |
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| Economic |
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| According to President Carter’s budget for fiscal 1980, the Department of Defense will get appropriations totaling some $138 billion next year, up from $128 billion during the cur­rent fiscal year. That increase—com­ing at a time of “austerity" and cut­backs in nondefense programs—rep­resents a hike of 3 percent over and above the projected rate of inflation. If the budget is passed intact, defense spending will consume about one-third of the federal budget. That amounts to about $680for every man, woman an |
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| According to President Carter’s budget for fiscal 1980, the Department of Defense will get appropriations totaling some $138 billion next year, up from $128 billion during the cur­rent fiscal year. That increase—com­ing at a time of “austerity" and cut­backs in nondefense programs—rep­resents a hike of 3 percent over and above the projected rate of inflation. If the budget is passed intact, defense spending will consume about one-third of the federal budget. That amounts to about $680for every man, woman an |
10 |
| Does military spending need to be so high? Hawks and doves argue end­lessly about how much national secu­rity a $138 billion defense budget ac­tually buys. But there is one point on which both sides agree. Much of the support for high military spending stems not from a concern for national security but from a concern for jobs. In the debate a year or two ago over the B-l bomber, for example, the number of jobs due to be lost if the B-l was cancelled was much more im­portant politically than the bomber’s pot |
10 |
| Does military spending need to be so high? Hawks and doves argue end­lessly about how much national secu­rity a $138 billion defense budget ac­tually buys. But there is one point on which both sides agree. Much of the support for high military spending stems not from a concern for national security but from a concern for jobs. In the debate a year or two ago over the B-l bomber, for example, the number of jobs due to be lost if the B-l was cancelled was much more im­portant politically than the bomber’s pot |
10 |
| If jobs were somehow not at issue, those who advocate arms control and reduced military spending would gain an edge in their continuing battle with the advocates of “preparedness.” The debate on weapons systems and de­fense budgets could then focus not on the need to maintain employment but on America’s legitimate military re­quirements. Advocating the B-l, the MX, the cruise missile, and other ex­pensive weapons systems on the grounds of their contribution to na­tional security might not be so easy. Doubtl |
10 |
| If jobs were somehow not at issue, those who advocate arms control and reduced military spending would gain an edge in their continuing battle with the advocates of “preparedness.” The debate on weapons systems and de­fense budgets could then focus not on the need to maintain employment but on America’s legitimate military re­quirements. Advocating the B-l, the MX, the cruise missile, and other ex­pensive weapons systems on the grounds of their contribution to na­tional security might not be so easy. Doubtl |
10 |
| If the link between jobs and defense expenditures is to be broken, people must be convinced that they would be better off economically if the govern­ment spent its money on other things. A practical mechanism must also be created for planning the conversion of defense-related industries and facili­ties to nonmilitary operation. |
10 |
| If the link between jobs and defense expenditures is to be broken, people must be convinced that they would be better off economically if the govern­ment spent its money on other things. A practical mechanism must also be created for planning the conversion of defense-related industries and facili­ties to nonmilitary operation. |
10 |
| It is not surprising, of course, that Americans associate high defense budgets with a healthy economy. It was World War II that finally pulled the country out of the Depression, and in the two decades of growth that fol­lowed the war, the federal government spent a large chunk of its budget on defense. Military spending since World War II has varied from its cur­rent high to a low of $20.3 billion (1972 dollars) in 1948. But it has never dropped below 30 percent of total federal spending. |
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| It is not surprising, of course, that Americans associate high defense budgets with a healthy economy. It was World War II that finally pulled the country out of the Depression, and in the two decades of growth that fol­lowed the war, the federal government spent a large chunk of its budget on defense. Military spending since World War II has varied from its cur­rent high to a low of $20.3 billion (1972 dollars) in 1948. But it has never dropped below 30 percent of total federal spending. |
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| Now, there is no doubt that govern­ment spending of any kind creates jobs; if Washington paid people to dig ditches and fill them up again (the classic example), that, too, would put a lot of people to work. The trouble is that jobs by themselves don’t neces­sarily contribute to people’s material well-being. Military goods and ser­vices, unlike consumer goods, are not something that people can use and enjoy; they are not part of the “stan­dard of living.” Nor do they contribute to the economy’s capacity to |
10 |
| Now, there is no doubt that govern­ment spending of any kind creates jobs; if Washington paid people to dig ditches and fill them up again (the classic example), that, too, would put a lot of people to work. The trouble is that jobs by themselves don’t neces­sarily contribute to people’s material well-being. Military goods and ser­vices, unlike consumer goods, are not something that people can use and enjoy; they are not part of the “stan­dard of living.” Nor do they contribute to the economy’s capacity to |
10 |
| It is possible, in fact, to trace a number of our current economic ills to the extraordinary diversion of produc­tive resources to military uses in the decades since the end of World War II. The unprecedented combination of high inflation and high unemployment in the 1970s is the predictable result of a cumulative, long-term process of economic deterioration that resource diversion on such a large scale is bound to produce. |
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| It is possible, in fact, to trace a number of our current economic ills to the extraordinary diversion of produc­tive resources to military uses in the decades since the end of World War II. The unprecedented combination of high inflation and high unemployment in the 1970s is the predictable result of a cumulative, long-term process of economic deterioration that resource diversion on such a large scale is bound to produce. |
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| Because the flow of money to mili­tary firms is not “balanced,” in the economist’s scheme of things, by a corresponding production of goods and services that the firms’ employees can buy, defense spending creates the classic inflationary situation of too much money chasing too few goods. Theoretically, this part of the problem could be corrected by increasing taxes, thus drawing the “excess” money out of the economy. But increasing taxes to cover increases in military spending is generally considered politi |
10 |
| Because the flow of money to mili­tary firms is not “balanced,” in the economist’s scheme of things, by a corresponding production of goods and services that the firms’ employees can buy, defense spending creates the classic inflationary situation of too much money chasing too few goods. Theoretically, this part of the problem could be corrected by increasing taxes, thus drawing the “excess” money out of the economy. But increasing taxes to cover increases in military spending is generally considered politi |
10 |
| The internal operation or the wea­pons procurement system aggravates the inflationary impact of the defense budget. Virtually all military contracts include incentives for producers to hold down costs. But the incentives are poorly designed and enforced; in practice, military contracts turn out to be cost-plus. No firm that knows its customer will cover all of its costs— including guaranteed profits—will hold back on spending. The inevitable freewheeling attitude bids up the prices of the productive resourc |
10 |
| The internal operation or the wea­pons procurement system aggravates the inflationary impact of the defense budget. Virtually all military contracts include incentives for producers to hold down costs. But the incentives are poorly designed and enforced; in practice, military contracts turn out to be cost-plus. No firm that knows its customer will cover all of its costs— including guaranteed profits—will hold back on spending. The inevitable freewheeling attitude bids up the prices of the productive resourc |
10 |
| Internationally, the outflow of dol­lars resulting from U.S. military spending abroad has played a major role in undermining the value of the dollar. Over the 20-year period from the mid-1950s to the mid-1970s, the total net inflow of foreign currencies to the United States on trade (exports |
10 |
| Internationally, the outflow of dol­lars resulting from U.S. military spending abroad has played a major role in undermining the value of the dollar. Over the 20-year period from the mid-1950s to the mid-1970s, the total net inflow of foreign currencies to the United States on trade (exports |
10 |
| and imports) was nearly $49 billion. During the same period, according to Commerce Department figures, more than $54 billion flowed out of the United States for military purposes alone. Military Spending thus turned a positive trade situation into a negative overall flow, and caused dollars to pile up overseas. |
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| and imports) was nearly $49 billion. During the same period, according to Commerce Department figures, more than $54 billion flowed out of the United States for military purposes alone. Military Spending thus turned a positive trade situation into a negative overall flow, and caused dollars to pile up overseas. |
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| As with any other commodity, the “price” of a dollar (measured in other currencies) drops when the supply increases. That, in turn, makes every good imported into the United States more expensive: the price of a Toyota, for example, has risen several hundred dollars in the past year simply because more dollars are needed to equal a given number of yen. Since America imports large quantities of consumer goods—cars, television sets, shoes, and so on—the dollar’s decline con­tributes directly to the rate of in |
10 |
| As with any other commodity, the “price” of a dollar (measured in other currencies) drops when the supply increases. That, in turn, makes every good imported into the United States more expensive: the price of a Toyota, for example, has risen several hundred dollars in the past year simply because more dollars are needed to equal a given number of yen. Since America imports large quantities of consumer goods—cars, television sets, shoes, and so on—the dollar’s decline con­tributes directly to the rate of in |
10 |
| The most inflationary effect of the high U.S. defense budget is indirect: it lies in the technological deterioration of U.S. industry brought on by the arms race. Each year since the 1950s, the military budget has exceeded the after-tax profits of all U.S. corpora­tions combined. It has, thus, in effect, preempted a huge amount of the capi­tal that could have been used for pro­ductivity-increasing investments in new technology, equipment, and faci­lities. The military sector has also claimed the considerabl |
10 |
| The most inflationary effect of the high U.S. defense budget is indirect: it lies in the technological deterioration of U.S. industry brought on by the arms race. Each year since the 1950s, the military budget has exceeded the after-tax profits of all U.S. corpora­tions combined. It has, thus, in effect, preempted a huge amount of the capi­tal that could have been used for pro­ductivity-increasing investments in new technology, equipment, and faci­lities. The military sector has also claimed the considerabl |
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| technological progress into low gear. |
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| technological progress into low gear. |
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| technological progress into low gear. |
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| To be sure, engineers and scientists who are trying to solve problems re­lating to the design of nuclear war­heads or the accuracy of missile guid­ance systems occasionally come upon some bit of knowledge that is relevant to civilian production. But such an occurrence is rare, and each one is extraordinarily costly. Improving pro­ductivity in nonmilitary areas requires the concerted, continuous upgrading of production techniques, processes, and machine designs. Without im­provements in productivity, any in­ |
11 |
| To be sure, engineers and scientists who are trying to solve problems re­lating to the design of nuclear war­heads or the accuracy of missile guid­ance systems occasionally come upon some bit of knowledge that is relevant to civilian production. But such an occurrence is rare, and each one is extraordinarily costly. Improving pro­ductivity in nonmilitary areas requires the concerted, continuous upgrading of production techniques, processes, and machine designs. Without im­provements in productivity, any in­ |
11 |
| The role of military spending in these problems is not generally under­stood, but the severity of the problems themselves is widely recognized. Late last fall, Barry Bosworth, director of the Council on Wage and Price Stabi­lity, told a congressional committee, “We’re turning into the British situa­tion of the early 1970s, where they had almost no productivity growth.” (In the same testimony, Bosworth called the slowdown a “real puzzle.”) Ear­lier, the cover story of the July 3, 1978, issue of Business Week |
11 |
| The role of military spending in these problems is not generally under­stood, but the severity of the problems themselves is widely recognized. Late last fall, Barry Bosworth, director of the Council on Wage and Price Stabi­lity, told a congressional committee, “We’re turning into the British situa­tion of the early 1970s, where they had almost no productivity growth.” (In the same testimony, Bosworth called the slowdown a “real puzzle.”) Ear­lier, the cover story of the July 3, 1978, issue of Business Week |
11 |
| If the twin curses of inflation and unemployment are to be overcome, there is simply no substitute for sub­stantial cuts in military spending. Put­ting those resources to more produc­tive use, however, will require careful plans for converting defense-related plants to nonmilitary production. The mechanics of such a process are not hard to imagine. One model is pro­vided by the Defense Economic Ad­justment Act, introduced in the Senate by George McGovern (D-S.D.) and Charles Mathias (R-Md.) in Novem­ber 197 |
11 |
| If the twin curses of inflation and unemployment are to be overcome, there is simply no substitute for sub­stantial cuts in military spending. Put­ting those resources to more produc­tive use, however, will require careful plans for converting defense-related plants to nonmilitary production. The mechanics of such a process are not hard to imagine. One model is pro­vided by the Defense Economic Ad­justment Act, introduced in the Senate by George McGovern (D-S.D.) and Charles Mathias (R-Md.) in Novem­ber 197 |
11 |
| Essentially, the bill has three parts. The first establishes a Defense Eco­nomic Adjustment Council (in the executive office of the President), made up of one-third each cabinet members, representatives from non­defense business, and union represen­tatives. The council would encourage both civilian federal agencies and state and local governments to prepare con­crete plans for various nonmilitary public projects; it would pull together, in effect, a laundry list of potential government markets for any group |
11 |
| Essentially, the bill has three parts. The first establishes a Defense Eco­nomic Adjustment Council (in the executive office of the President), made up of one-third each cabinet members, representatives from non­defense business, and union represen­tatives. The council would encourage both civilian federal agencies and state and local governments to prepare con­crete plans for various nonmilitary public projects; it would pull together, in effect, a laundry list of potential government markets for any group |
11 |
| The next section of the bill would establish an “alternative use” commit­tee at every military facility of any size —bases, industrial plants, think tanks, laboratories, and so on—as a condition of eligibility for defense con­tracts. These committees—one-third each from management and labor, plus one-third from the surrounding community—would be independently funded. They would be responsible for drawing up specific conversion plans and would be entitled to all the infor­mation they needed for that purpose. |
11 |
| The next section of the bill would establish an “alternative use” commit­tee at every military facility of any size —bases, industrial plants, think tanks, laboratories, and so on—as a condition of eligibility for defense con­tracts. These committees—one-third each from management and labor, plus one-third from the surrounding community—would be independently funded. They would be responsible for drawing up specific conversion plans and would be entitled to all the infor­mation they needed for that purpose. |
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| The bill’s third section creates a “Workers’ Economic Adjustment Reserve Trust Fund,” funded by 1.25 percent of the gross revenue of every defense contract. This fund would provide any workers displaced by con­version to nonmilitary production with up to 90 percent of their first $20,000 —and 50 percent of the next $5,000— in income for a period of up to two years. It would also allow for two-year |
11 |
| The bill’s third section creates a “Workers’ Economic Adjustment Reserve Trust Fund,” funded by 1.25 percent of the gross revenue of every defense contract. This fund would provide any workers displaced by con­version to nonmilitary production with up to 90 percent of their first $20,000 —and 50 percent of the next $5,000— in income for a period of up to two years. It would also allow for two-year |
11 |
| continuation of fringe benefits like pensions. And it would provide both retraining benefits and relocation allowances for workers permanently displaced by the changeover. |
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| continuation of fringe benefits like pensions. And it would provide both retraining benefits and relocation allowances for workers permanently displaced by the changeover. |
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| Politically, of course, a bill like this one is some distance away from being passed. And conversion—in this year of a rising defense budget and the growth of organizations like the Com­mittee on the Present Danger—is not exactly the most popular issue around. Still, there are some straws in the wind. A group called Members of Congress for Peace Through Law, which includes roughly 175 Senators and Representatives (approximately one-third of each house) has estab­lished an economic conversion task force. Som |
11 |
| Politically, of course, a bill like this one is some distance away from being passed. And conversion—in this year of a rising defense budget and the growth of organizations like the Com­mittee on the Present Danger—is not exactly the most popular issue around. Still, there are some straws in the wind. A group called Members of Congress for Peace Through Law, which includes roughly 175 Senators and Representatives (approximately one-third of each house) has estab­lished an economic conversion task force. Som |
11 |
| At the grass roots, a number of acti­vist groups are keeping the issue alive. The April 1978 demonstrations aimed at converting the nuclear weapons plant at Rocky Flats, Colo., for exam­ple, brought together groups like the Clamshell Alliance, SANE, the Fellow­ship of Reconciliation, Environmental Action, and a number of religious or­ganizations. In California, the Mid­Peninsula Conversion Project, located in the heart of a dense concentration of military industry in the nation’s largest defense contracting |
11 |
| At the grass roots, a number of acti­vist groups are keeping the issue alive. The April 1978 demonstrations aimed at converting the nuclear weapons plant at Rocky Flats, Colo., for exam­ple, brought together groups like the Clamshell Alliance, SANE, the Fellow­ship of Reconciliation, Environmental Action, and a number of religious or­ganizations. In California, the Mid­Peninsula Conversion Project, located in the heart of a dense concentration of military industry in the nation’s largest defense contracting |
11 |
| Nationally, potential support for conversion of defense facilities to non­military uses may come from church groups, unions, and eventually from business itself. The June 1978 annual convention of Southern Baptists issued a call for transferring funds from “nuclear weapons to basic human needs.” (The New York Times report­ed that “the gesture was the latest in a series of signs that the disarmament issue is stirring religious leaders in evangelical circles as well as in the Roman Catholic Church and liberal |
11 |
| Nationally, potential support for conversion of defense facilities to non­military uses may come from church groups, unions, and eventually from business itself. The June 1978 annual convention of Southern Baptists issued a call for transferring funds from “nuclear weapons to basic human needs.” (The New York Times report­ed that “the gesture was the latest in a series of signs that the disarmament issue is stirring religious leaders in evangelical circles as well as in the Roman Catholic Church and liberal |
11 |
| The union interest in conversion, of course, is a direct reflection of the in­stability of most defense work. State and local officials may at some point soon see a similar interest. Even areas with high concentrations of military spending have witnessed the Defense Department’s fickleness; in spite of a record military budget last year, for example, the Pentagon announced plans to cut back another 107 military bases. Without conversion, cutbacks and contract cancellations can wreak economic havoc on a comm |
11 |
| The union interest in conversion, of course, is a direct reflection of the in­stability of most defense work. State and local officials may at some point soon see a similar interest. Even areas with high concentrations of military spending have witnessed the Defense Department’s fickleness; in spite of a record military budget last year, for example, the Pentagon announced plans to cut back another 107 military bases. Without conversion, cutbacks and contract cancellations can wreak economic havoc on a comm |
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| I KING of ROME |
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| I KING of ROME |
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| SELECTED HIGH QUALITY PRE-READ BOOKS PRINTS; OLD (LEAD) TOY SOLDIERS; MILITARIA 231-9270 |
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| SELECTED HIGH QUALITY PRE-READ BOOKS PRINTS; OLD (LEAD) TOY SOLDIERS; MILITARIA 231-9270 |
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| 8133 S.E. 13TH OLD SELLWOOD PORTLAND, OREGON 97202 |
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| 8133 S.E. 13TH OLD SELLWOOD PORTLAND, OREGON 97202 |
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| BILL MATTHEWS |
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| BILL MATTHEWS |
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| 2108 N.W. GLISAN ST. |
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| 2108 N.W. GLISAN ST. |
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| Figure |
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| RON HINCKLEY |
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| RON HINCKLEY |
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| RON HINCKLEY |
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| MATT LABADIE |
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| MATT LABADIE |
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| Figure |
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| Figure |
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| PORTLAND, OREGON 97210 phone (503) 2<48-91<42 |
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| PORTLAND, OREGON 97210 phone (503) 2<48-91<42 |
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| 27,000 jobs after the facilities were converted—though years were re­quired for the process because there had been no advance planning. |
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| 27,000 jobs after the facilities were converted—though years were re­quired for the process because there had been no advance planning. |
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| Perhaps the most important con­stituency when it comes to planning for conversion is the workers at each defense plant. The best example of worker mobilization for this purpose comes from Britain. In 1974, faced with the prospect of immediate layoffs and long-term decline, the Lucas Aerospace Shop Stewards Committee began to develop a plan for nonmili­tary production for the firm, which is Europe’s largest designer and manu­facturer of aircraft systems and equip­ment. The committee, representing all 13 trad |
11 |
| Perhaps the most important con­stituency when it comes to planning for conversion is the workers at each defense plant. The best example of worker mobilization for this purpose comes from Britain. In 1974, faced with the prospect of immediate layoffs and long-term decline, the Lucas Aerospace Shop Stewards Committee began to develop a plan for nonmili­tary production for the firm, which is Europe’s largest designer and manu­facturer of aircraft systems and equip­ment. The committee, representing all 13 trad |
11 |
| The plan includes a total of roughly 150 products. All meet a criterion of social usefulness—and many meet market standards of profitability. Among the product ranges specified in the plan are alternative energy sour­ces, medical equipment, transport systems, and braking systems. |
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| The plan includes a total of roughly 150 products. All meet a criterion of social usefulness—and many meet market standards of profitability. Among the product ranges specified in the plan are alternative energy sour­ces, medical equipment, transport systems, and braking systems. |
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| Management at first refused to dis­cuss the plan, or even to meet with the committee, on the grounds that it was not a recognized union organization. When the company announced in March 1978 that it would close several factories and lay off some 2,000 work­ers over the next two years, however, members of Parliament and other in- fluentials began to intervene. Finally, in late June of 1978, management agreed to meet with the Confederation of Shipbuilding and Engineering Unions, which had conveyed official st |
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| Management at first refused to dis­cuss the plan, or even to meet with the committee, on the grounds that it was not a recognized union organization. When the company announced in March 1978 that it would close several factories and lay off some 2,000 work­ers over the next two years, however, members of Parliament and other in- fluentials began to intervene. Finally, in late June of 1978, management agreed to meet with the Confederation of Shipbuilding and Engineering Unions, which had conveyed official st |
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| Economic conversion is a strategy for making peace possible—no more, no less. It is a hard-nosed approach, appealing to people’s self-interest as much as to their idealism. The na­tion’s economy must be relieved of the crippling burden of heavy military spending if it is to recover permanently from its present doldrums. And na­tional security will continue to be an elusive goal as long as we persist in the fantasy that we need to add ever more sophisticated weaponry to the nearly incomprehensible pile we ha |
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| Economic conversion is a strategy for making peace possible—no more, no less. It is a hard-nosed approach, appealing to people’s self-interest as much as to their idealism. The na­tion’s economy must be relieved of the crippling burden of heavy military spending if it is to recover permanently from its present doldrums. And na­tional security will continue to be an elusive goal as long as we persist in the fantasy that we need to add ever more sophisticated weaponry to the nearly incomprehensible pile we ha |
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| Lloyd J. Dumas is an associate pro­fessor of industrial and management engineering at Columbia University. Reprinted by his permission and Working Papers May-June 1979. |
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| Lloyd J. Dumas is an associate pro­fessor of industrial and management engineering at Columbia University. Reprinted by his permission and Working Papers May-June 1979. |
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| Deco 30’s and O’s collectibles and useables |
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| Deco 30’s and O’s collectibles and useables |
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| 316 SW 9th 223-0767 |
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| 316 SW 9th 223-0767 |
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| Mon.—11-7 |
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| Mon.—11-7 |
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| Tues.—closed |
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| Tues.—closed |
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| Wed.-Fri—11-7 |
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| Wed.-Fri—11-7 |
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| Sat.—2-7 |
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| Sat.—2-7 |
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| Figure |
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| ‘a state of insanity characterized by delusions of a pleasing nature |
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| ‘a state of insanity characterized by delusions of a pleasing nature |
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| ‘a state of insanity characterized by delusions of a pleasing nature |
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| eiaiLEe & eewucBB |
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| eiaiLEe & eewucBB |
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| By Joe Uris |
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| By Joe Uris |
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| Recently NBC TV did a two-hour “White Paper” on "the Middle East oil problem.” .Called No More Viet­nams But . the show assumed that we must have Mid-east oil and that we will fight for it if necessary. There was no mention of any other alternative, not even the role of economic forces and policies in those decisions. .It was as if the automotive industry, defense, or the rapacious oil companies them­selves had no piece of the action. |
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| Recently NBC TV did a two-hour “White Paper” on "the Middle East oil problem.” .Called No More Viet­nams But . the show assumed that we must have Mid-east oil and that we will fight for it if necessary. There was no mention of any other alternative, not even the role of economic forces and policies in those decisions. .It was as if the automotive industry, defense, or the rapacious oil companies them­selves had no piece of the action. |
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| The NBC White Paper did empha­size that we may not have the man­power ready to fight fast in the Mid­east. The show was about the oil crisis. But it contained, probably intention­ally, a more terrifying message: the clear call to get ready for another war. And when NBC says “we” will go to war. they mean America’s youth. And that means that the military draft will be reactivated. |
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| The NBC White Paper did empha­size that we may not have the man­power ready to fight fast in the Mid­east. The show was about the oil crisis. But it contained, probably intention­ally, a more terrifying message: the clear call to get ready for another war. And when NBC says “we” will go to war. they mean America’s youth. And that means that the military draft will be reactivated. |
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| But recent efforts beginning in March to hide a reappearance of draft registration as a rider to the defense hardware budget appropriation re­sulted in the appropriation bill (a bill that always passes), almost failing until the draft registration provision was removed. Public response and congressional outrage from the likes of Oregon’s Republican Mark Hatfield (who said he would talk in opposition all night) apparently caught pro draft hawks by surprise. |
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| But recent efforts beginning in March to hide a reappearance of draft registration as a rider to the defense hardware budget appropriation re­sulted in the appropriation bill (a bill that always passes), almost failing until the draft registration provision was removed. Public response and congressional outrage from the likes of Oregon’s Republican Mark Hatfield (who said he would talk in opposition all night) apparently caught pro draft hawks by surprise. |
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| Draft opponents come from very diverse political positions. They range from anarcho-capitalist libertarians through traditional liberals to pacifists and communists. And. judging by the enormous volume of congressional mail on the issue, a large number of Americans of all ages and beliefs op­pose the draft. Mail reportedly ran one hundred to one against the restor­ation of any form of draft registration. |
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| Draft opponents come from very diverse political positions. They range from anarcho-capitalist libertarians through traditional liberals to pacifists and communists. And. judging by the enormous volume of congressional mail on the issue, a large number of Americans of all ages and beliefs op­pose the draft. Mail reportedly ran one hundred to one against the restor­ation of any form of draft registration. |
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| Proponents of the draft and draft registration cite fear of an all-black and loser army of mercenaries like the armies of Alexander the Great and Imperial Rome. Like Rome, we have been, since World War II, using our army as a place for the unemployed and troublesome children of the streets. A draft would equalize the service burden while increasing the ranks and presumably undercutting the potential for revolutionary violence that exists in our ghettos and poverty centers today. Many liberals favor the noti |
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| Proponents of the draft and draft registration cite fear of an all-black and loser army of mercenaries like the armies of Alexander the Great and Imperial Rome. Like Rome, we have been, since World War II, using our army as a place for the unemployed and troublesome children of the streets. A draft would equalize the service burden while increasing the ranks and presumably undercutting the potential for revolutionary violence that exists in our ghettos and poverty centers today. Many liberals favor the noti |
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| Yet the draft is, in economic terms, a terrible expense. The Rand Corpora­tion suggests that a draft system will cost $50 billion, while the present sys­tem of a volunteer army costs only $300 million. |
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| Yet the draft is, in economic terms, a terrible expense. The Rand Corpora­tion suggests that a draft system will cost $50 billion, while the present sys­tem of a volunteer army costs only $300 million. |
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| Draft registration probably is not a real necessity for rapid mobilization. In fact. Robert Shuck, acting director of the Selective Service, claims that the money he gets from the Carter budget (up $3 million from last year) will allow a one-day mass registration |
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| Draft registration probably is not a real necessity for rapid mobilization. In fact. Robert Shuck, acting director of the Selective Service, claims that the money he gets from the Carter budget (up $3 million from last year) will allow a one-day mass registration |
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| Sam Still Wants You |
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| Sam Still Wants You |
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| with mobilization within ten days, and basic training started within thirty days. And the Congressional Budget Office says that by using social security and tax files, 85 percent of all eligible 20-year-old men could be delivered into basic training in twenty-five days. Both figures are well within the thirty­day minimum the defense department says it needs. It is, incidentally, un­clear why a draft would be relevant in |
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| with mobilization within ten days, and basic training started within thirty days. And the Congressional Budget Office says that by using social security and tax files, 85 percent of all eligible 20-year-old men could be delivered into basic training in twenty-five days. Both figures are well within the thirty­day minimum the defense department says it needs. It is, incidentally, un­clear why a draft would be relevant in |
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| a post-atomic-war America. |
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| a post-atomic-war America. |
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| But if the draft isn’t needed for mobilization, then it is needed to in­crease the acceptance of and readiness for a limited war in places like the Mid-east or even Africa. |
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| But if the draft isn’t needed for mobilization, then it is needed to in­crease the acceptance of and readiness for a limited war in places like the Mid-east or even Africa. |
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| The notion of a mandatory service time in youth, a donation of a year’s labor to society, is a seductive one for many people. Indeed, if there were a greater sharing of values and beliefs |
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| The notion of a mandatory service time in youth, a donation of a year’s labor to society, is a seductive one for many people. Indeed, if there were a greater sharing of values and beliefs |
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| among Americans, if it really were a government of, by, and for the people, the idea might be irresistible to some. But in what is already seen by many as an overly coercive, corrupt and choice­less society, the last thing most youths and parents want or need is a new sac­rifice. Indeed, with the tax structure doing what it does to most people, the tendency is to say, “Sorry, I already gave at work.” Really. |
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| among Americans, if it really were a government of, by, and for the people, the idea might be irresistible to some. But in what is already seen by many as an overly coercive, corrupt and choice­less society, the last thing most youths and parents want or need is a new sac­rifice. Indeed, with the tax structure doing what it does to most people, the tendency is to say, “Sorry, I already gave at work.” Really. |
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| WE BOY AND SELL RECORDS |
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| WE BOY AND SELL RECORDS |
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| Rock, jazz, blues, classical, country, etc. jfU |
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| Rock, jazz, blues, classical, country, etc. jfU |
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| We Buy Record Collections! |
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| We Buy Record Collections! |
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| BIRD SUITE |
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| BIRD SUITE |
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| BIRD'S SUITE RECORDS |
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| BIRD'S SUITE RECORDS |
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| 720 5.W. SALMON 222-3086 |
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| 720 5.W. SALMON 222-3086 |
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| 3736 S.E. HAWTHORNE 235-6224 |
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| 3736 S.E. HAWTHORNE 235-6224 |
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| Behind the Black Victory |
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| Behind the Black Victory |
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| By Kevin Mulligan |
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| By Kevin Mulligan |
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| In July, a group of parents and neighborhood people from Port­land's Black community, the Black United Front, announced that they were calling for a boycott of Port­land Public Schools by Black children unless specific changes in policy and administration were made. |
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| In July, a group of parents and neighborhood people from Port­land's Black community, the Black United Front, announced that they were calling for a boycott of Port­land Public Schools by Black children unless specific changes in policy and administration were made. |
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| The demands of the group were: |
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| The demands of the group were: |
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| — A minimum minority enroll­ment of 40 percent in schools to which Black students are bused. |
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| — A minimum minority enroll­ment of 40 percent in schools to which Black students are bused. |
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| — A requirement that white students who voluntarily transfer into early childhood education centers in the Black community will stay in the centers for all grade |
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| — A requirement that white students who voluntarily transfer into early childhood education centers in the Black community will stay in the centers for all grade |
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| levels. |
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| levels. |
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| — Establishment of two middle schools in the Black community so that Black students will have a neighborhood school to attend. |
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| — Establishment of two middle schools in the Black community so that Black students will have a neighborhood school to attend. |
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| — Establishment of a minority hiring goal of 20 percent, the same as the percentage of minority students in the 55,000 student district, for both teachers, and other staff, including administrators. |
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| — Establishment of a minority hiring goal of 20 percent, the same as the percentage of minority students in the 55,000 student district, for both teachers, and other staff, including administrators. |
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| — Establishment of goals for achievement test scores in schools involved in the desegregation plan. |
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| — Establishment of goals for achievement test scores in schools involved in the desegregation plan. |
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| — Adoption of a plan to correct unfair treatment of Black students in disciplinary practices. |
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| — Adoption of a plan to correct unfair treatment of Black students in disciplinary practices. |
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| The initial response to these charges by the school district and administrators, was to recoil, estab­ |
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| The initial response to these charges by the school district and administrators, was to recoil, estab­ |
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| lish lines of defense, and brand the Black United Front leadership “irresponsible.” This tactic didn’t work in the Black community how­ever, as parents and members of the public were quite aware that BUF leadership and membership included ministers, educators, business people, community organ­izers, and the like. |
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| lish lines of defense, and brand the Black United Front leadership “irresponsible.” This tactic didn’t work in the Black community how­ever, as parents and members of the public were quite aware that BUF leadership and membership included ministers, educators, business people, community organ­izers, and the like. |
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| It soon became apparent that the Portland School Board would have to confront, and change its de­segregation plan and policies, or face the first major school boycott in Portland’s history. As the issues developed, it became more and more clear that the BUF was justi­fied in their complaints, correct in their assessment of where changes |
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| It soon became apparent that the Portland School Board would have to confront, and change its de­segregation plan and policies, or face the first major school boycott in Portland’s history. As the issues developed, it became more and more clear that the BUF was justi­fied in their complaints, correct in their assessment of where changes |
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| needed to be made, and very deter­mined that there would be a school boycott if progress wasn't made by the start of the school year. |
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| needed to be made, and very deter­mined that there would be a school boycott if progress wasn't made by the start of the school year. |
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| After a marathon two day session of the School Board in late August, the following policy and administra­tive changes were offered: |
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| After a marathon two day session of the School Board in late August, the following policy and administra­tive changes were offered: |
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| — Establish at least one, and possibly two, middle schools in the Black community. |
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| — Establish at least one, and possibly two, middle schools in the Black community. |
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| — Establish school clusters for conducting integration programs. |
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| — Establish school clusters for conducting integration programs. |
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| — Require teachers and admin­istrators in the clusters to learn about Black history and culture. |
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| — Require teachers and admin­istrators in the clusters to learn about Black history and culture. |
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| — Establish a curriculum to en­hance the “self-worth and cultural identity ’' of Black students. |
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| — Establish a curriculum to en­hance the “self-worth and cultural identity ’' of Black students. |
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| — Hire a personnel director with |
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| — Hire a personnel director with |
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| an interest in employing more minority staff. |
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| an interest in employing more minority staff. |
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| These changes were, voted upon, and passed, by the Black United Front at a mass meeting at the King Neighborhood Facility. |
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| These changes were, voted upon, and passed, by the Black United Front at a mass meeting at the King Neighborhood Facility. |
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| One of the major forces behind this effort was Bonnie Herndon, who, with Reverend John Jackson, is BUF co-chairman. Herndon has been a Portlander since 1970. He is the director of the Black Educational Center and is active in child care programs and early childhood edu­cation. He is married and the father of two children. |
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| One of the major forces behind this effort was Bonnie Herndon, who, with Reverend John Jackson, is BUF co-chairman. Herndon has been a Portlander since 1970. He is the director of the Black Educational Center and is active in child care programs and early childhood edu­cation. He is married and the father of two children. |
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| Ronnie was a leader in a Black student demonstration and strike at Reed college in 1970. That move­ment resulted in the establishment of a Black Studies Program at Reed. Previously. Herndon was a com­munity organizer in Harlem, and has been involved in numerous political and social battles concerning Black rights and freedom. |
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| Ronnie was a leader in a Black student demonstration and strike at Reed college in 1970. That move­ment resulted in the establishment of a Black Studies Program at Reed. Previously. Herndon was a com­munity organizer in Harlem, and has been involved in numerous political and social battles concerning Black rights and freedom. |
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| The following interview happened on September 7, 1979, at the Hughes Memorial Church day care facility in Northeast Portland. |
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| The following interview happened on September 7, 1979, at the Hughes Memorial Church day care facility in Northeast Portland. |
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| Quarterly: After 18 months of study, do you think the Community Condi­tion for School Integration recommen­dations were stronger than the school board expected, or wanted; and did this help set the stage for the Black United Front’s action? |
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| Quarterly: After 18 months of study, do you think the Community Condi­tion for School Integration recommen­dations were stronger than the school board expected, or wanted; and did this help set the stage for the Black United Front’s action? |
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| Herndon: I think they were stronger. I think they were more thorough, and they were better documented than the school board wanted or had expected. I heir findings were invaluable to us because their research was extensive. Some of the areas they pointed out were critical. We were able to use that information and organize. We were very appreciative and thankful for the work the coalition did. |
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| Herndon: I think they were stronger. I think they were more thorough, and they were better documented than the school board wanted or had expected. I heir findings were invaluable to us because their research was extensive. Some of the areas they pointed out were critical. We were able to use that information and organize. We were very appreciative and thankful for the work the coalition did. |
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| Quarterly: I'd like you to elaborate on how the Blanchard-Newman Schools for the Seventies plan was systematic discrimination. Specifically, the areas of gerrymandering, the use of the Early Education Centers, and I'd like you to elaborate on what had gone on at Jeff and at Adams to de­value their academic programs. |
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| Quarterly: I'd like you to elaborate on how the Blanchard-Newman Schools for the Seventies plan was systematic discrimination. Specifically, the areas of gerrymandering, the use of the Early Education Centers, and I'd like you to elaborate on what had gone on at Jeff and at Adams to de­value their academic programs. |
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| Herndon: The. . . Schools for the Seventies plan said two things: one, they were going to move towards hav­ing middle schools that cover sixth, seventh and eighth grades; and two, they were going to start early child­ |
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| Herndon: The. . . Schools for the Seventies plan said two things: one, they were going to move towards hav­ing middle schools that cover sixth, seventh and eighth grades; and two, they were going to start early child­ |
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| hood centers that would go from three, four, five-year-old children up through kindergarten. The way they went about doing this was that they set up early childhood centers in almost all the schools in the black community, strongly recruited white parents to send their children to those schools, to the point that black parents in the neighborhood often were excluded from taking advantage of the child­hood centers. |
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| hood centers that would go from three, four, five-year-old children up through kindergarten. The way they went about doing this was that they set up early childhood centers in almost all the schools in the black community, strongly recruited white parents to send their children to those schools, to the point that black parents in the neighborhood often were excluded from taking advantage of the child­hood centers. |
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| Quarterly: What did they do to re­cruit white students? |
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| Quarterly: What did they do to re­cruit white students? |
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| Herndon: Oh, they went out and built the program up in the white com­munity, talked about services that it would offer to the child. I think Dr. |
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| Herndon: Oh, they went out and built the program up in the white com­munity, talked about services that it would offer to the child. I think Dr. |
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| The point is that for the first time this community had a choice of where its children will go to school. |
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| The point is that for the first time this community had a choice of where its children will go to school. |
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| | Robert] Blanchard [Portland Schools Superintendent] himself sent his child to a program at Elliott School, so they used all the. . .all of the resources they had at their command to sell this pro­gram in the white community. While they were doing that, they cut out the upper grades in all of the schools in the black community. |
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| | Robert] Blanchard [Portland Schools Superintendent] himself sent his child to a program at Elliott School, so they used all the. . .all of the resources they had at their command to sell this pro­gram in the white community. While they were doing that, they cut out the upper grades in all of the schools in the black community. |
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| So they put black people in the position of having to bus their children if they wanted them to continue re­ceiving public school education. Once the children were bused out, the par­ents had to sign a form which said they would keep their children in the feeder pattern, which meant if they went to a grade school that was near Wilson High School, if they were bused to a grade for that particular grade school, then they would have to attend Wilson High School. If they were bused to a grade school that was ne |
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| So they put black people in the position of having to bus their children if they wanted them to continue re­ceiving public school education. Once the children were bused out, the par­ents had to sign a form which said they would keep their children in the feeder pattern, which meant if they went to a grade school that was near Wilson High School, if they were bused to a grade for that particular grade school, then they would have to attend Wilson High School. If they were bused to a grade school that was ne |
14 |
| White parents who brought their children into the early childhood cen­ters never had to sign a form like that. |
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| White parents who brought their children into the early childhood cen­ters never had to sign a form like that. |
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| Systematically, they would take ad­vantage of the program for the pre­school portion of the experience. Once their children finished pre-school, they sent them right back to their same community so you would have to spe­cifically show that at the pre-school level approximately 50, 60, 70 percent of the students, let’s say 60 percent of the students were white in these early childhood centers, but after the first grade.. . the percentage would drop dramatically, and you would find that only 30 percent are wh |
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| Systematically, they would take ad­vantage of the program for the pre­school portion of the experience. Once their children finished pre-school, they sent them right back to their same community so you would have to spe­cifically show that at the pre-school level approximately 50, 60, 70 percent of the students, let’s say 60 percent of the students were white in these early childhood centers, but after the first grade.. . the percentage would drop dramatically, and you would find that only 30 percent are wh |
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| White parents were given the option of sending their children to these schools, whereas black parents were |
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| White parents were given the option of sending their children to these schools, whereas black parents were |
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| forced to bus their children out and did not have the alternative of bringing them back to neighborhood schools. |
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| forced to bus their children out and did not have the alternative of bringing them back to neighborhood schools. |
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| So that was part of this Schools for the Seventies plan. Another part was the middle schools. They never de­signed or set up a middle school in the black community so you had the same problem, black parents who wanted their children to continue getting the public school education [had to have them bused out to middle schools]. So those were parts of their Schools for the Seventies plan that affected the black community in a detrimental manner. |
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| So that was part of this Schools for the Seventies plan. Another part was the middle schools. They never de­signed or set up a middle school in the black community so you had the same problem, black parents who wanted their children to continue getting the public school education [had to have them bused out to middle schools]. So those were parts of their Schools for the Seventies plan that affected the black community in a detrimental manner. |
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| Quarterly: Okay, what happened at Jeff? |
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| Quarterly: Okay, what happened at Jeff? |
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| Herndon: In 1977, I think it was, [Jonathan] Newman [former School Board member] said that he was con­cerned about the number of black children that were going to Jeff. His proposal was that the black population at Jefferson High School would never be more than 25 percent of Jefferson. The way he was going to accomplish this. . .would require that parents of children who attended Boise and, I think, Humboldt, would have to have their children bused out to high schools out of their community. |
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| Herndon: In 1977, I think it was, [Jonathan] Newman [former School Board member] said that he was con­cerned about the number of black children that were going to Jeff. His proposal was that the black population at Jefferson High School would never be more than 25 percent of Jefferson. The way he was going to accomplish this. . .would require that parents of children who attended Boise and, I think, Humboldt, would have to have their children bused out to high schools out of their community. |
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| When that plan surfaced the black community rose up, because they would not be able to send their chil­dren to their closest high school. From that developed the interest of other organizations, which led to the forma­tion of the Coalition. But that was their plan for Jefferson, to limit the number of black children who could by board policy attend it. |
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| When that plan surfaced the black community rose up, because they would not be able to send their chil­dren to their closest high school. From that developed the interest of other organizations, which led to the forma­tion of the Coalition. But that was their plan for Jefferson, to limit the number of black children who could by board policy attend it. |
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| Quarterly: At ihat time, I was sur­prised that the ground swell happened so slowly because it seemed such a systematically racist thing to do. To say, “Okay, we’re going to do this to Jeff, and then, for the first time in 15 years, we’re going to put money into Jeff, and we’re going to put it in in such a way as to attract kids from all over the city and strip away the cultu­ral background that existed at Jeff.” |
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| Quarterly: At ihat time, I was sur­prised that the ground swell happened so slowly because it seemed such a systematically racist thing to do. To say, “Okay, we’re going to do this to Jeff, and then, for the first time in 15 years, we’re going to put money into Jeff, and we’re going to put it in in such a way as to attract kids from all over the city and strip away the cultu­ral background that existed at Jeff.” |
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| Herndon: I think the reason that it may have appeared that reaction was slow, was because for so many years in Portland black leadership had been bought off, and you had a situation where, for some length of time, the man that was the head of the NAACP was also working for the school district. |
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| Herndon: I think the reason that it may have appeared that reaction was slow, was because for so many years in Portland black leadership had been bought off, and you had a situation where, for some length of time, the man that was the head of the NAACP was also working for the school district. |
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| You had a situation where your major... some of your traditional organizations that you had looked to to provide a direction for a long time, did not speak out on issues. So people did not have, as in other cities, leaders or organizations that they could go to and depend upon to lead the struggle around an issue. So what you have are people feeling their own way, you know, and not having done this be­fore, not really knowing how to do it, maybe not having ever organized any kind of protest movement, but kn |
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| You had a situation where your major... some of your traditional organizations that you had looked to to provide a direction for a long time, did not speak out on issues. So people did not have, as in other cities, leaders or organizations that they could go to and depend upon to lead the struggle around an issue. So what you have are people feeling their own way, you know, and not having done this be­fore, not really knowing how to do it, maybe not having ever organized any kind of protest movement, but kn |
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| To me, the miraculous point in all of this is that even without having that kind of experience in the past, not having had strong leadership, the people in the community were able to launch the kind of protest that they did. To me, that’s miraculous, given the kind of experience that they didn’t have, and it just shows the kind of courage that the people in the commu­nity do have, even without having had the experience, having had leadership that could be counted upon to come out and rally around a certain |
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| To me, the miraculous point in all of this is that even without having that kind of experience in the past, not having had strong leadership, the people in the community were able to launch the kind of protest that they did. To me, that’s miraculous, given the kind of experience that they didn’t have, and it just shows the kind of courage that the people in the commu­nity do have, even without having had the experience, having had leadership that could be counted upon to come out and rally around a certain |
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| Figure |
15 |
| the Coalition was launched off of: black parents who came out and said, “No, we don’t want this. This is unfair.” |
15 |
| the Coalition was launched off of: black parents who came out and said, “No, we don’t want this. This is unfair.” |
15 |
| This is how the Coalition got started. That’s what led to the formation, one reason that led to the formation of the Black United Front, so I think that’s the reason why it appeared as if the initial protest was not inclusive of large numbers of people, or it may not have been as loud as many expected. |
15 |
| This is how the Coalition got started. That’s what led to the formation, one reason that led to the formation of the Black United Front, so I think that’s the reason why it appeared as if the initial protest was not inclusive of large numbers of people, or it may not have been as loud as many expected. |
15 |
| Quarterly: As far as your own per­sonal background, it seems to me, as one of the leaders of the Black United Front, you were perhaps more politi­cally advanced, had more organizing skills from college and from other activities. Do you see this as one of the driving forces behind it, or do you think the black community was ready to move, and you served as simply a catalyst. |
15 |
| Quarterly: As far as your own per­sonal background, it seems to me, as one of the leaders of the Black United Front, you were perhaps more politi­cally advanced, had more organizing skills from college and from other activities. Do you see this as one of the driving forces behind it, or do you think the black community was ready to move, and you served as simply a catalyst. |
15 |
| Herndon: It’s been my contention that the community is... at that point. I mean, ever since I’ve been in Port­land I’ve always felt that the black community was ready to move. There were a lot of forces at work that pre­vented that from happening very... very systematically. They made certain moves and presented certain people who would keep the community from moving. |
15 |
| Herndon: It’s been my contention that the community is... at that point. I mean, ever since I’ve been in Port­land I’ve always felt that the black community was ready to move. There were a lot of forces at work that pre­vented that from happening very... very systematically. They made certain moves and presented certain people who would keep the community from moving. |
15 |
| I’ve always had a tremendous amount of confidence in the feelings of common people in this community, that they wanted life to be much better for themselves and their children, and that was reflected in, I think, a lot of things people have seen. But getting to your question directly, the Black United Front was formed over a year ago, and the feeling... people had organizing skills and skills in other areas; analytical skills, research skills, but I don’t think that myself, person­ally, I don’t think that t |
15 |
| I’ve always had a tremendous amount of confidence in the feelings of common people in this community, that they wanted life to be much better for themselves and their children, and that was reflected in, I think, a lot of things people have seen. But getting to your question directly, the Black United Front was formed over a year ago, and the feeling... people had organizing skills and skills in other areas; analytical skills, research skills, but I don’t think that myself, person­ally, I don’t think that t |
15 |
| Quarterly: In response to that, a couple of things. Why after such a long time did the black community come out in such a point of militancy? After being dormant, after being generally regarded as conservative, to |
15 |
| Quarterly: In response to that, a couple of things. Why after such a long time did the black community come out in such a point of militancy? After being dormant, after being generally regarded as conservative, to |
15 |
| go from that to a point where it’s either this or the boycott. Why did the Black United Front take so long to surface in your first news conference? What was going on from a year ago when it was conceived to three months, four months ago when it was an­nounced? |
15 |
| go from that to a point where it’s either this or the boycott. Why did the Black United Front take so long to surface in your first news conference? What was going on from a year ago when it was conceived to three months, four months ago when it was an­nounced? |
15 |
| Herndon: 1 don’t think the com­munity is conservative. I think leader­ship has been conservative, and that’s the image the community has been given through leadership that often was not chosen by people in the com­munity, and often did not reflect the interest of the community. So I don’t think the community was conservative. I think that if you look at certain is­sues that developed over the past few |
15 |
| Herndon: 1 don’t think the com­munity is conservative. I think leader­ship has been conservative, and that’s the image the community has been given through leadership that often was not chosen by people in the com­munity, and often did not reflect the interest of the community. So I don’t think the community was conservative. I think that if you look at certain is­sues that developed over the past few |
15 |
| I think primarily it was just the pressure that the black community was putting on everybody that led to the changes that were made. |
15 |
| I think primarily it was just the pressure that the black community was putting on everybody that led to the changes that were made. |
15 |
| years, the reaction to the proposed Nordstrom project, you see people come out in opposition to it. The reac­tion to when three or four black men were killed by the police a few years ago. I think about 300 or 400 people came... went to the inquest, of Ricky Johnson.... |
15 |
| years, the reaction to the proposed Nordstrom project, you see people come out in opposition to it. The reac­tion to when three or four black men were killed by the police a few years ago. I think about 300 or 400 people came... went to the inquest, of Ricky Johnson.... |
15 |
| People are willing to do that be­cause you are talking about their very lives, the lives of their children, and their children mean as much to them as they mean to anybody else, and they’re willing to fight for them and also fight for other issues that affect them in the city. It’s just that in the past, leadership has not tried to har­ness that energy as much. In some cases they had done all they could to try to misdirect it. |
15 |
| People are willing to do that be­cause you are talking about their very lives, the lives of their children, and their children mean as much to them as they mean to anybody else, and they’re willing to fight for them and also fight for other issues that affect them in the city. It’s just that in the past, leadership has not tried to har­ness that energy as much. In some cases they had done all they could to try to misdirect it. |
15 |
| So in the second part of your ques­tion about the Black United Front, given the situation in Portland, you want to try to create an organization that is going to successfully counter the trend that has gone on for maybe 20 years; it’s going to take a lot of study, a lot of research, a lot of ham­mering out of issues, tactics and pro­cedures, and we think it was well worth the year, the year spent doing that, given what we’ve been able to do |
15 |
| So in the second part of your ques­tion about the Black United Front, given the situation in Portland, you want to try to create an organization that is going to successfully counter the trend that has gone on for maybe 20 years; it’s going to take a lot of study, a lot of research, a lot of ham­mering out of issues, tactics and pro­cedures, and we think it was well worth the year, the year spent doing that, given what we’ve been able to do |
15 |
| on the issue of education. It was a year well spent. |
15 |
| on the issue of education. It was a year well spent. |
15 |
| Quarterly: How did you and Rev­erend Jackson get together, and how, given that kind of background of con­servative religious leadership, how did so much black religious leadership come about to support a boycott? |
15 |
| Quarterly: How did you and Rev­erend Jackson get together, and how, given that kind of background of con­servative religious leadership, how did so much black religious leadership come about to support a boycott? |
15 |
| Herndon: Well, again I don't think that the leadership among the minis­ters was really conservative. It’s just based upon my contact with the minis­ters since I’ve been here. When I first got here, a year after I first got here, you had the Roosevelt boycott. Well, there were ministers that were involved in that. A school was set up for Roose­velt students, and I’m sure there was a lot of help from ministers. |
15 |
| Herndon: Well, again I don't think that the leadership among the minis­ters was really conservative. It’s just based upon my contact with the minis­ters since I’ve been here. When I first got here, a year after I first got here, you had the Roosevelt boycott. Well, there were ministers that were involved in that. A school was set up for Roose­velt students, and I’m sure there was a lot of help from ministers. |
15 |
| Ministers don’t want to get burned anymore than anybody else, and they’re not going to step out on the issue unless they can see that people are sincere, that people who are be­hind it are motivated for good reasons, not for personal reasons, and I think that’s been their reluctance in the past. Oftentimes they really couldn’t tell, you know, what is this issue, and the people that are involved in it; are they sincere? Because if I’m going to speak on it, then automatically it gives the impression that I’m |
15 |
| Ministers don’t want to get burned anymore than anybody else, and they’re not going to step out on the issue unless they can see that people are sincere, that people who are be­hind it are motivated for good reasons, not for personal reasons, and I think that’s been their reluctance in the past. Oftentimes they really couldn’t tell, you know, what is this issue, and the people that are involved in it; are they sincere? Because if I’m going to speak on it, then automatically it gives the impression that I’m |
15 |
| Quarterly: Let’s talk about Rever­ |
15 |
| Quarterly: Let’s talk about Rever­ |
15 |
| end Jackson specifically. How did you two get together, and how did he come into the Black United Front? |
15 |
| end Jackson specifically. How did you two get together, and how did he come into the Black United Front? |
15 |
| Herndon: Well, I’ve known Rever­end Jackson, known of him, I guess, since. . .1971, I think, or '70, when I first met him, and I had a lot of re­spect for him, and he’s always been involved in the community and in Loaves and Fishes at his church. He was one of the first people, I think, that spoke out against the busing pro­gram when Blanchard initiated it, and he’s taken a stand against oppression of black people in South Africa. |
15 |
| Herndon: Well, I’ve known Rever­end Jackson, known of him, I guess, since. . .1971, I think, or '70, when I first met him, and I had a lot of re­spect for him, and he’s always been involved in the community and in Loaves and Fishes at his church. He was one of the first people, I think, that spoke out against the busing pro­gram when Blanchard initiated it, and he’s taken a stand against oppression of black people in South Africa. |
15 |
| When you're trying to organize to effect any kind of change, those are the kinds of people that logically you’d want to get together, people who have a history of being involved and work to better the conditions of people in the community. We met through some other child care programs. |
15 |
| When you're trying to organize to effect any kind of change, those are the kinds of people that logically you’d want to get together, people who have a history of being involved and work to better the conditions of people in the community. We met through some other child care programs. |
15 |
| I do have a great deal of respect for what he’s done for the community, and as president of the NAACP, he took a stance on the visit of the South African ambassador. He signed a let­ter and spoke against it, which is something that that organization hadn’t done before he become presi­dent. And he could be counted upon. He got the NAACP involved in a law­suit against the state about how it was spending its economic development money. So I think he has the consis­tent record of championing causes that black p |
15 |
| I do have a great deal of respect for what he’s done for the community, and as president of the NAACP, he took a stance on the visit of the South African ambassador. He signed a let­ter and spoke against it, which is something that that organization hadn’t done before he become presi­dent. And he could be counted upon. He got the NAACP involved in a law­suit against the state about how it was spending its economic development money. So I think he has the consis­tent record of championing causes that black p |
15 |
| Quarterly: Let’s turn in another direction. What’s the current status of the Black United Front? Where do you think you’ll be looking next? |
15 |
| Quarterly: Let’s turn in another direction. What’s the current status of the Black United Front? Where do you think you’ll be looking next? |
15 |
| Herndon: I think you have to con­solidate whatever gains that we have made. Pull together people who have worked hard. Develop a structure that will allow you to address different issues and do this in the same way as was done with the area of education. Decide what moves you want to make to accomplish the goals; assess your strength, and assess the strength of those that you’re going to have to come up against. I think those are steps we have to take. One, solidify the organi­zation; two, restructure it so |
15 |
| Herndon: I think you have to con­solidate whatever gains that we have made. Pull together people who have worked hard. Develop a structure that will allow you to address different issues and do this in the same way as was done with the area of education. Decide what moves you want to make to accomplish the goals; assess your strength, and assess the strength of those that you’re going to have to come up against. I think those are steps we have to take. One, solidify the organi­zation; two, restructure it so |
15 |
| Quarterly: After what I think would politically be seen as a solid victory, which happened without you even having to show your cards, really, it seems to me that it’s going to take a lot of organizing to prepare a black |
15 |
| Quarterly: After what I think would politically be seen as a solid victory, which happened without you even having to show your cards, really, it seems to me that it’s going to take a lot of organizing to prepare a black |
15 |
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| political force for that kind of consoli­dation, for those future victories, given the fact that you’re going to lose some, and you won this one without showing your strength. Next time how are you going to be prepared to do that again and in what areas? I know at the last Black United Front meeting, you talked about economic issues. I’d like you to elaborate on that. |
16 |
| political force for that kind of consoli­dation, for those future victories, given the fact that you’re going to lose some, and you won this one without showing your strength. Next time how are you going to be prepared to do that again and in what areas? I know at the last Black United Front meeting, you talked about economic issues. I’d like you to elaborate on that. |
16 |
| Herndon: Well, I’ll try to tackle the first part of your question. I think although we did not have to put the cards down on the table, everybody saw what we were holding in our hands. Any time you have a religious community solidly behind your pro­gram; any time you have major black organizations solidly behind your pro­gram; and any time you can consis­tently have 200 people at a meeting over a series of weeks; and that’s never happened in this community before; people knew that you weren’t just bluffing |
16 |
| Herndon: Well, I’ll try to tackle the first part of your question. I think although we did not have to put the cards down on the table, everybody saw what we were holding in our hands. Any time you have a religious community solidly behind your pro­gram; any time you have major black organizations solidly behind your pro­gram; and any time you can consis­tently have 200 people at a meeting over a series of weeks; and that’s never happened in this community before; people knew that you weren’t just bluffing |
16 |
| So I don’t think it was a bluff. I don't think those people on the other side of the table perceived it as a bluff, and I don’t think it will be that diffi­cult to pull people together. Again, you have to look at why you were suc­cessful. The issue has got to be very clear. You have to have people who are willing to go out and go from door to door and talk to people about the issue. You have to make sure that you do everything you possibly can to ex­plain the issue. |
16 |
| So I don’t think it was a bluff. I don't think those people on the other side of the table perceived it as a bluff, and I don’t think it will be that diffi­cult to pull people together. Again, you have to look at why you were suc­cessful. The issue has got to be very clear. You have to have people who are willing to go out and go from door to door and talk to people about the issue. You have to make sure that you do everything you possibly can to ex­plain the issue. |
16 |
| 1 think that if we do that, use that same formula, the community can have more successes.... Your num­bers are not that important. I think as long as you know that at any crucial, or important, moment that you can bring the numbers out. Most political parties on a day-to-day or month-to- month functioning, don’t have large numbers of people come to meetings. But on those crucial days when it’s time to deliver the vote, that’s when you make sure you can get the troops out. and I see us as being the same way. |
16 |
| 1 think that if we do that, use that same formula, the community can have more successes.... Your num­bers are not that important. I think as long as you know that at any crucial, or important, moment that you can bring the numbers out. Most political parties on a day-to-day or month-to- month functioning, don’t have large numbers of people come to meetings. But on those crucial days when it’s time to deliver the vote, that’s when you make sure you can get the troops out. and I see us as being the same way. |
16 |
| Quarterly: Your reference to eco­nomic issues that you think the Black United Front has got to get onto, what did you mean by that, and what ex­amples can you give? |
16 |
| Quarterly: Your reference to eco­nomic issues that you think the Black United Front has got to get onto, what did you mean by that, and what ex­amples can you give? |
16 |
| Herndon: Well, the one that we talked about the most is the fact that the city received $12,000,000 of eco­nomic development money. That’s an example of why we have to be so closely involved with economics in the city. That’s just one area. You can talk about a spinoff on that: jobs. Looking at the unemployment rate of black people. It’s horrendous; mak­ing sure that we are able to get work in any industry without being dis­ |
16 |
| Herndon: Well, the one that we talked about the most is the fact that the city received $12,000,000 of eco­nomic development money. That’s an example of why we have to be so closely involved with economics in the city. That’s just one area. You can talk about a spinoff on that: jobs. Looking at the unemployment rate of black people. It’s horrendous; mak­ing sure that we are able to get work in any industry without being dis­ |
16 |
| criminated against; to make sure that businesses in our community hire black people. |
16 |
| criminated against; to make sure that businesses in our community hire black people. |
16 |
| Look at industries, white industries right around in this community that don’t have anybody black working in there, where you don’t find that in other areas of town. I mean, it’s un­usual to find a business in a white area of town where you would have all black people working. That’s very, very unusual. |
16 |
| Look at industries, white industries right around in this community that don’t have anybody black working in there, where you don’t find that in other areas of town. I mean, it’s un­usual to find a business in a white area of town where you would have all black people working. That’s very, very unusual. |
16 |
| Look at them and see what they are doing when discrimination cases come up and will continue to come up. Look at the whole area of economics. Devel­oping businesses in this community that function for the interests of the black community. |
16 |
| Look at them and see what they are doing when discrimination cases come up and will continue to come up. Look at the whole area of economics. Devel­oping businesses in this community that function for the interests of the black community. |
16 |
| You cannot ever depend upon anyone else except yourself when it comes time for you to try to gain your freedom. |
16 |
| You cannot ever depend upon anyone else except yourself when it comes time for you to try to gain your freedom. |
16 |
| Make sure that low-cost housing is available for people in the community. Make sure that if you are going to have housing, look at cooperative housing so that the only shift of the land remains with people in the com­munity. Then the motive is not so much of making profit but providing good services. Look at the whole area of food supply. Where does it come from? Who controls it? Is it possible to set up a whole series of food co-ops that provide excellent food for people in the community at low prices? Loo |
16 |
| Make sure that low-cost housing is available for people in the community. Make sure that if you are going to have housing, look at cooperative housing so that the only shift of the land remains with people in the com­munity. Then the motive is not so much of making profit but providing good services. Look at the whole area of food supply. Where does it come from? Who controls it? Is it possible to set up a whole series of food co-ops that provide excellent food for people in the community at low prices? Loo |
16 |
| Quarterly: How can that be inter­preted in terms of political action, given the fact that just talking about those few issues we brought up: the Department of Energy, the Portland Development Commission, hospitals and health care industry. You know, you don’t have the single school board target when you begin talking about the economic issues, job development issues and those other things. How can that be interpreted as a political action especially in a town like Portland that’s so weird politically? You d |
16 |
| Quarterly: How can that be inter­preted in terms of political action, given the fact that just talking about those few issues we brought up: the Department of Energy, the Portland Development Commission, hospitals and health care industry. You know, you don’t have the single school board target when you begin talking about the economic issues, job development issues and those other things. How can that be interpreted as a political action especially in a town like Portland that’s so weird politically? You d |
16 |
| because they can split up the vote all over town. The same with poor whites in Southeast Portland. Who the hell represents them? Mildred Schwab? I don’t know. But how can that be inter­preted into a political action that the Black United Front can call upon attacking such a vast area? |
16 |
| because they can split up the vote all over town. The same with poor whites in Southeast Portland. Who the hell represents them? Mildred Schwab? I don’t know. But how can that be inter­preted into a political action that the Black United Front can call upon attacking such a vast area? |
16 |
| Herndon: Well, you have to pick your areas very carefully. You can’t attack them all at one time. You pick .. . find out which one is most crucial and pick one you can bring the most weight to bear on at one particular time and then go after it. |
16 |
| Herndon: Well, you have to pick your areas very carefully. You can’t attack them all at one time. You pick .. . find out which one is most crucial and pick one you can bring the most weight to bear on at one particular time and then go after it. |
16 |
| Quarterly: Could you cite an exam­ple of what you think that would be in the next six months? |
16 |
| Quarterly: Could you cite an exam­ple of what you think that would be in the next six months? |
16 |
| Herndon: I’m not sure. A lot of |
16 |
| Herndon: I’m not sure. A lot of |
16 |
| people talked about police/commu- nity relations. We’ve got a lot of com­plaints about that. |
16 |
| people talked about police/commu- nity relations. We’ve got a lot of com­plaints about that. |
16 |
| Quarterly: Such as what? |
16 |
| Quarterly: Such as what? |
16 |
| Herndon: People being harassed by the police, called names, stopped for no apparent reason, not even giving a ticket. |
16 |
| Herndon: People being harassed by the police, called names, stopped for no apparent reason, not even giving a ticket. |
16 |
| Quarterly: Okay, so you’re talking about police harassment. |
16 |
| Quarterly: Okay, so you’re talking about police harassment. |
16 |
| Herndon: Yeah, that’s something a lot of people have complained about. It’s not unusual. Apparently it’s not unusual at all for people to be stopped for no infraction and then just to be questioned and questioned and ques­tioned, and we’ve got cases where women and men have been called out of their cars and referred to in very, very racist language. Many people are extremely upset about that, and I think that’s something tfiat can be changed. There are a couple of cases where people have been beat up by the |
16 |
| Herndon: Yeah, that’s something a lot of people have complained about. It’s not unusual. Apparently it’s not unusual at all for people to be stopped for no infraction and then just to be questioned and questioned and ques­tioned, and we’ve got cases where women and men have been called out of their cars and referred to in very, very racist language. Many people are extremely upset about that, and I think that’s something tfiat can be changed. There are a couple of cases where people have been beat up by the |
16 |
| Quarterly: They filed charges? |
16 |
| Quarterly: They filed charges? |
16 |
| Herndon: Right. A case that ap­peared in the local paper about four or five weeks ago, this old woman was stopped by the police, and they ha­rassed her, threw her pocketbook down on the ground. So it seems as if among some of the police there’s a pattern of harassment and intimida­tion, and I think that’s something that can be changed. So, marshal your forces, decide how you’re going to move on that, and go into action. |
16 |
| Herndon: Right. A case that ap­peared in the local paper about four or five weeks ago, this old woman was stopped by the police, and they ha­rassed her, threw her pocketbook down on the ground. So it seems as if among some of the police there’s a pattern of harassment and intimida­tion, and I think that’s something that can be changed. So, marshal your forces, decide how you’re going to move on that, and go into action. |
16 |
| Quarterly: Did you experience any harassment after you became in the news, as it were, from the school issue? |
16 |
| Quarterly: Did you experience any harassment after you became in the news, as it were, from the school issue? |
16 |
| Herndon: Well, there was, and we |
16 |
| Herndon: Well, there was, and we |
16 |
| ha-ve never been specific about it, but there were members of the \ Black United Front who did receive death threats, and we have never been speci­fic about individuals because we felt that to do so might just attract more attention from members of the lunatic fringe. So members of the organiza­tion have received death threats. |
16 |
| ha-ve never been specific about it, but there were members of the \ Black United Front who did receive death threats, and we have never been speci­fic about individuals because we felt that to do so might just attract more attention from members of the lunatic fringe. So members of the organiza­tion have received death threats. |
16 |
| Quarterly: Did any members of the organization receive any harassment from police? |
16 |
| Quarterly: Did any members of the organization receive any harassment from police? |
16 |
| Herndon: No. |
16 |
| Herndon: No. |
16 |
| Quarterly: What about the goals and the organization of the Inner Northeast Economic Council? Can you comment on that and whether you think the Black United Front could be able to work with or towards a goal like that and with an organization like that? |
16 |
| Quarterly: What about the goals and the organization of the Inner Northeast Economic Council? Can you comment on that and whether you think the Black United Front could be able to work with or towards a goal like that and with an organization like that? |
16 |
| Herndon: Okay, the Black United Front has not taken a position on the Inner-Northeast Economic Develope- ment Council. I can say personally that’s exactly the kind of organization­al development that I am opposed to because it was set up directly by the mayor. The people on it were selected by the mayor. The community had nothing to do with the selection of the people involved. I think the whole thrust of the Black United Front up to this point has said that the community will develop its own leadership and |
16 |
| Herndon: Okay, the Black United Front has not taken a position on the Inner-Northeast Economic Develope- ment Council. I can say personally that’s exactly the kind of organization­al development that I am opposed to because it was set up directly by the mayor. The people on it were selected by the mayor. The community had nothing to do with the selection of the people involved. I think the whole thrust of the Black United Front up to this point has said that the community will develop its own leadership and |
16 |
| Quarterly: What about the goals of the Inner Northeast Economic Devel­opment Commission as far as a light industrial site somewhere in the north­east, redevelopment of Union Avenue, creating jobs which are intended to employ blacks? |
16 |
| Quarterly: What about the goals of the Inner Northeast Economic Devel­opment Commission as far as a light industrial site somewhere in the north­east, redevelopment of Union Avenue, creating jobs which are intended to employ blacks? |
16 |
| Herndon: Oh, I think all of those should be discussed with the entire community so those people get some feeling about what redevelopment of Union Avenue means. Redevelopment for who? Does that mean that it is going to positively affect the black community? Does that mean that housing is going to be destroyed? All those areas have to be explored, and explored with the community, not just with the people still on the Inner Northeast Industrial Council, and that has not been done. |
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| Herndon: Oh, I think all of those should be discussed with the entire community so those people get some feeling about what redevelopment of Union Avenue means. Redevelopment for who? Does that mean that it is going to positively affect the black community? Does that mean that housing is going to be destroyed? All those areas have to be explored, and explored with the community, not just with the people still on the Inner Northeast Industrial Council, and that has not been done. |
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| You just don’t select a group of people that tell us these are our repre­sentatives that address any issue. That is very insulting. I think it’s nothing more than another example of age-old colonial politics with the so-called mother country picking your leaders and picking for you your police force, and picking for you your politicians and your clergymen, and telling you |
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| You just don’t select a group of people that tell us these are our repre­sentatives that address any issue. That is very insulting. I think it’s nothing more than another example of age-old colonial politics with the so-called mother country picking your leaders and picking for you your police force, and picking for you your politicians and your clergymen, and telling you |
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| UNITED FRONT BOOKSTORE |
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| UNITED FRONT BOOKSTORE |
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| OREGON'S LARGEST SELECTION OF SOCIALIST BOOKS AND PERIODICALS |
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| OREGON'S LARGEST SELECTION OF SOCIALIST BOOKS AND PERIODICALS |
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| ALSO RECORDS, POSTERS, CARDS |
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| ALSO RECORDS, POSTERS, CARDS |
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| NEW TITLES |
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| NEW TITLES |
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| Jack London: An American Rebel |
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| Jack London: An American Rebel |
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| African Music: A People’s Art |
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| African Music: A People’s Art |
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| The New Gay Liberation Book |
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| The New Gay Liberation Book |
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| 2701 S.E. Belmont: |
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| 2701 S.E. Belmont: |
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| 233-9270 |
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| 233-9270 |
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| MON.-FRI. 11-8, SAT. 11-5 |
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| MON.-FRI. 11-8, SAT. 11-5 |
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| Figure |
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| MUSICIANS |
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| MUSICIANS |
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| MUSICIANS |
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| Figure |
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| DANDELION PUB |
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| DANDELION PUB |
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| 31 N. W. 23rd Place (In the Uptown) |
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| 31 N. W. 23rd Place (In the Uptown) |
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| Lead guitarist & bassist seeks musicians to form tight r&b based band. Artistic & intellectual merits to come before commercial considerations Bishop Cochran 234-4842 |
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| Lead guitarist & bassist seeks musicians to form tight r&b based band. Artistic & intellectual merits to come before commercial considerations Bishop Cochran 234-4842 |
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| Figure |
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| PERMANENT WAVE INCLUDING |
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| PERMANENT WAVE INCLUDING |
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| PERMANENT WAVE INCLUDING |
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| HAIRCUT. $3Q |
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| HAIRCUT. $3Q |
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| STUDIO EAST |
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| STUDIO EAST |
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| 617 S.E. MORRISON |
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| 617 S.E. MORRISON |
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| Joe Quirk 239-4677 |
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| Joe Quirk 239-4677 |
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| SENIOR CITIZENS |
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| SENIOR CITIZENS |
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| Figure |
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| $3. OFF ANY OTHER SERVICE WITH THIS COUPON. |
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| $3. OFF ANY OTHER SERVICE WITH THIS COUPON. |
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| $3. OFF ANY OTHER SERVICE WITH THIS COUPON. |
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| Figure |
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| these are the people that represent you in this particular privy council or this legislative body, and it’s a trend that has to be reversed. |
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| these are the people that represent you in this particular privy council or this legislative body, and it’s a trend that has to be reversed. |
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| Quarterly: Do you think the Black United Front is going to take on politi­cal issues at the polls? |
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| Quarterly: Do you think the Black United Front is going to take on politi­cal issues at the polls? |
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| Herndon: I hope so. |
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| Herndon: I hope so. |
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| Quarterly: ....i.e. candidates? |
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| Quarterly: ....i.e. candidates? |
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| Herndon: I hope so. Actually, we would be very near-sighted if we didn’t because decisions made by politicians affect the community, and we should be very much involved in the electoral process. I think that it will be much easier to prevent something like the development of the Inner Northeast Industrial Council if this community was known as one that will go to the polls, and if you as a politician make that move, you know that there are this many thousands of voters that are going to oppose you the next |
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| Herndon: I hope so. Actually, we would be very near-sighted if we didn’t because decisions made by politicians affect the community, and we should be very much involved in the electoral process. I think that it will be much easier to prevent something like the development of the Inner Northeast Industrial Council if this community was known as one that will go to the polls, and if you as a politician make that move, you know that there are this many thousands of voters that are going to oppose you the next |
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| Quarterly: Such as? |
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| Quarterly: Such as? |
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| Herndon: Demonstrations, pickets, letter writing campaigns, all of the traditional forms of protest. |
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| Herndon: Demonstrations, pickets, letter writing campaigns, all of the traditional forms of protest. |
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| Quarterly: At the last meeting of the Black United Front I was excited, had the feeling that for the first time here was a major black political force in Portland. Could you describe your own personal feelings? |
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| Quarterly: At the last meeting of the Black United Front I was excited, had the feeling that for the first time here was a major black political force in Portland. Could you describe your own personal feelings? |
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| Herndon: Oh. I was very, very... excited is not the word...elated, just proud of the community, the people in the community. It confirmed a lot of feelings that I’ve always had about the majority of people in this community who are willing to come out and be counted upon if you approach them the right way. |
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| Herndon: Oh. I was very, very... excited is not the word...elated, just proud of the community, the people in the community. It confirmed a lot of feelings that I’ve always had about the majority of people in this community who are willing to come out and be counted upon if you approach them the right way. |
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| Quarterly: Within the framework of black leadership, what damage do you think Cleveland Gilcrease did in the economic front... It seems to me that whole episode made a lot of people skeptical of a black leader who was in charge of a program and for better or worse on paper, however it came out, was accused and convicted of ripping off the neighborhood. |
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| Quarterly: Within the framework of black leadership, what damage do you think Cleveland Gilcrease did in the economic front... It seems to me that whole episode made a lot of people skeptical of a black leader who was in charge of a program and for better or worse on paper, however it came out, was accused and convicted of ripping off the neighborhood. |
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| Herndon: I think that you look at it from two levels. My feeling was a lot of people...most people that think felt that PMSC and Cleveland Gilcrease did much more for the community than he may have done to hurt the community, and personally I think that the government sure spent a lot of time and energy trying to convict him. The charges that were written up about him in the newspapers were not the charges that he was convicted on when he was supposed to have mis­appropriated money. That’s not what he was c |
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| Herndon: I think that you look at it from two levels. My feeling was a lot of people...most people that think felt that PMSC and Cleveland Gilcrease did much more for the community than he may have done to hurt the community, and personally I think that the government sure spent a lot of time and energy trying to convict him. The charges that were written up about him in the newspapers were not the charges that he was convicted on when he was supposed to have mis­appropriated money. That’s not what he was c |
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| So I think that the way in which the newspapers jumped on him raised a lot of questions in my mind as to why they were doing it, and the way in which the government dealt with PMSC was not the way in which they |
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| So I think that the way in which the newspapers jumped on him raised a lot of questions in my mind as to why they were doing it, and the way in which the government dealt with PMSC was not the way in which they |
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| deal with other governmental entities. When Richard Nixon was run out of office, no one ever said, “Well you should destroy the Executive Branch.” They only said, “You need to get a new man.” But when they felt that Cleveland Gilcrease had done some things that may not have been appro­priate. they not only said, “Let’s get rid of him.” They said, “Let’s get rid of the whole program.” |
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| deal with other governmental entities. When Richard Nixon was run out of office, no one ever said, “Well you should destroy the Executive Branch.” They only said, “You need to get a new man.” But when they felt that Cleveland Gilcrease had done some things that may not have been appro­priate. they not only said, “Let’s get rid of him.” They said, “Let’s get rid of the whole program.” |
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| So again the reaction to a black organization was totally different than the reaction to essentially a white organization, a white entity, and I thought that it was very harmful to the community when PMSC closed be­cause there were a lot of programs that they had that were very useful to the |
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| So again the reaction to a black organization was totally different than the reaction to essentially a white organization, a white entity, and I thought that it was very harmful to the community when PMSC closed be­cause there were a lot of programs that they had that were very useful to the |
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| Anytime you have a movement in the black community that was black led, the liberal communities have not jumped on that bandwagon. |
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| Anytime you have a movement in the black community that was black led, the liberal communities have not jumped on that bandwagon. |
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| community. They started the first weatherization project in the com­munity. |
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| community. They started the first weatherization project in the com­munity. |
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| Not the city, it was PMSC that started it. A lot of people who current­ly work for the city, a lot of black people got their start with PMSC. There are a lot of people who got their experience and training with PMSC. They showed that it is possible to train some people who may not have had a lot of experience in the past to perform very well at different levels in the job market. |
17 |
| Not the city, it was PMSC that started it. A lot of people who current­ly work for the city, a lot of black people got their start with PMSC. There are a lot of people who got their experience and training with PMSC. They showed that it is possible to train some people who may not have had a lot of experience in the past to perform very well at different levels in the job market. |
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| Quarterly: What do you feel about the press coverage you received during the summer, during the negotiations? |
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| Quarterly: What do you feel about the press coverage you received during the summer, during the negotiations? |
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| Herndon: Well, I think that on the whole the press was fair. There were instances in which I felt that they missed the point or reported it in a way that I felt was inaccurate, but on the whole, I think they were fairer on this issue regarding black people than they have been on any other. Even editorials that appeared in both major papers that essentially said that they did not support the boycott, admitted that there was merit in our demands. I’ve never seen the local press take that kind of positive stan |
17 |
| Herndon: Well, I think that on the whole the press was fair. There were instances in which I felt that they missed the point or reported it in a way that I felt was inaccurate, but on the whole, I think they were fairer on this issue regarding black people than they have been on any other. Even editorials that appeared in both major papers that essentially said that they did not support the boycott, admitted that there was merit in our demands. I’ve never seen the local press take that kind of positive stan |
17 |
| I certainly do take issue with them on the use of the term militant. If you look at a person like Ron Weiden, who advocates for elderly citizens, or you look at Ralph Nader, who advocates for consumers, or Gloria Steinem, who advocates for women. No one ever calls them militant, and again there’s a double standard. When somebody black forcefully argues for and cham­ |
17 |
| I certainly do take issue with them on the use of the term militant. If you look at a person like Ron Weiden, who advocates for elderly citizens, or you look at Ralph Nader, who advocates for consumers, or Gloria Steinem, who advocates for women. No one ever calls them militant, and again there’s a double standard. When somebody black forcefully argues for and cham­ |
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| pions causes for his people, it has been traditional in this country to label him as radical or militant. Somebody white does this, it's very unusual for them to be given that same tag? And the dangerous part of it is that “militant” carried with it certain images in most peoples minds which aren’t productive or positive. Most people think of someone throwing molotov cocktails or shooting somebody, breaking out windows. |
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| pions causes for his people, it has been traditional in this country to label him as radical or militant. Somebody white does this, it's very unusual for them to be given that same tag? And the dangerous part of it is that “militant” carried with it certain images in most peoples minds which aren’t productive or positive. Most people think of someone throwing molotov cocktails or shooting somebody, breaking out windows. |
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| Quarterly: What do you attribute to the lack of liberal support for the Black United Front within the white community? |
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| Quarterly: What do you attribute to the lack of liberal support for the Black United Front within the white community? |
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| Herndon: Well, you have to just look at the history of the liberals in this country. Any time you have a |
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| Herndon: Well, you have to just look at the history of the liberals in this country. Any time you have a |
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| movement in the black community that was black-led, that addressed itself to black issues, and said that it was going to be controlled by black people, the liberal communities historically have not jumped on that bandwagon. They would prefer some­thing that had more visible white leadership in a white direction. That makes it much more acceptable to them. |
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| movement in the black community that was black-led, that addressed itself to black issues, and said that it was going to be controlled by black people, the liberal communities historically have not jumped on that bandwagon. They would prefer some­thing that had more visible white leadership in a white direction. That makes it much more acceptable to them. |
17 |
| Liberals have a lot of racism that they have to overcome themselves, and there’s one quick way that you can spot it: their reactions to organizations that beyond a doubt are black- controlled. |
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| Liberals have a lot of racism that they have to overcome themselves, and there’s one quick way that you can spot it: their reactions to organizations that beyond a doubt are black- controlled. |
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| They get very uneasy about that, and one way in which they oftentimes try to describe it is that, well, isn’t that an example of separatism? Al­though they never question the fact that you don’t have Catholics leading B’Nai B’rith, you don’t have Jewish people leading the Knights of Colum­bus. That’s an accepted practice in this country, but when it come to black people, any time we take stances and say. well, we know best how to address our problems, and we should be addressing them this way, that’s very q |
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| They get very uneasy about that, and one way in which they oftentimes try to describe it is that, well, isn’t that an example of separatism? Al­though they never question the fact that you don’t have Catholics leading B’Nai B’rith, you don’t have Jewish people leading the Knights of Colum­bus. That’s an accepted practice in this country, but when it come to black people, any time we take stances and say. well, we know best how to address our problems, and we should be addressing them this way, that’s very q |
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| Quarterly: Looking at long-range goals, in a city that prides itself, although I think mistakenly, as being liberal, how are you going to be able to overcome the power entrenchment that some of those people have at City Hall, at the Portland Development Commission, etc., etc., when there |
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| Quarterly: Looking at long-range goals, in a city that prides itself, although I think mistakenly, as being liberal, how are you going to be able to overcome the power entrenchment that some of those people have at City Hall, at the Portland Development Commission, etc., etc., when there |
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| seem to be real lines of division with the liberal community not wanting to deal with the prominent issues facing the black community? |
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| seem to be real lines of division with the liberal community not wanting to deal with the prominent issues facing the black community? |
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| Herndon: Well, that will be dealt with just as the school issue was dealt with by organizing the black com­munity, and that’s the only way. You cannot ever depend upon anyone else except yourself when it comes time for you to try to gain your freedom. Other people may help you at certain points in time, but the majority of your re­sources, the majority of talent, the majority of your entire thrust is going to come from within your own ranks. Our ability to change that will be based upon how well we continue |
17 |
| Herndon: Well, that will be dealt with just as the school issue was dealt with by organizing the black com­munity, and that’s the only way. You cannot ever depend upon anyone else except yourself when it comes time for you to try to gain your freedom. Other people may help you at certain points in time, but the majority of your re­sources, the majority of talent, the majority of your entire thrust is going to come from within your own ranks. Our ability to change that will be based upon how well we continue |
17 |
| It doesn’t matter how entrenched racists are in this city. The way in which they will be moved or changed, the policies will be changed by the organizational skills of black people in this community and how well we can approach those issues. I agree with you it is not liberal. 1 cannot view this as a liberal city. |
17 |
| It doesn’t matter how entrenched racists are in this city. The way in which they will be moved or changed, the policies will be changed by the organizational skills of black people in this community and how well we can approach those issues. I agree with you it is not liberal. 1 cannot view this as a liberal city. |
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| Quarterly: Somebody had to be doing some lobbying within the school board...to get them to change as quickly as they did. What do you think was going on in that process, and who was maneuvering there? |
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| Quarterly: Somebody had to be doing some lobbying within the school board...to get them to change as quickly as they did. What do you think was going on in that process, and who was maneuvering there? |
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| Herndon: Well. I think the fact that you had Scott and Buel. who were elected and who both supported the Coalition, meant they also were in opposition to certain parts of the Schools for the Seventies. That was helpful. I think that McNamara began to get information that he hadn't had before. I think he was forced to view things from a different point of view which was good because I think that in the past he has been fed a lot of misinformation by the schools admin­istration. |
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| Herndon: Well. I think the fact that you had Scott and Buel. who were elected and who both supported the Coalition, meant they also were in opposition to certain parts of the Schools for the Seventies. That was helpful. I think that McNamara began to get information that he hadn't had before. I think he was forced to view things from a different point of view which was good because I think that in the past he has been fed a lot of misinformation by the schools admin­istration. |
17 |
| And I think primarily it was just the pressure that the black community was putting on everybody, that led to the changes that were made, but internally I think that those were some of the forces that were in work, McNamara being confronted with different information, new informa­tion... |
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| And I think primarily it was just the pressure that the black community was putting on everybody, that led to the changes that were made, but internally I think that those were some of the forces that were in work, McNamara being confronted with different information, new informa­tion... |
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| Quarterly: Do you think the school board administration can carry out what the school board has outlined? |
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| Quarterly: Do you think the school board administration can carry out what the school board has outlined? |
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| Herndon: Not willingly, no. I don’t think they will willingly. I don't have confidence in Dr. Blanchard to carry out policies that are directly opposed to policies that he initiated and that he developed. Personally I don't have confidence in him as the person to do it given the kind of attitude that he has shown toward the black community. 1 mean he was so presumptuous as to make statements based upon his con­tact with the black community, that responsible black leaders wouldn’t |
17 |
| Herndon: Not willingly, no. I don’t think they will willingly. I don't have confidence in Dr. Blanchard to carry out policies that are directly opposed to policies that he initiated and that he developed. Personally I don't have confidence in him as the person to do it given the kind of attitude that he has shown toward the black community. 1 mean he was so presumptuous as to make statements based upon his con­tact with the black community, that responsible black leaders wouldn’t |
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| Casual, intimate, and family dining in the comfort of our bucket seats. |
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| Enjoy fine steaks, seafood, omelettes and sandwiches. Home-style cookin’ and lots of it at pre-gas-shortage prices. |
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| Enjoy fine steaks, seafood, omelettes and sandwiches. Home-style cookin’ and lots of it at pre-gas-shortage prices. |
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| The Rolls Royce of Restaurants |
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| The Rolls Royce of Restaurants |
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| This has got to be the classiest potata ever. |
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| This has got to be the classiest potata ever. |
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| The HOT POTATA Cafe |
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| The HOT POTATA Cafe |
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| 422 SW 13th Portland, Oregon 223-7573 |
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| 422 SW 13th Portland, Oregon 223-7573 |
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| Div |
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| Figure |
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| Figure |
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| take part in the boycott, or he was certain that thoughtful black parents wouldn't take part in the boycott. Any time that you have a man in 1979. a white administrator who would presume to speak about the will of the black community, that shows the man is very insensitive to the times and to the people in that particular com­munity- |
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| take part in the boycott, or he was certain that thoughtful black parents wouldn't take part in the boycott. Any time that you have a man in 1979. a white administrator who would presume to speak about the will of the black community, that shows the man is very insensitive to the times and to the people in that particular com­munity- |
18 |
| Quarterly: Do you think it’s going to take his resignation to implement the long range goals? |
18 |
| Quarterly: Do you think it’s going to take his resignation to implement the long range goals? |
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| Herndon: I think that that would help. It’s just like after the Civil War if you had Jefferson Davis as president of the United States. I think there would be some basic intellectual and moral conflicts within that kind of combination. I feel the same way with him. I think it would be best for all concerned if he did resign. |
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| Herndon: I think that that would help. It’s just like after the Civil War if you had Jefferson Davis as president of the United States. I think there would be some basic intellectual and moral conflicts within that kind of combination. I feel the same way with him. I think it would be best for all concerned if he did resign. |
18 |
| Quarterly: How entrenched do you think his supporters, his appointees, his assistant administrators are, as far as supporting his policies within the administration? |
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| Quarterly: How entrenched do you think his supporters, his appointees, his assistant administrators are, as far as supporting his policies within the administration? |
18 |
| Herndon: I would think that they are totally loyal to him. If they weren't, they wouldn’t be there. My feeling is that he made sure over the past several years that those that were closest to him were those that he could depend upon. That's the way most administrators work, and he would demand that they be loyal to him. not only in terms of job performance, but I'm sure that he demanded even intellectual loyalty to his policies, and they have certainly supported him all |
18 |
| Herndon: I would think that they are totally loyal to him. If they weren't, they wouldn’t be there. My feeling is that he made sure over the past several years that those that were closest to him were those that he could depend upon. That's the way most administrators work, and he would demand that they be loyal to him. not only in terms of job performance, but I'm sure that he demanded even intellectual loyalty to his policies, and they have certainly supported him all |
18 |
| along the path in the past, so I would think that they are very committed to him personally. |
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| along the path in the past, so I would think that they are very committed to him personally. |
18 |
| Practically, some of them might thTnk it's best to show a little distance between themselves and him now because their job might not be the most secure in the world, but intellec­tually I'm convinced that they are committed to his policies. |
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| Practically, some of them might thTnk it's best to show a little distance between themselves and him now because their job might not be the most secure in the world, but intellec­tually I'm convinced that they are committed to his policies. |
18 |
| Quarterly: What do you think of the first week of school so far? What’s been positive and negative in light of the fact that only 300 black parents have taken advantage of the oppor­tunities given to them, quote unquote. |
18 |
| Quarterly: What do you think of the first week of school so far? What’s been positive and negative in light of the fact that only 300 black parents have taken advantage of the oppor­tunities given to them, quote unquote. |
18 |
| Herndon: If you only had three black parents to take advantage, the point is that for the first time this community had a choice of where its children will go to school. That's what the battle was about. The battle wasn’t about whether this many parents would take advantage and this many wouldn't. The battle was for choice. |
18 |
| Herndon: If you only had three black parents to take advantage, the point is that for the first time this community had a choice of where its children will go to school. That's what the battle was about. The battle wasn’t about whether this many parents would take advantage and this many wouldn't. The battle was for choice. |
18 |
| I think when Nixon was elected president, they said only 25% of the people voted. At no time after that have I ever seen it suggested that you eliminate the franchise because only a few people took part in it. When they have elections locally, people bemoan the fact that only 16% or 20% of the total electorate take part. You don’t talk about getting rid of voting rights because of that. The principle is choice, and that principle was won, and we are all very happy about it. |
18 |
| I think when Nixon was elected president, they said only 25% of the people voted. At no time after that have I ever seen it suggested that you eliminate the franchise because only a few people took part in it. When they have elections locally, people bemoan the fact that only 16% or 20% of the total electorate take part. You don’t talk about getting rid of voting rights because of that. The principle is choice, and that principle was won, and we are all very happy about it. |
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| There are problems because the |
18 |
| There are problems because the |
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| same administrators who were racist last September are just as racist this September so we’re going to have to stay on them, and we’re getting all kinds of complaints about the way in which the district is carrying out those resolutions. |
18 |
| same administrators who were racist last September are just as racist this September so we’re going to have to stay on them, and we’re getting all kinds of complaints about the way in which the district is carrying out those resolutions. |
18 |
| Quarterly: Do you think black par­ents not keeping their kids in the community has to do with what they perceive as quality of the teachers and of the schools in this community, and that there might still be thoughts that to. send their kids out to school near Wilson, they’ll at least learn to read and write even if they don’t have black role models, etc.? |
18 |
| Quarterly: Do you think black par­ents not keeping their kids in the community has to do with what they perceive as quality of the teachers and of the schools in this community, and that there might still be thoughts that to. send their kids out to school near Wilson, they’ll at least learn to read and write even if they don’t have black role models, etc.? |
18 |
| Herndon: I think that that may be part of it. What I’ve heard is people who sometimes have an older child that’s attending a school, and they don’t want to split the children up. The younger child could come back, but the older child would have to stay out. or some people are pleased with a particular program, or a lot of people just don't understand what’s going on. We’re getting questions from people saying, “Well, can I? I was told at this school that I couldn’t.” That people in some cases have been inti |
18 |
| Herndon: I think that that may be part of it. What I’ve heard is people who sometimes have an older child that’s attending a school, and they don’t want to split the children up. The younger child could come back, but the older child would have to stay out. or some people are pleased with a particular program, or a lot of people just don't understand what’s going on. We’re getting questions from people saying, “Well, can I? I was told at this school that I couldn’t.” That people in some cases have been inti |
18 |
| Quarterly: Is the Black United Front going to encourage that or just |
18 |
| Quarterly: Is the Black United Front going to encourage that or just |
18 |
| try to make available the under­standing of that choice? |
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| try to make available the under­standing of that choice? |
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| Herndon: Just the understanding. We’re not campaigning that people bring their children back. That has never been an issue with us. We campaign on giving parents a choice. |
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| Herndon: Just the understanding. We’re not campaigning that people bring their children back. That has never been an issue with us. We campaign on giving parents a choice. |
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| Quarterly: Are you going to monitor the enforcement within the school district over the next 12 weeks, and what is the United Front going to do as far as meeting with the community and reporting your findings back to the community before the 12-week moratorium is up. |
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| Quarterly: Are you going to monitor the enforcement within the school district over the next 12 weeks, and what is the United Front going to do as far as meeting with the community and reporting your findings back to the community before the 12-week moratorium is up. |
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| Herndon: It will probably be done on a weekly basis because last night at the meeting there were people who were raising complaints, what had happened, what they had seen wasn’t right, so it’s going to be. . . . |
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| Herndon: It will probably be done on a weekly basis because last night at the meeting there were people who were raising complaints, what had happened, what they had seen wasn’t right, so it’s going to be. . . . |
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| Quarterly: What kind of com­plaints? |
18 |
| Quarterly: What kind of com­plaints? |
18 |
| Herndon: Children not being al­lowed inside a building who were being bused, have, still, to stand out in the rain; a parent being told a child could not get in a school where they lived in that neighborhood; adminis­trators trying to intimidate parents... Those were the major ones, just not living up to the resolutions, what we expected, and just trying to keep people on them. |
18 |
| Herndon: Children not being al­lowed inside a building who were being bused, have, still, to stand out in the rain; a parent being told a child could not get in a school where they lived in that neighborhood; adminis­trators trying to intimidate parents... Those were the major ones, just not living up to the resolutions, what we expected, and just trying to keep people on them. |
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| Quarterly: Will you be meeting weekly? |
18 |
| Quarterly: Will you be meeting weekly? |
18 |
| Herndon: It looks like it, yeah. The people at the meeting last night said that they wanted to meet weekly, I guess forever. |
18 |
| Herndon: It looks like it, yeah. The people at the meeting last night said that they wanted to meet weekly, I guess forever. |
18 |
| by Cork Hubbert |
18 |
| by Cork Hubbert |
18 |
| It is the worst smog alert in 25 years. Poisons swirl in voluminous clouds of bluish brown oil so thick that even the Hollywood Hills are obscured from the streets below. Victims of lung and heart disease have been checking into hospitals in record number as the smog rating has risen from “unhealth­ful” to “hazardous” where it has re­mained for a week. Layers of the pol­lutant’s ozone, carbon monoxide and various assorted sulfates are being cooked into a deadly soup by the sun as temperatures climb into the |
18 |
| It is the worst smog alert in 25 years. Poisons swirl in voluminous clouds of bluish brown oil so thick that even the Hollywood Hills are obscured from the streets below. Victims of lung and heart disease have been checking into hospitals in record number as the smog rating has risen from “unhealth­ful” to “hazardous” where it has re­mained for a week. Layers of the pol­lutant’s ozone, carbon monoxide and various assorted sulfates are being cooked into a deadly soup by the sun as temperatures climb into the |
18 |
| This has not been enough to curb drivers—automobile pollution is the greatest contributor to smog (Califor­nia in all probability is the actual founder of the American two-car fam­ily) as drivers take to the freeways in legion for the drive to the beaches where inland breezes keep the air breathable. |
18 |
| This has not been enough to curb drivers—automobile pollution is the greatest contributor to smog (Califor­nia in all probability is the actual founder of the American two-car fam­ily) as drivers take to the freeways in legion for the drive to the beaches where inland breezes keep the air breathable. |
18 |
| The sun: as beautiful as the under­belly of a female black widow spider suspended in murky twilight, primor­dial like the sun as it might have been seen in the gaseous skies of a volcanic Earth millions upprauiffions of years ago. And then you realize it . . . the red sphere of the sun is the bloodshot eye of LA itself; the bloodshot eye of a city Weling on cocaine and uppers, |
18 |
| The sun: as beautiful as the under­belly of a female black widow spider suspended in murky twilight, primor­dial like the sun as it might have been seen in the gaseous skies of a volcanic Earth millions upprauiffions of years ago. And then you realize it . . . the red sphere of the sun is the bloodshot eye of LA itself; the bloodshot eye of a city Weling on cocaine and uppers, |
18 |
| downed on valium and quaaludes, a city staggering drunkenly to a disco beat. |
18 |
| downed on valium and quaaludes, a city staggering drunkenly to a disco beat. |
18 |
| They promised that the smog would never be allowed to be as bad as it was 25 years ago. There’s something else that happened 25 years ago that they promised would never happen again: the blacklist. But with Jane Fonda not allowed to take her position on the Arts Council, evidently because she didn’t go along with the needless slaughter of Vietnam, and with cries to remove Vanessa Redgrave from CBS’s Fania Fenalon story, I feel we are dangerously close. |
18 |
| They promised that the smog would never be allowed to be as bad as it was 25 years ago. There’s something else that happened 25 years ago that they promised would never happen again: the blacklist. But with Jane Fonda not allowed to take her position on the Arts Council, evidently because she didn’t go along with the needless slaughter of Vietnam, and with cries to remove Vanessa Redgrave from CBS’s Fania Fenalon story, I feel we are dangerously close. |
18 |
| Ex-Senator George Murphy told re­porters the other day that there never was a blacklist. “That happened in New York, but not in Hollywood.” When someone asked him then just who were the Hollywood Ten, he hinted that if: they didn’t work it wasn’t because they were blacklisted, that they were just paranoid and pro­bably didn’t work hard enough. |
18 |
| Ex-Senator George Murphy told re­porters the other day that there never was a blacklist. “That happened in New York, but not in Hollywood.” When someone asked him then just who were the Hollywood Ten, he hinted that if: they didn’t work it wasn’t because they were blacklisted, that they were just paranoid and pro­bably didn’t work hard enough. |
18 |
| >4“It isn’t because Jane Fonda is an activist that makes her unsuitable to head the Arts Council”, so the Red- baiters arguement goes, “But neither does her activism serve to qualify her.” An argument unworthy of fur­ther comment. |
18 |
| >4“It isn’t because Jane Fonda is an activist that makes her unsuitable to head the Arts Council”, so the Red- baiters arguement goes, “But neither does her activism serve to qualify her.” An argument unworthy of fur­ther comment. |
18 |
| What is really scary is the readiness with which some reporters—so called journalists, albeit those with a weak |
18 |
| What is really scary is the readiness with which some reporters—so called journalists, albeit those with a weak |
18 |
| grasp of ethical professionalism—such as Herald-Examiner columnist Ben Stein join in the twisting of facts. Why would anyone want to defend Vanessa Redgrave, he asks, when after all she has been calling for the “extermina­tion of the Jews”. Some take that man to a showing of Julia and then sober him up. |
18 |
| grasp of ethical professionalism—such as Herald-Examiner columnist Ben Stein join in the twisting of facts. Why would anyone want to defend Vanessa Redgrave, he asks, when after all she has been calling for the “extermina­tion of the Jews”. Some take that man to a showing of Julia and then sober him up. |
18 |
| The Life Of Brian, a satire of those who would follow false prophets and crucify real ones, has been a lot of fun, stirring just about all the religious in­stitutions to say ridiculous statements like: “The Constitution does not pro­tect the right to commit blasphemy!” It’s a quote funnier than the Monty Python movie. I’m not sure what Con-stitution they’re talking about but is sounds like one that was written in - 1300 Europe. |
18 |
| The Life Of Brian, a satire of those who would follow false prophets and crucify real ones, has been a lot of fun, stirring just about all the religious in­stitutions to say ridiculous statements like: “The Constitution does not pro­tect the right to commit blasphemy!” It’s a quote funnier than the Monty Python movie. I’m not sure what Con-stitution they’re talking about but is sounds like one that was written in - 1300 Europe. |
18 |
| Anyway, enough of the heavy stuff. Now to some personal name-dropping and self-congratulation. I’m co- starring in the new Cheech & Chong movie. It is appropriately titled “The Next Cheech & Chong Movie”. And here is how I got in it. |
18 |
| Anyway, enough of the heavy stuff. Now to some personal name-dropping and self-congratulation. I’m co- starring in the new Cheech & Chong movie. It is appropriately titled “The Next Cheech & Chong Movie”. And here is how I got in it. |
18 |
| I was called in for an interview. Cheech & Chong are seated around a large wooden table in this ritzy office dressed in peasant clothing and san­dals. They look like they’ve just gotten stoned. |
18 |
| I was called in for an interview. Cheech & Chong are seated around a large wooden table in this ritzy office dressed in peasant clothing and san­dals. They look like they’ve just gotten stoned. |
18 |
| “I’ve been looking for you guys since ’72,” I tell them. |
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| “I’ve been looking for you guys since ’72,” I tell them. |
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| “Huh?” Cheech asks eloquently. |
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| “Huh?” Cheech asks eloquently. |
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| “Yeah. While I was in L.A. buying some lbs. back in ’72, you were on tour. This girl I used to know lured you over to our house on 12th St. with allusions to animal passions and dope. Well, while one of you guys was downstairs waiting, her and these other guys in the house had been up­stairs busy taking my bedroom door off its hinges so they could steal my dope and smoke it with you. So you are accessories after the fact in the theft of my dope.” |
18 |
| “Yeah. While I was in L.A. buying some lbs. back in ’72, you were on tour. This girl I used to know lured you over to our house on 12th St. with allusions to animal passions and dope. Well, while one of you guys was downstairs waiting, her and these other guys in the house had been up­stairs busy taking my bedroom door off its hinges so they could steal my dope and smoke it with you. So you are accessories after the fact in the theft of my dope.” |
18 |
| Cheech throws his hands into the air with a “Don’t Shoot” look on his face as Chong clears his throat, “Yeah—well Cheech and I feel pretty bad about what happened, Cork, so (he grabs a plastic marijuana plant from the corner) we want you to have this.” |
18 |
| Cheech throws his hands into the air with a “Don’t Shoot” look on his face as Chong clears his throat, “Yeah—well Cheech and I feel pretty bad about what happened, Cork, so (he grabs a plastic marijuana plant from the corner) we want you to have this.” |
18 |
| “That’s OK” you keep the plant, but I figure you guys owe me.” I said. |
18 |
| “That’s OK” you keep the plant, but I figure you guys owe me.” I said. |
18 |
| “You’re hired,” they reply. |
18 |
| “You’re hired,” they reply. |
18 |
| So I’m playing a Boy Scout and a robot. 2 parts in one. |
18 |
| So I’m playing a Boy Scout and a robot. 2 parts in one. |
18 |
| I’ve just finished doing Where The Buffalo Roam, based on Dr. Hunter S. Thompson’s Fear & Loathing at the SuperBowl, starring Bill Murray & Peter Boyle and all of these guys are great. |
18 |
| I’ve just finished doing Where The Buffalo Roam, based on Dr. Hunter S. Thompson’s Fear & Loathing at the SuperBowl, starring Bill Murray & Peter Boyle and all of these guys are great. |
18 |
| And that’s the way it is mid­September in LA. This is your cor- respondant Cork Hubbert signing off! |
18 |
| And that’s the way it is mid­September in LA. This is your cor- respondant Cork Hubbert signing off! |
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| ECLECTIC ARTS, INC. |
18 |
| ECLECTIC ARTS, INC. |
18 |
| 1616RW23KVE. |
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18 |
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| Stepping ^tone Cafe |
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| 626 S.W 9TH ST, PORTLAND. OR 97205 503-227-4710 |
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| 18 |
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| 18 |
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| 18 |
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| Div |
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| Figure |
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| When I was a kid and into the fif­ties, when the family drove around the gloomy Oregon countryside, the most cheerful sight in the night was an orange tin cone, throwing out sparks in the darkness. Whether it was black and rainy, windy or otherwise, the smell of wood smoke lingered in the air and there was a cheerful fire out there burning in the damp landscape. Down by Roseburg, Grants Pass, up toward Eugene, at the Oregon coast as the gray breakers pounded the sand, these homemade volcanoes—like a woodsto |
19 |
| When I was a kid and into the fif­ties, when the family drove around the gloomy Oregon countryside, the most cheerful sight in the night was an orange tin cone, throwing out sparks in the darkness. Whether it was black and rainy, windy or otherwise, the smell of wood smoke lingered in the air and there was a cheerful fire out there burning in the damp landscape. Down by Roseburg, Grants Pass, up toward Eugene, at the Oregon coast as the gray breakers pounded the sand, these homemade volcanoes—like a woodsto |
19 |
| They served a practical purpose, then. This was before the manufacture of wood chips, and the use of sawdust, and the myriad of new products the chemists in the wood industry now make. Slash is the torn and shredded limbs and chunks of bark of logging debris. You burned that stuff up and got rid of it. It was waste and just got in the way. Pretty soon, you’d be trip­ping over it, unable to operate the mill. |
19 |
| They served a practical purpose, then. This was before the manufacture of wood chips, and the use of sawdust, and the myriad of new products the chemists in the wood industry now make. Slash is the torn and shredded limbs and chunks of bark of logging debris. You burned that stuff up and got rid of it. It was waste and just got in the way. Pretty soon, you’d be trip­ping over it, unable to operate the mill. |
19 |
| Now it’s nearly 1980. And the De­partment of Environmental Quality says smoke causes pollution and you have to have a permit to fire up the old tin Lizzie. At the edge of Vernonia, there is a shingle mill, called Cedar­wood Timber Co. And right in broad daylight, at the end of a stormy Aug­ust, we saw this relic of a bygone era being used. A guy was stoking it with wood scraps, the flames crackling in the square door. My teeth nearly fell out of my mouth with delight, redis­covering the past! Eric and I lea |
19 |
| Now it’s nearly 1980. And the De­partment of Environmental Quality says smoke causes pollution and you have to have a permit to fire up the old tin Lizzie. At the edge of Vernonia, there is a shingle mill, called Cedar­wood Timber Co. And right in broad daylight, at the end of a stormy Aug­ust, we saw this relic of a bygone era being used. A guy was stoking it with wood scraps, the flames crackling in the square door. My teeth nearly fell out of my mouth with delight, redis­covering the past! Eric and I lea |
19 |
| Eddie Miller, the owner, must be operating the last wigwam burner in Oregon. His cedar shingle and shake mill needs the burner to get rid of the refuse. It all can’t be carted away for use in the family woodstove. Eddie said, “The DEQ allows up to 20 per cent of distortion by smoke above the burner. This means if you can see the trees, you’re operating within the lim­its. I am.” He goes and shows us the blower, which works like a bellows, introducing air through a grate, in the concrete floor of the burner. |
19 |
| Eddie Miller, the owner, must be operating the last wigwam burner in Oregon. His cedar shingle and shake mill needs the burner to get rid of the refuse. It all can’t be carted away for use in the family woodstove. Eddie said, “The DEQ allows up to 20 per cent of distortion by smoke above the burner. This means if you can see the trees, you’re operating within the lim­its. I am.” He goes and shows us the blower, which works like a bellows, introducing air through a grate, in the concrete floor of the burner. |
19 |
| Eddie is a philosophical man. A wizard, a jack-of-all-trades, the one who keeps the shingle mill going. At 65, with a twinkle in his eyes, a soft quilted cap on his head, he cracks jokes, and tells us, “Sure. Go ahead and look around. You can’t carry away anything of value.” Meaning chunks of red cedar. He’s about ready to retire. And besides, the Vernonia city limits have crept right up to the shingle mill. New zoning and sewers and the surveying of streets march in. Eddie is going to close the mill next y |
19 |
| Eddie is a philosophical man. A wizard, a jack-of-all-trades, the one who keeps the shingle mill going. At 65, with a twinkle in his eyes, a soft quilted cap on his head, he cracks jokes, and tells us, “Sure. Go ahead and look around. You can’t carry away anything of value.” Meaning chunks of red cedar. He’s about ready to retire. And besides, the Vernonia city limits have crept right up to the shingle mill. New zoning and sewers and the surveying of streets march in. Eddie is going to close the mill next y |
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| Hearing this, my heart feels a deep pang of sorrow. A true artifact of the Pacific Northwest woods, and an old- fashioned way of earning a living, will disappear forever. Only a block of wood would fail to feel emotion! |
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| Hearing this, my heart feels a deep pang of sorrow. A true artifact of the Pacific Northwest woods, and an old- fashioned way of earning a living, will disappear forever. Only a block of wood would fail to feel emotion! |
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| Have you ever smelled the fragrance of Western red cedar? There’s nothing like it. That perfume is the nearest thing to heaven. Cedar makes great kindling to start a fire. When the sharp hatchet hits it, it makes a ping­ing sound. Cedar splits narrow and thin, clean and long-grained. |
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| Have you ever smelled the fragrance of Western red cedar? There’s nothing like it. That perfume is the nearest thing to heaven. Cedar makes great kindling to start a fire. When the sharp hatchet hits it, it makes a ping­ing sound. Cedar splits narrow and thin, clean and long-grained. |
19 |
| The mill itself is a work of art, mel­lowed by time and use, yet bearing the stamp of a perfect practical design. It only takes one or two men to operate it. The boards are weathered, grayish, with a rusty tin roof. Two-level. A log pond out back, covered with green scum, an ecological paradise full of bullfrogs and crappie and trout. Snakes sunning themselves, a dragon­fly hovering like a biological helicopter. Eric and I examined it from every angle. Eddie allowed us to roam at |
19 |
| The mill itself is a work of art, mel­lowed by time and use, yet bearing the stamp of a perfect practical design. It only takes one or two men to operate it. The boards are weathered, grayish, with a rusty tin roof. Two-level. A log pond out back, covered with green scum, an ecological paradise full of bullfrogs and crappie and trout. Snakes sunning themselves, a dragon­fly hovering like a biological helicopter. Eric and I examined it from every angle. Eddie allowed us to roam at |
19 |
| The Last |
19 |
| The Last |
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| Wigwam Burner |
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| Wigwam Burner |
19 |
| By Walt Curtis |
19 |
| By Walt Curtis |
19 |
| will, when he drove into town. |
19 |
| will, when he drove into town. |
19 |
| This is the way it works: The red cedar logs are brought by truck to the pond. A tripod of logs, with tongs and cable, hitched to a diesel engine, a “donkey,” unloads the logs. They are rolled into the pond, where they float until needed. Then a guy with a pea- vee poles a log to a chute, ready to enter the mill. Up the chute the log is pulled by cable. Then a chunk of it, say 18 inches, is sawed off. With ham­mer and wedge, this round chunk is split into pyramid-shaped blocks. Re­member we’re on the second |
19 |
| This is the way it works: The red cedar logs are brought by truck to the pond. A tripod of logs, with tongs and cable, hitched to a diesel engine, a “donkey,” unloads the logs. They are rolled into the pond, where they float until needed. Then a guy with a pea- vee poles a log to a chute, ready to enter the mill. Up the chute the log is pulled by cable. Then a chunk of it, say 18 inches, is sawed off. With ham­mer and wedge, this round chunk is split into pyramid-shaped blocks. Re­member we’re on the second |
19 |
| A guy who runs a saw is called the “sawyer.” It takes some skill not to waste wood. To get it the right length and operate the machinery. And not cut off your hand. There are several kinds of saws up here, and rollers and conveyor chains. And lots of sawdust. Wood smells. Light coming in through the windows. And shiny blades. Whose teeth need to be sharpened. A breeze will kick up the fine sawdust. And I thought I saw the sunbeams buzzsaw their way through the sha­dows and illuminate the saw blades, replica |
19 |
| A guy who runs a saw is called the “sawyer.” It takes some skill not to waste wood. To get it the right length and operate the machinery. And not cut off your hand. There are several kinds of saws up here, and rollers and conveyor chains. And lots of sawdust. Wood smells. Light coming in through the windows. And shiny blades. Whose teeth need to be sharpened. A breeze will kick up the fine sawdust. And I thought I saw the sunbeams buzzsaw their way through the sha­dows and illuminate the saw blades, replica |
19 |
| What’s the difference between a shake and a shingle? |
19 |
| What’s the difference between a shake and a shingle? |
19 |
| Well, shakes are thick slabs of roof­ing cedar, about three-fourths of an inch thick. The best ones are supposed to be hand split. Cedarwood Timber Co. puts a blue-and-white tag on its bundles, reading: CERTI-SPLIT Number 1 Grade Handsplit Red Cedar Shakes. These shakes meet all quality requirements. 24” x 1/2” x 5/8” Tapersplit. There was a 75-year-old man, by a shed, splitting shakes by hand with a mallet and a shingle knife. He rotated the log to get the correct taper. Good solid work, honest as the day |
19 |
| Well, shakes are thick slabs of roof­ing cedar, about three-fourths of an inch thick. The best ones are supposed to be hand split. Cedarwood Timber Co. puts a blue-and-white tag on its bundles, reading: CERTI-SPLIT Number 1 Grade Handsplit Red Cedar Shakes. These shakes meet all quality requirements. 24” x 1/2” x 5/8” Tapersplit. There was a 75-year-old man, by a shed, splitting shakes by hand with a mallet and a shingle knife. He rotated the log to get the correct taper. Good solid work, honest as the day |
19 |
| Sawn on both sides, shingles are thin. Aren’t they used on the side of the house? They are so thin they wouldn’t last long, deteriorating in the years of rainy, soggy weather. These shingles, sawn by a round saw. |
19 |
| Sawn on both sides, shingles are thin. Aren’t they used on the side of the house? They are so thin they wouldn’t last long, deteriorating in the years of rainy, soggy weather. These shingles, sawn by a round saw. |
19 |
| dropped down chutes, where they were sorted by grade and bundled. On the first floor, Eddie did this. Stacking them appropriately, and tacking a metal band around them. The “bun­dle” was ready to sell. |
19 |
| dropped down chutes, where they were sorted by grade and bundled. On the first floor, Eddie did this. Stacking them appropriately, and tacking a metal band around them. The “bun­dle” was ready to sell. |
19 |
| Eddie reminisces: “I started work in the mill in 1945. I bought it in '49. At that time, shakes were worth six and a quarter dollars a bundle. The next year the price jumped to $14. I thought I was going to be a millionaire!” It’s plain to see, as you watch Eddie at work, that he is the brains and master of this mill. He’s put his whole life into it. And he can do every job. He can almost run the mill single-handedly. He does his own repairs, in a toolshed out back. |
19 |
| Eddie reminisces: “I started work in the mill in 1945. I bought it in '49. At that time, shakes were worth six and a quarter dollars a bundle. The next year the price jumped to $14. I thought I was going to be a millionaire!” It’s plain to see, as you watch Eddie at work, that he is the brains and master of this mill. He’s put his whole life into it. And he can do every job. He can almost run the mill single-handedly. He does his own repairs, in a toolshed out back. |
19 |
| He continues about the economics: “Then logs cost me $32.50 a thousand board feet. Now I sell the squares (four bundles) for $60, but the price of the log is $300 a thousand.” He jokes about it. It’s obvious he hasn’t become a millionaire. The cost of the logs has increased about ten times, as has the price for his shakes, in 30 years. He’s just about broke even. Though obvi­ously the land the mill is on is worth money when he subdivides. |
19 |
| He continues about the economics: “Then logs cost me $32.50 a thousand board feet. Now I sell the squares (four bundles) for $60, but the price of the log is $300 a thousand.” He jokes about it. It’s obvious he hasn’t become a millionaire. The cost of the logs has increased about ten times, as has the price for his shakes, in 30 years. He’s just about broke even. Though obvi­ously the land the mill is on is worth money when he subdivides. |
19 |
| As Eric and I explored the mill, the human dimension to the place was what got you. Four or five little kids, of one of the workers named Francis, and a yellow pup named Daisy, fol­lowed us around. They observed us curiously, as we observed them and the mill. School hadn’t started yet. They were bare-chested and barefoot. Not worried about splinters or tickling sawdust. They clambered on convey­ors, tiptoeing on bark and logs, point­ing out sights for us to see. A pump­house. The white hose, flopping about |
19 |
| As Eric and I explored the mill, the human dimension to the place was what got you. Four or five little kids, of one of the workers named Francis, and a yellow pup named Daisy, fol­lowed us around. They observed us curiously, as we observed them and the mill. School hadn’t started yet. They were bare-chested and barefoot. Not worried about splinters or tickling sawdust. They clambered on convey­ors, tiptoeing on bark and logs, point­ing out sights for us to see. A pump­house. The white hose, flopping about |
19 |
| They told us giant snakes lived just beyond it. And we saw a fat gray snake, about an inch thick. The color of ashes. Do the snakes stay around the burner, enjoying its warmth in winter? |
19 |
| They told us giant snakes lived just beyond it. And we saw a fat gray snake, about an inch thick. The color of ashes. Do the snakes stay around the burner, enjoying its warmth in winter? |
19 |
| Francis, his wife, and his brood of kids live in a cedar-shingled cabin behind the mill. He is heavy-set. dig­ |
19 |
| Francis, his wife, and his brood of kids live in a cedar-shingled cabin behind the mill. He is heavy-set. dig­ |
19 |
| nified. with a full brown face. Eddie said he was a Pima Indian. I believe I heard him correctly. He is Eddie’s main helper. They start work at seven in the morning and quit at two in the afternoon. A fairly easygoing day. What will happen to Francis and his family when the mill shuts down? Can he get another fairly unskilled job like this? Maybe, maybe not. Francis and a blond kid. a teenager, were throwing scrap wood out the second-floor win­dow into a pickup. The kid had a bothered but hard-working look |
19 |
| nified. with a full brown face. Eddie said he was a Pima Indian. I believe I heard him correctly. He is Eddie’s main helper. They start work at seven in the morning and quit at two in the afternoon. A fairly easygoing day. What will happen to Francis and his family when the mill shuts down? Can he get another fairly unskilled job like this? Maybe, maybe not. Francis and a blond kid. a teenager, were throwing scrap wood out the second-floor win­dow into a pickup. The kid had a bothered but hard-working look |
19 |
| I asked Francis, “Why are some of the chunks of wood burned at the edges?” |
19 |
| I asked Francis, “Why are some of the chunks of wood burned at the edges?” |
19 |
| He answered, “It doesn’t hurt the cedar. In fact, it seals and protects the inner wood.” Most of the logs are har­vested by helicopter. Way back in the woods, from old forest fires. They put a choker cable on the log, and haul it straight into the sky. |
19 |
| He answered, “It doesn’t hurt the cedar. In fact, it seals and protects the inner wood.” Most of the logs are har­vested by helicopter. Way back in the woods, from old forest fires. They put a choker cable on the log, and haul it straight into the sky. |
19 |
| To Eddie I comment about the kids running over the machinery, exploring every nook and cranny. “They know better when the mill is in operation. These manx cats kill the rats around here,” Eddie continues. “When 1 quit the mill. I’ll have plenty of bulldozer work to do on the subdivision. I know better than to quit and not do any­thing. That’s the surest way into the ground.” Eddie has a boat at the coast. He goes salmon fishing and crosses the Columbia River bar in it. He looks forward to that. Pointing to |
19 |
| To Eddie I comment about the kids running over the machinery, exploring every nook and cranny. “They know better when the mill is in operation. These manx cats kill the rats around here,” Eddie continues. “When 1 quit the mill. I’ll have plenty of bulldozer work to do on the subdivision. I know better than to quit and not do any­thing. That’s the surest way into the ground.” Eddie has a boat at the coast. He goes salmon fishing and crosses the Columbia River bar in it. He looks forward to that. Pointing to |
19 |
| As Eric and I look around us. we realize the mill has to be recorded. Eddie Miller doesn’t mind. “Sure. It’s okay.” Secretly he must feel flattered that everybody is coming out here interested in his lowly shingle mill. He mentions, “A painter came out here with some students, and painted a' picture. Later on, I learned he sold the painting for $2,000. I never got any of it.” We have told him that Eric, the cameraman, is scouting locations to make a local movie, called Paydirt. “Could we shoot scenes here a |
19 |
| As Eric and I look around us. we realize the mill has to be recorded. Eddie Miller doesn’t mind. “Sure. It’s okay.” Secretly he must feel flattered that everybody is coming out here interested in his lowly shingle mill. He mentions, “A painter came out here with some students, and painted a' picture. Later on, I learned he sold the painting for $2,000. I never got any of it.” We have told him that Eric, the cameraman, is scouting locations to make a local movie, called Paydirt. “Could we shoot scenes here a |
19 |
| “Sure, it’s fine by me.” A very phil­osophical man. |
19 |
| “Sure, it’s fine by me.” A very phil­osophical man. |
19 |
| Eddie Miller knows it. The bull­frogs. the snakes, the kids, the cabin out back, the pond with green scum on it shining in the afternoon light, the timbers of the old mill, the saws, the smell of it, the work of it, the flopping hose, the beacon—the wigwam burner itself—with conveyor leading out of the mill to dump scrap into the orange crackling flames. Blockhead, 1 know it. I lost a middle finger in a sawmill, not unlike this. 20 years ago. The cedar shingles and shakes which hold out the patter and the w |
19 |
| Eddie Miller knows it. The bull­frogs. the snakes, the kids, the cabin out back, the pond with green scum on it shining in the afternoon light, the timbers of the old mill, the saws, the smell of it, the work of it, the flopping hose, the beacon—the wigwam burner itself—with conveyor leading out of the mill to dump scrap into the orange crackling flames. Blockhead, 1 know it. I lost a middle finger in a sawmill, not unlike this. 20 years ago. The cedar shingles and shakes which hold out the patter and the w |
19 |
| Who is the real artist? The guy who runs and repairs the mill? Or the artist who puts it on canvas? You know who, and so do I. The real one is going into retirement soon, and with him his masterpiece will vanish. Only the im­age of a fiery tin-metal cone recedes in the night of history. As the poet Edna St. Vincent Millay said. “Better to light one candle than curse the dark­ness." Eddie Miller kept a wigwam burner glow ing for 35 years. God bless him! The last of the wigwams, the hearth fire and beacon lig |
19 |
| Who is the real artist? The guy who runs and repairs the mill? Or the artist who puts it on canvas? You know who, and so do I. The real one is going into retirement soon, and with him his masterpiece will vanish. Only the im­age of a fiery tin-metal cone recedes in the night of history. As the poet Edna St. Vincent Millay said. “Better to light one candle than curse the dark­ness." Eddie Miller kept a wigwam burner glow ing for 35 years. God bless him! The last of the wigwams, the hearth fire and beacon lig |
19 |
| Photo by Eric Edwards |
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| Photo by Eric Edwards |
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| Div |
20-21 |
| Figure |
20-21 |
| By Katherine Dunn |
20-21 |
| By Katherine Dunn |
20-21 |
| She was curled on a bar stool when I met her. The odd light picked up the sheen of purple velvet in her vest and made a religious experience in her hair. A friend introduced us. Even to eyes trained in the exuberant cos­tuming of the last decade she was exotic, a reigning gypsy governing her own wildness by an almost genetic courtesy. She is not a domesticated creature. |
20-21 |
| She was curled on a bar stool when I met her. The odd light picked up the sheen of purple velvet in her vest and made a religious experience in her hair. A friend introduced us. Even to eyes trained in the exuberant cos­tuming of the last decade she was exotic, a reigning gypsy governing her own wildness by an almost genetic courtesy. She is not a domesticated creature. |
20-21 |
| This is Marjorie, five feet two and blade thin, the renegade raconteur, the rebel without a pause. She is warm and the toughness in her eyes is ice­clear rationality. This is Maijorie the fire-haired rag picker, poet, radical, world wanderer, subject of a hundred poets. She was waiting when |
20-21 |
| This is Marjorie, five feet two and blade thin, the renegade raconteur, the rebel without a pause. She is warm and the toughness in her eyes is ice­clear rationality. This is Maijorie the fire-haired rag picker, poet, radical, world wanderer, subject of a hundred poets. She was waiting when |
20-21 |
| I met her, holding on until a particular event would allow her to leave for the Orient again. I asked her to record some of the tales that were being mutilated by being told third hand. Marjorie agreed; her gift for enjoy­ment includes that lush capacity to see her own life as a good yarn. |
20-21 |
| I met her, holding on until a particular event would allow her to leave for the Orient again. I asked her to record some of the tales that were being mutilated by being told third hand. Marjorie agreed; her gift for enjoy­ment includes that lush capacity to see her own life as a good yarn. |
20-21 |
| Beginning with a childhood which Marjorie describes as “typical 1950s upbringing,” she dropped out of high school at 16 to marry and quickly found herself alone with children to support. |
20-21 |
| Beginning with a childhood which Marjorie describes as “typical 1950s upbringing,” she dropped out of high school at 16 to marry and quickly found herself alone with children to support. |
20-21 |
| “I got into politics by being poor and choosing to stay poor... I learned politically that with my education I had the choice of being either a file clerk or a nude dancer. That’s the sort of job category which is open to me. Of course I chose to be a nude dancer when I had to supplement my income, or when I had a fantasy bigger than survival.” |
20-21 |
| “I got into politics by being poor and choosing to stay poor... I learned politically that with my education I had the choice of being either a file clerk or a nude dancer. That’s the sort of job category which is open to me. Of course I chose to be a nude dancer when I had to supplement my income, or when I had a fantasy bigger than survival.” |
20-21 |
| Marjorie has realized many fanta­sies beyond survival and developed a variety of methods. She virtually created a profession for herself of collecting and wholesaling used cloth­ing. Her expertise with garments is enormous. I’ve seen her in a 30-year- old dress with the seams sprung and ragged, but the fine quality of the cloth and cut, linked with her personal bearing, are a notification of royalty. She wears silk, linen, and cotton, never artificial fabrics. These things cost her effort rather than money. |
20-21 |
| Marjorie has realized many fanta­sies beyond survival and developed a variety of methods. She virtually created a profession for herself of collecting and wholesaling used cloth­ing. Her expertise with garments is enormous. I’ve seen her in a 30-year- old dress with the seams sprung and ragged, but the fine quality of the cloth and cut, linked with her personal bearing, are a notification of royalty. She wears silk, linen, and cotton, never artificial fabrics. These things cost her effort rather than money. |
20-21 |
| Marjorie has completed three jour­neys around the world, traveling alone on what most of us would consider no money at all. Exploration has given her a profound love of the Orient, where she now spends most of her time. |
20-21 |
| Marjorie has completed three jour­neys around the world, traveling alone on what most of us would consider no money at all. Exploration has given her a profound love of the Orient, where she now spends most of her time. |
20-21 |
| Her political involvement during the sixties was vigorous and profound, though she now says, “I’m glad I didn’t die in the streets. It would have been for nothing.” |
20-21 |
| Her political involvement during the sixties was vigorous and profound, though she now says, “I’m glad I didn’t die in the streets. It would have been for nothing.” |
20-21 |
| The composition, publication, and public reading of her poems would make an ordinary career sufficiently active. But Marjorie’s life is stamped by independence, willingness to em­brace hardship, and the unique degree of her yearning for adventure. She flourishes on that buccaneer approach to existence that women have feared and envied for several millenia. In the face of herpoverty, small stature, and obvious femininity, she has cocked a snoot at impossibilities until, for her, they cease to exist. |
20-21 |
| The composition, publication, and public reading of her poems would make an ordinary career sufficiently active. But Marjorie’s life is stamped by independence, willingness to em­brace hardship, and the unique degree of her yearning for adventure. She flourishes on that buccaneer approach to existence that women have feared and envied for several millenia. In the face of herpoverty, small stature, and obvious femininity, she has cocked a snoot at impossibilities until, for her, they cease to exist. |
20-21 |
| Marjorie has discovered an ability as well as a need to set herself in “lush, exotic, and very unfamiliar contexts,” and yet she returns to Portland when­ever she needs “to enjoy what America has to offer. I will always come back to Portland. It’s my home in America. It is America to me. This is where change and growth register for me. I have friends here with whom I share a long history.” |
20-21 |
| Marjorie has discovered an ability as well as a need to set herself in “lush, exotic, and very unfamiliar contexts,” and yet she returns to Portland when­ever she needs “to enjoy what America has to offer. I will always come back to Portland. It’s my home in America. It is America to me. This is where change and growth register for me. I have friends here with whom I share a long history.” |
20-21 |
| Nude dancing seems to be a meta­phor of that more enticing hemi­sphere of the polar alternatives Mar­jorie envisions in her life. Her refer­ences intrigued me. Advertisements in local newspapers for just such jobs had come to my attention in the obvi- |
20-21 |
| Nude dancing seems to be a meta­phor of that more enticing hemi­sphere of the polar alternatives Mar­jorie envisions in her life. Her refer­ences intrigued me. Advertisements in local newspapers for just such jobs had come to my attention in the obvi- |
20-21 |
| Cold Buns And The Cosa Nostra |
20-21 |
| Cold Buns And The Cosa Nostra |
20-21 |
| ous way. Several women of my ac­quaintance applied. A few actually signed on. Nude dancing is not an underground myth but a thriving reality. I asked Maijorie to tell me some of her experiences. |
20-21 |
| ous way. Several women of my ac­quaintance applied. A few actually signed on. Nude dancing is not an underground myth but a thriving reality. I asked Maijorie to tell me some of her experiences. |
20-21 |
| Marjorie: When I went around the world the first time, I came back to Portland very broke. I needed to do something. I went to Didak’s cafe with the want ads. I found this one that said, “Dancers needed, no experience necessary.” They pay your way and fly you to Anchorage. I still had the momentum from having traveled, so I went to the agent and signed a ten- week contract, did all the business and was sent to Alaska the next day. |
20-21 |
| Marjorie: When I went around the world the first time, I came back to Portland very broke. I needed to do something. I went to Didak’s cafe with the want ads. I found this one that said, “Dancers needed, no experience necessary.” They pay your way and fly you to Anchorage. I still had the momentum from having traveled, so I went to the agent and signed a ten- week contract, did all the business and was sent to Alaska the next day. |
20-21 |
| What was the place that had hired you? |
20-21 |
| What was the place that had hired you? |
20-21 |
| A skin club. I had danced profes­sionally six years before, and the bait, which I had forgotten, was quick money. Theoretically you’re going to get a certain amount of money in so many days and it sounds like a lot and seems very inviting. The hassle that I had with the Mafia had to do with a dancing trip. That’s another inter­esting story. But I flew up to Alaska in the spring of ’76. I had signed a per­sonal services contract for a ten-week dancing gig. I lived in a house behind the club with nine other d |
20-21 |
| A skin club. I had danced profes­sionally six years before, and the bait, which I had forgotten, was quick money. Theoretically you’re going to get a certain amount of money in so many days and it sounds like a lot and seems very inviting. The hassle that I had with the Mafia had to do with a dancing trip. That’s another inter­esting story. But I flew up to Alaska in the spring of ’76. I had signed a per­sonal services contract for a ten-week dancing gig. I lived in a house behind the club with nine other d |
20-21 |
| them for an hour so they can clean. There were seven dancers on one shift and.we would all get ready to dance at the club and troop over together. That was an odd part of it, as we came in each night, all perfumed in formal evening gowns, walking through the snow to the back door of the club, everyone would turn around and look at us. We felt very degraded by having to punch in at a time clock right in front of the customers. |
20-21 |
| them for an hour so they can clean. There were seven dancers on one shift and.we would all get ready to dance at the club and troop over together. That was an odd part of it, as we came in each night, all perfumed in formal evening gowns, walking through the snow to the back door of the club, everyone would turn around and look at us. We felt very degraded by having to punch in at a time clock right in front of the customers. |
20-21 |
| The first time we would come out on stage we’d have a little bikini outfit on. They deducted from my check for mine because I didn’t have my own. I got a blue one and the young G.I.s in the audience would call me “Blue,” and they’d yell, “Come on, Blue!” The first song, you’re in your bikini. The second song you have your top off, and the next song you’re completely nude. |
20-21 |
| The first time we would come out on stage we’d have a little bikini outfit on. They deducted from my check for mine because I didn’t have my own. I got a blue one and the young G.I.s in the audience would call me “Blue,” and they’d yell, “Come on, Blue!” The first song, you’re in your bikini. The second song you have your top off, and the next song you’re completely nude. |
20-21 |
| There was one girl who I’ll call Lee, who would be announced by the ex- Las Vegas showgirl manager (who was a real bitch) as “the sexy Lee from Great Falls.” Lee came out on her third song and revealed, to everybody’s amazement (I was thoroughly shocked and completely fascinated myself) that she had a tail. It was about three inches long. Her backbone was ex- tenided. It was brown and kind of twiisted. It looked a little strange. She hacd a great ass and wore a red wig. Shee had tattoos and she wore hats an |
20-21 |
| There was one girl who I’ll call Lee, who would be announced by the ex- Las Vegas showgirl manager (who was a real bitch) as “the sexy Lee from Great Falls.” Lee came out on her third song and revealed, to everybody’s amazement (I was thoroughly shocked and completely fascinated myself) that she had a tail. It was about three inches long. Her backbone was ex- tenided. It was brown and kind of twiisted. It looked a little strange. She hacd a great ass and wore a red wig. Shee had tattoos and she wore hats an |
20-21 |
| What was really interesting to the aucdience, and what seems to be the poiint in nude dancing, is more the speectacle rather than the symmetric or beaautiful. Being a spectacle was where it wwas at. |
20-21 |
| What was really interesting to the aucdience, and what seems to be the poiint in nude dancing, is more the speectacle rather than the symmetric or beaautiful. Being a spectacle was where it wwas at. |
20-21 |
| TThe legal age for drinking and for |
20-21 |
| TThe legal age for drinking and for |
20-21 |
| the nude dancing was 19, but some of the girls would come with false I.D. and they’d be very young, like 16. |
20-21 |
| the nude dancing was 19, but some of the girls would come with false I.D. and they’d be very young, like 16. |
20-21 |
| Each of the girls became very inter­esting to me. There was one girl who was about 17, who had a hemorrhage in one of her eyes. She wore permanent false eyelashes and they cast shadows on her face. She had a white cottage cheese billowy kind of girl’s body with bruises all over it. Little pink nipples and this gargantuan body. She was a speed freak and she had a gun. She’d lie on her back and sleep with her shades on for a few hours a day with the gun under her pillow. She slept in the hall. We were very cr |
20-21 |
| Each of the girls became very inter­esting to me. There was one girl who was about 17, who had a hemorrhage in one of her eyes. She wore permanent false eyelashes and they cast shadows on her face. She had a white cottage cheese billowy kind of girl’s body with bruises all over it. Little pink nipples and this gargantuan body. She was a speed freak and she had a gun. She’d lie on her back and sleep with her shades on for a few hours a day with the gun under her pillow. She slept in the hall. We were very cr |
20-21 |
| There was also a gambling estab­lishment downstairs from us and we would hear the men yell, “Come on, seven!” up through the shower drains. It was a funny place to live. I loved the |
20-21 |
| There was also a gambling estab­lishment downstairs from us and we would hear the men yell, “Come on, seven!” up through the shower drains. It was a funny place to live. I loved the |
20-21 |
| girls. Those are the people in the flesh trade who are real and wonderful. The people who are the management, the pimps, the bartenders, the coppers, are bad. The person who signs your check has an Italian name. You never meet him. The bartender in almost every case of nude dancing that I’ve been involved with has been a speed freak and a very touchy guy with guns. The woman manager is often a very slick ex-showgirl type who’s gotten into management. |
20-21 |
| girls. Those are the people in the flesh trade who are real and wonderful. The people who are the management, the pimps, the bartenders, the coppers, are bad. The person who signs your check has an Italian name. You never meet him. The bartender in almost every case of nude dancing that I’ve been involved with has been a speed freak and a very touchy guy with guns. The woman manager is often a very slick ex-showgirl type who’s gotten into management. |
20-21 |
| If you reveal that you’re very hip or know very much, you’re not wanted because they need to manipulate you a lot. Your way is paid up there and you are guaranteed an amount of money, but to insure that you won’t disppear on them, you are not paid for a week. They withhold the first week’s earn­ings, which is two hundred and |
20-21 |
| If you reveal that you’re very hip or know very much, you’re not wanted because they need to manipulate you a lot. Your way is paid up there and you are guaranteed an amount of money, but to insure that you won’t disppear on them, you are not paid for a week. They withhold the first week’s earn­ings, which is two hundred and |
20-21 |
| twenty-five a week. It turns out to be a hundred and sixty-four after taxes. The agent tells you that you’re apt to earn two hundred dollars a night, but he doesn't tell you how. You do that by becoming a prostitute. Otherwise you’re working for quarters. |
20-21 |
| twenty-five a week. It turns out to be a hundred and sixty-four after taxes. The agent tells you that you’re apt to earn two hundred dollars a night, but he doesn't tell you how. You do that by becoming a prostitute. Otherwise you’re working for quarters. |
20-21 |
| You are working for tips as well as salary? |
20-21 |
| You are working for tips as well as salary? |
20-21 |
| Sure. What you do is take turns dancing to the jukebox. You dance three songs each time. But it turns out you’re working 48 hours a week and you’re doing stand-up cocktail wait- ressing in between turns on stage. In other words, you never get to sit down unless somebody buys you a drink and one for themselves. And you can’t sit down for more than ten minutes unless they buy another one. You have to keep moving around. If you can sell a bottle of champagne for $30, you get a $10 kickback. It’s a $2 bottle of |
20-21 |
| Sure. What you do is take turns dancing to the jukebox. You dance three songs each time. But it turns out you’re working 48 hours a week and you’re doing stand-up cocktail wait- ressing in between turns on stage. In other words, you never get to sit down unless somebody buys you a drink and one for themselves. And you can’t sit down for more than ten minutes unless they buy another one. You have to keep moving around. If you can sell a bottle of champagne for $30, you get a $10 kickback. It’s a $2 bottle of |
20-21 |
| How much did you actually make on your Alaskan venture? Was it as profitable as the advertisement would lead you to believe? |
20-21 |
| How much did you actually make on your Alaskan venture? Was it as profitable as the advertisement would lead you to believe? |
20-21 |
| No. The idea is that in order to make the good money you become a prostitute. You can see that you get your ass transported up to the hinter lands and you’re not going to make much on tips. In between your dances you wait on tables, and you’re working 48 hours a week, which you’re not told about in the contract. You’ve got blisters all over your feet. You have to soak your feet. Every morning in the kitchen we’d have wonderful conversa­tions. We’d sit soaking our feet and smoking joints and telling our adve |
20-21 |
| No. The idea is that in order to make the good money you become a prostitute. You can see that you get your ass transported up to the hinter lands and you’re not going to make much on tips. In between your dances you wait on tables, and you’re working 48 hours a week, which you’re not told about in the contract. You’ve got blisters all over your feet. You have to soak your feet. Every morning in the kitchen we’d have wonderful conversa­tions. We’d sit soaking our feet and smoking joints and telling our adve |
20-21 |
| Of course, you get hustled by people. The hangers-on wait around until you get off work at five o’clock in the morning and they want to take you out to breakfast. That’s what they call it. A lot of people who hang around are pimps with red beautiful suits and broad-brimmed hats and big fancy soft cars and rings on their fingers. They’ll sweep you away to steak and eggs. But all I really wanted to do was go soak my feet and smoke joints, and get the fuck away from everybody except the other dancers. I really |
20-21 |
| Of course, you get hustled by people. The hangers-on wait around until you get off work at five o’clock in the morning and they want to take you out to breakfast. That’s what they call it. A lot of people who hang around are pimps with red beautiful suits and broad-brimmed hats and big fancy soft cars and rings on their fingers. They’ll sweep you away to steak and eggs. But all I really wanted to do was go soak my feet and smoke joints, and get the fuck away from everybody except the other dancers. I really |
20-21 |
| For myself I decided not to become a prostitute and to try to get out of there straight. So I just hustled for those quarters. I made about $20 a night. Sometimes people would stick money in my garter. At the end of a dance when you’re on stage, people throw spare change onto the stage. You’re completely nude and you don’t want to bend over for spare change, so you try to slide the money off stage with your shoes. I won’t romanticize it. I don’t recommend it at all. It’s the choice that women in this societ |
20-21 |
| For myself I decided not to become a prostitute and to try to get out of there straight. So I just hustled for those quarters. I made about $20 a night. Sometimes people would stick money in my garter. At the end of a dance when you’re on stage, people throw spare change onto the stage. You’re completely nude and you don’t want to bend over for spare change, so you try to slide the money off stage with your shoes. I won’t romanticize it. I don’t recommend it at all. It’s the choice that women in this societ |
20-21 |
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| Div |
22 |
| Figure |
22 |
| Dinah, Snoopy and J. P. Stevens climb into the same seamy bed... |
22 |
| Dinah, Snoopy and J. P. Stevens climb into the same seamy bed... |
22 |
| What do Dinah Shore, Snoopy, Suzanne Pleshette, Yves St. Laurent. Linus, and Charlie Brown have in common? Would you’believe they are all in cahoots with one of the most vicious, deceitful, and hard-to-catch outlaws in American history? Lovely Dinah? No! Li’l Snoopy and Wood- stock and all the other cuddlies from Peanuts? Impossible! Classy and fash­ionable Yves St. Laurent? Never! Well, yes they are. every one of them, and others. What these celebrities do is lend their “names” for marketing textile produc |
22 |
| What do Dinah Shore, Snoopy, Suzanne Pleshette, Yves St. Laurent. Linus, and Charlie Brown have in common? Would you’believe they are all in cahoots with one of the most vicious, deceitful, and hard-to-catch outlaws in American history? Lovely Dinah? No! Li’l Snoopy and Wood- stock and all the other cuddlies from Peanuts? Impossible! Classy and fash­ionable Yves St. Laurent? Never! Well, yes they are. every one of them, and others. What these celebrities do is lend their “names” for marketing textile produc |
22 |
| The Stevens textile company, or “JP,” as they are not so affectionately known to their employees, is fast gain­ing in fame and reputation, but not for the quality of their products or the notoriety of their designs. No, “JP” is fast becoming a household word in union and labor circles because, in the words of National Labor Relations Board (NLRB). Stevens has violated U.S. labor and civil rights laws “on a scale unmatched by any other corpor­ation in American history.” |
22 |
| The Stevens textile company, or “JP,” as they are not so affectionately known to their employees, is fast gain­ing in fame and reputation, but not for the quality of their products or the notoriety of their designs. No, “JP” is fast becoming a household word in union and labor circles because, in the words of National Labor Relations Board (NLRB). Stevens has violated U.S. labor and civil rights laws “on a scale unmatched by any other corpor­ation in American history.” |
22 |
| The J. P. Stevens story of doing whatever it takes, “by any means necessary,” to keep their mills and factories clean of unionism, is a long and dirty one. For 16 years, workers and union organizers have been strug­gling to win union representation and a much-needed contract from the company. This effort has been repeat­edly put down by nasty and illegal resistance and reprisals from the clothing and white goods giant. |
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| The J. P. Stevens story of doing whatever it takes, “by any means necessary,” to keep their mills and factories clean of unionism, is a long and dirty one. For 16 years, workers and union organizers have been strug­gling to win union representation and a much-needed contract from the company. This effort has been repeat­edly put down by nasty and illegal resistance and reprisals from the clothing and white goods giant. |
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| “JP” has been found guilty of dis­criminatory employment practices, firing and threatening pro-union em­ployees, and the coercion of employees through physical and mental interro­gation. “JP” has also been found guilty of tax evasion, price fixing, and vio­lating numerous health and safety standards. Since 1963, ol' “JP” has been found guilty of violating the Na­tional Labor Relations Act 18 times, and most of these convictions involved multiple violations. |
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| “JP” has been found guilty of dis­criminatory employment practices, firing and threatening pro-union em­ployees, and the coercion of employees through physical and mental interro­gation. “JP” has also been found guilty of tax evasion, price fixing, and vio­lating numerous health and safety standards. Since 1963, ol' “JP” has been found guilty of violating the Na­tional Labor Relations Act 18 times, and most of these convictions involved multiple violations. |
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| A typical case of “JP’s” renowned disregard for laws and working stan­dards was reported by the Occupa­tional Safety and Health Adminis­tration. the Labor Department’s chief regulatory agency. In 1977 OSHA inspected seven Steven’s plants in North and South Carolina and issued 96 citations for health violations, an average of 12 per factory. Among the outstanding violations were the noise level, reported at 105 decibels (greatly exceeding federally permissible levels), and cotton and fiber dust in the air at |
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| A typical case of “JP’s” renowned disregard for laws and working stan­dards was reported by the Occupa­tional Safety and Health Adminis­tration. the Labor Department’s chief regulatory agency. In 1977 OSHA inspected seven Steven’s plants in North and South Carolina and issued 96 citations for health violations, an average of 12 per factory. Among the outstanding violations were the noise level, reported at 105 decibels (greatly exceeding federally permissible levels), and cotton and fiber dust in the air at |
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| Efforts to organize Stevens’ workers to fight back against these archaic working conditions have been going on since 1963 when the forerunner of the American Clothing and Textile Work­ers Union (ACTWU) began organizing efforts in the Northeast. Since that lime, and despite the fact that the ACTWU has won numerous elections and authorization campaigns, no J. P. Stevens worker is yet protected by a union contract. This company is ada­mant in their refusal to recognize the union, or union leadership, and they |
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| Efforts to organize Stevens’ workers to fight back against these archaic working conditions have been going on since 1963 when the forerunner of the American Clothing and Textile Work­ers Union (ACTWU) began organizing efforts in the Northeast. Since that lime, and despite the fact that the ACTWU has won numerous elections and authorization campaigns, no J. P. Stevens worker is yet protected by a union contract. This company is ada­mant in their refusal to recognize the union, or union leadership, and they |
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| To keep this pledge, the company has used the most base and contemp­tible scare tactics imaginable. They have pushed, beat up, and shot at many workers who have indicated their support for the union. One union supporter returned home from work one evening to find his home burned to the ground. And if that didn’t get the message across, the burning of a relative’s home a week later convinced him that the company wasn’t too keen |
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| To keep this pledge, the company has used the most base and contemp­tible scare tactics imaginable. They have pushed, beat up, and shot at many workers who have indicated their support for the union. One union supporter returned home from work one evening to find his home burned to the ground. And if that didn’t get the message across, the burning of a relative’s home a week later convinced him that the company wasn’t too keen |
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| on union people. |
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| on union people. |
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| The company has employed public relations firms to depict the union as a fly-by-night alliance of “mafia gang­sters” and “communists” who are only interested in collecting their dues. They warn the employees in radio and newspaper announcements, as well as a steady barrage of scary propaganda in the factories, that the union “will be gone as soon as the election is over, but you will still have to live here.” |
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| The company has employed public relations firms to depict the union as a fly-by-night alliance of “mafia gang­sters” and “communists” who are only interested in collecting their dues. They warn the employees in radio and newspaper announcements, as well as a steady barrage of scary propaganda in the factories, that the union “will be gone as soon as the election is over, but you will still have to live here.” |
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| If that’s too subtle, the company isn’t shy about cutting right to the heart of the matter. As Jack McGill, |
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| If that’s too subtle, the company isn’t shy about cutting right to the heart of the matter. As Jack McGill, |
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| Kissing Off the Workers by Kevin Mulligan |
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| Kissing Off the Workers by Kevin Mulligan |
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| plant manager of the Stevens’ Walter­boro, South Carolina, told workers before a union election, if you vote for the union “and lose the election, the union people will be gone tomorrow, but the company will always hold it against you.” |
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| plant manager of the Stevens’ Walter­boro, South Carolina, told workers before a union election, if you vote for the union “and lose the election, the union people will be gone tomorrow, but the company will always hold it against you.” |
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| Of late, “JP” seems to be improving in their tactics and manners. They have moved from blunt to subtle. As John McDonough, coordinator for ACTWU activities in New England, said, “They have gone from crude anti-union bastards to sophisticated anti-union bastards.” |
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| Of late, “JP” seems to be improving in their tactics and manners. They have moved from blunt to subtle. As John McDonough, coordinator for ACTWU activities in New England, said, “They have gone from crude anti-union bastards to sophisticated anti-union bastards.” |
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| J. P. Stevens has also gone physically from the Mid-Atlantic and New Eng­land region, where union activity has traditionally been strong, to the Old South, where just the mentioning of the word “union” can be bad for your health. In the past 25 years, Stevens has closed 21 textile mills in the North­east, eliminating 11,700 jobs. This trend has been happening throughout the clothing industry as these modern- day “robber barons” of blue jeans and tank tops flee toward cheap labor and passive workers. This ha |
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| J. P. Stevens has also gone physically from the Mid-Atlantic and New Eng­land region, where union activity has traditionally been strong, to the Old South, where just the mentioning of the word “union” can be bad for your health. In the past 25 years, Stevens has closed 21 textile mills in the North­east, eliminating 11,700 jobs. This trend has been happening throughout the clothing industry as these modern- day “robber barons” of blue jeans and tank tops flee toward cheap labor and passive workers. This ha |
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| Today, 79 of “JP’s” 83 plants are in the South, mostly in North and South Carolina. There, Stevens can pay workers at a rate 31 per cent lower than the national average (this means about $55 a week), and provide virtu­ally no health or retirement benefits. |
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| Today, 79 of “JP’s” 83 plants are in the South, mostly in North and South Carolina. There, Stevens can pay workers at a rate 31 per cent lower than the national average (this means about $55 a week), and provide virtu­ally no health or retirement benefits. |
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| A typical Stevens “factory town” is Walterboro, S. C., where 48 per cent of the population has incomes of $5,000 or less, and 91 per cent of the population receives some type of wel­fare assistance. Most Stevens workers earn about $125 per week, with no extra pay incentives or bonus for over­ |
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| A typical Stevens “factory town” is Walterboro, S. C., where 48 per cent of the population has incomes of $5,000 or less, and 91 per cent of the population receives some type of wel­fare assistance. Most Stevens workers earn about $125 per week, with no extra pay incentives or bonus for over­ |
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| time. After two years, a worker is en­titled to one week of paid vacation, but it must be taken between June 30 and July 10, when the factory closes for re-tooling. Air-conditioning is unheard of, and work breaks last ten minutes, while lunch must be con­sumed in 20 minutes, usually at your machine. |
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| time. After two years, a worker is en­titled to one week of paid vacation, but it must be taken between June 30 and July 10, when the factory closes for re-tooling. Air-conditioning is unheard of, and work breaks last ten minutes, while lunch must be con­sumed in 20 minutes, usually at your machine. |
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| To overcome these conditions and anti-union tactics, the ACTWU, an AFL-CIO member union, has pledged $1.5 million a year for the next seven years to pressure Stevens to accept unionization. They have aimed their boycott at shoppers and retail shops which handle J. P. Stevens products (see list of products in box). How suc­cessful this boycott has been is difficult to determine. True, the union still does not have a contract for one of the 44,000 “JP” employees. And Stevens’ Public Information Officer Jim Fr |
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| To overcome these conditions and anti-union tactics, the ACTWU, an AFL-CIO member union, has pledged $1.5 million a year for the next seven years to pressure Stevens to accept unionization. They have aimed their boycott at shoppers and retail shops which handle J. P. Stevens products (see list of products in box). How suc­cessful this boycott has been is difficult to determine. True, the union still does not have a contract for one of the 44,000 “JP” employees. And Stevens’ Public Information Officer Jim Fr |
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| However, after three years there are positive signs at the cash register that “JP” is slipping. Union organizers say that Stevens’ sales statistics are mis­leading and that the company is actu­ally in pretty bad shape. Sales are up, |
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| However, after three years there are positive signs at the cash register that “JP” is slipping. Union organizers say that Stevens’ sales statistics are mis­leading and that the company is actu­ally in pretty bad shape. Sales are up, |
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| they point out, because Stevens has cut prices to beat (he boycott. Profits, say the union, are way down, as are the returns on investments and the value of Stevens’ stock. “The boycott is hurting Stevens where it counts: in their profit statement and stock­holders’ pockets,” concludes one union official. |
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| they point out, because Stevens has cut prices to beat (he boycott. Profits, say the union, are way down, as are the returns on investments and the value of Stevens’ stock. “The boycott is hurting Stevens where it counts: in their profit statement and stock­holders’ pockets,” concludes one union official. |
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| Stevens’ financial troubles are backed up by evidence in a Business Week article of March 19, 1979. BW reports that Stevens’ three biggest competitors, Cannon Mills, Fieldcrest, and Spring Mills enjoyed profit in­creases of 36, 31 and 47 per cent, respectively, in 1978. For that matter, industry profits on the whole were up 23 per cent for this period. However, Stevens’ profits were up only 3 per cent during this time, despite a record sales of $1.65 billion. |
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| Stevens’ financial troubles are backed up by evidence in a Business Week article of March 19, 1979. BW reports that Stevens’ three biggest competitors, Cannon Mills, Fieldcrest, and Spring Mills enjoyed profit in­creases of 36, 31 and 47 per cent, respectively, in 1978. For that matter, industry profits on the whole were up 23 per cent for this period. However, Stevens’ profits were up only 3 per cent during this time, despite a record sales of $1.65 billion. |
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| How is this possible? Stevens’ board chairman James D. Finley answered this question at the annual stock­holders’ meeting in New York when he told “JP’s” owners that Stevens has been selling “certain products” below cost in order to increase sales. This alone is evidence that this boycott, and consumer strikes in general, can work. |
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| How is this possible? Stevens’ board chairman James D. Finley answered this question at the annual stock­holders’ meeting in New York when he told “JP’s” owners that Stevens has been selling “certain products” below cost in order to increase sales. This alone is evidence that this boycott, and consumer strikes in general, can work. |
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| In New England, where the most intense organizing efforts have taken place, retail shops are feeling the ef­fects of the boycott. The Jordan Marsh chain recently received a petition signed by 5,000 Jordan credit card holders asking that the store’s 14 retail outlets stop selling Stevens products. The store’s management admitted that the sale of Stevens’ products is down significantly and that the store is considering reducing Stevens’ stock accordingly. At Filenes stores, another New England retailer, Steve |
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| In New England, where the most intense organizing efforts have taken place, retail shops are feeling the ef­fects of the boycott. The Jordan Marsh chain recently received a petition signed by 5,000 Jordan credit card holders asking that the store’s 14 retail outlets stop selling Stevens products. The store’s management admitted that the sale of Stevens’ products is down significantly and that the store is considering reducing Stevens’ stock accordingly. At Filenes stores, another New England retailer, Steve |
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| In Portland the boycott has been slow to get going because of the lack of a full-time organizer, but this should be remedied with the assigning of ACTWU boycott coordinator Artha Adair to the Portland area. Ms. Adair told the Quarterly that she had been working in Seattle and had “some very positive responses and we hope to re­peat that in Portland.” |
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| In Portland the boycott has been slow to get going because of the lack of a full-time organizer, but this should be remedied with the assigning of ACTWU boycott coordinator Artha Adair to the Portland area. Ms. Adair told the Quarterly that she had been working in Seattle and had “some very positive responses and we hope to re­peat that in Portland.” |
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| Targets for boycotting in Portland will be all of the Meier & Frank, Lip­mans, and Frederick and Nelson stores. Ms. Adair also said that, al­though they wouldn’t be targets soon, Sears and Penney’s were on the list because they have Stevens products, although they are labeled under the store name. Others carrying “JP” products are Fred Meyer and Pay Less Drug, under the Tastemaker brand. Many fabric stores such as Discount Fabrics also carry Stevens products. |
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| Targets for boycotting in Portland will be all of the Meier & Frank, Lip­mans, and Frederick and Nelson stores. Ms. Adair also said that, al­though they wouldn’t be targets soon, Sears and Penney’s were on the list because they have Stevens products, although they are labeled under the store name. Others carrying “JP” products are Fred Meyer and Pay Less Drug, under the Tastemaker brand. Many fabric stores such as Discount Fabrics also carry Stevens products. |
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| How long the boycott will last, or how long “JP” will hold out, is any­one’s guess. In the last decade Stevens has been forced to pay $1.3 million in court fines and back pay. Recently the federal courts ordered Stevens to reim­burse the union for organizing activi­ties because they created such an at­mosphere of fear that a fair election couldn’t be held. As Ernest Robinson, a 64-year-old black worker at Stevens’ Walterboro plant, said, “JP done pay enough money for lawsuits and viola­tions now to pay ever |
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| How long the boycott will last, or how long “JP” will hold out, is any­one’s guess. In the last decade Stevens has been forced to pay $1.3 million in court fines and back pay. Recently the federal courts ordered Stevens to reim­burse the union for organizing activi­ties because they created such an at­mosphere of fear that a fair election couldn’t be held. As Ernest Robinson, a 64-year-old black worker at Stevens’ Walterboro plant, said, “JP done pay enough money for lawsuits and viola­tions now to pay ever |
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| However, there appears to be much more behind it than just the money. As John McDonough, a union orga­nizer in New England, put it, “Stevens is really in the vanguard of the new attitude of a lot of corporations, the attitude that they don’t have to pay attention to labor laws anymore.” For example, in 1967 there were 1,100 American workers who were illegally fired for taking part in union activi­ties; in 1977 there were 7,800. “Cor­porations are getting the sense that if J. P. Stevens can get away with ant |
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| However, there appears to be much more behind it than just the money. As John McDonough, a union orga­nizer in New England, put it, “Stevens is really in the vanguard of the new attitude of a lot of corporations, the attitude that they don’t have to pay attention to labor laws anymore.” For example, in 1967 there were 1,100 American workers who were illegally fired for taking part in union activi­ties; in 1977 there were 7,800. “Cor­porations are getting the sense that if J. P. Stevens can get away with ant |
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| Cruising: |
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| Cruising: |
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| Of Faggots and Free Speech |
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| Of Faggots and Free Speech |
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| By Joe Uris |
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| By Joe Uris |
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| It's noon on Christopher Street in the Village and there is this muscular young man hailing a taxi in the winter sun. He has on a blue denim wrangler shirt, black leather hat, vest, gloves, boots and chaps. If you pass behind him, as he curses a fast-cruising off- duty taxi, you will see that his pants are torn and all of his tight ass is flash­ing whitely in the bright cold golden light. |
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| It's noon on Christopher Street in the Village and there is this muscular young man hailing a taxi in the winter sun. He has on a blue denim wrangler shirt, black leather hat, vest, gloves, boots and chaps. If you pass behind him, as he curses a fast-cruising off- duty taxi, you will see that his pants are torn and all of his tight ass is flash­ing whitely in the bright cold golden light. |
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| In the movies, local color does well in the suburbs and queers are coming out of closets everywhere. Men, it turns out do have these curious memories, desires and well — aware­ness of this gay aspect. So, not even talking for the moment about women, there is this interest both in the gay life and, of course, in the more bizarre areas of human sexual and display behavior. Low-cut gowns, nasty tight asses waiting for big long disgusting or rough leather belts. That sort of thing. And people are willing to pay |
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| In the movies, local color does well in the suburbs and queers are coming out of closets everywhere. Men, it turns out do have these curious memories, desires and well — aware­ness of this gay aspect. So, not even talking for the moment about women, there is this interest both in the gay life and, of course, in the more bizarre areas of human sexual and display behavior. Low-cut gowns, nasty tight asses waiting for big long disgusting or rough leather belts. That sort of thing. And people are willing to pay |
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| But there is this tradition in the movie world which dates back of­ficially to the Hayes office, (the old Hollywood self censuring agency), that requires all sinful action to have bad consequences. In the old days, this meant women who did “it” before marriage became pregnant and alone. Nowadays the official censure is gone but traditions of that era live on. Today it means that naughty little fruits get killed by even badder creeps. |
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| But there is this tradition in the movie world which dates back of­ficially to the Hayes office, (the old Hollywood self censuring agency), that requires all sinful action to have bad consequences. In the old days, this meant women who did “it” before marriage became pregnant and alone. Nowadays the official censure is gone but traditions of that era live on. Today it means that naughty little fruits get killed by even badder creeps. |
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| Movie maker, William Friedkin, who, with such evily repressive and twisted films as The Exorcist, and Boys in The Band, has long shown a pension for finding the pot of gold at the end of the morbid rainbow, now is making a film exploiting gay stereo­types, using both violence and “just” and terrifying punishment. The movie, Cruising, starring Al Pacino, is being shot on location in the heart of the gay West Village. There are four brutal murders in the first fifteen minutes of the film. |
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| Movie maker, William Friedkin, who, with such evily repressive and twisted films as The Exorcist, and Boys in The Band, has long shown a pension for finding the pot of gold at the end of the morbid rainbow, now is making a film exploiting gay stereo­types, using both violence and “just” and terrifying punishment. The movie, Cruising, starring Al Pacino, is being shot on location in the heart of the gay West Village. There are four brutal murders in the first fifteen minutes of the film. |
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| This has not made the gay com­munity happy. There have been published ads urging the city of New York not to give site location control and other customary support to the movie because it perpetuates bad gay stereotypes and may encourage vio­lence against homosexuals. The gays rightly question whether the city would allow' an anti-black movie to be shot in Harlem, or an anti-Semitic one in Jewish Forest Hills. |
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| This has not made the gay com­munity happy. There have been published ads urging the city of New York not to give site location control and other customary support to the movie because it perpetuates bad gay stereotypes and may encourage vio­lence against homosexuals. The gays rightly question whether the city would allow' an anti-black movie to be shot in Harlem, or an anti-Semitic one in Jewish Forest Hills. |
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| There has also been some civil dis­obedience and a riot or two. In re­sponse to all the gay rage, the Exec­utive director of the New York Civil Liberties Union, Dorothy J. Samuels, has made an able civil libertarian response about tolerating unpopular or bad ideas and things. Samuels acknowledges the validity of gay outrage but councils against govern­ment involvement in deciding which film projects should and should not get city aid. |
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| There has also been some civil dis­obedience and a riot or two. In re­sponse to all the gay rage, the Exec­utive director of the New York Civil Liberties Union, Dorothy J. Samuels, has made an able civil libertarian response about tolerating unpopular or bad ideas and things. Samuels acknowledges the validity of gay outrage but councils against govern­ment involvement in deciding which film projects should and should not get city aid. |
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| Years ago Ray Bradbury made up a story about a Mexican Peasant who objected to the potential for lies and theft of identity involved in shooting fashion ads with his village as an exotic backdrop. Bradbury’s character stopped the filming by dropping his draws each time shooting started. |
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| Years ago Ray Bradbury made up a story about a Mexican Peasant who objected to the potential for lies and theft of identity involved in shooting fashion ads with his village as an exotic backdrop. Bradbury’s character stopped the filming by dropping his draws each time shooting started. |
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| Maybe freedom of expression is the tactic and naked reality literally the solution. Artistic freedom, of course means nothing when the enormous sums of money spent on promoting and making big time films is con­sidered. The fact is that it is an in­justice of great proportion that the old Hayes office morality of sexual activity equalling sin and sin requiring earthly punishment is perpetuated by men like Friedkin to their immense personal benefit. But then again, making harmful products is not just an Ameri |
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| Maybe freedom of expression is the tactic and naked reality literally the solution. Artistic freedom, of course means nothing when the enormous sums of money spent on promoting and making big time films is con­sidered. The fact is that it is an in­justice of great proportion that the old Hayes office morality of sexual activity equalling sin and sin requiring earthly punishment is perpetuated by men like Friedkin to their immense personal benefit. But then again, making harmful products is not just an Ameri |
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| Excerpts from Mystery Train... I. Prologue |
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| Excerpts from Mystery Train... I. Prologue |
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| by Greil Marcus |
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| by Greil Marcus |
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| Our story begins just after midnight, not so long ago. The Dick Cavett Show is in full swing. |
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| Our story begins just after midnight, not so long ago. The Dick Cavett Show is in full swing. |
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| Seated on Cavett’s left is John Simon, The New York Critic. On Cavett’s right, in order of distance from him, are Little Richard, Rock ’n’ Roll Singer and Weirdo; Rita Moreno, Actress; and Erich Segal, Yale Professor of Classics and Author of Love Story. Miss Moreno and Mr, Segal adored Love Story. Mr. Simon did not. Little Richard has not read it. |
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| Seated on Cavett’s left is John Simon, The New York Critic. On Cavett’s right, in order of distance from him, are Little Richard, Rock ’n’ Roll Singer and Weirdo; Rita Moreno, Actress; and Erich Segal, Yale Professor of Classics and Author of Love Story. Miss Moreno and Mr, Segal adored Love Story. Mr. Simon did not. Little Richard has not read it. |
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| Cavett is finishing a commercial. Mr. Simon is mentally rehearsing his opening thrust against Mr. Segal, who is very nervous. Miss Moreno seems to be falling asleep. Little Richard is looking for an opening. |
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| Cavett is finishing a commercial. Mr. Simon is mentally rehearsing his opening thrust against Mr. Segal, who is very nervous. Miss Moreno seems to be falling asleep. Little Richard is looking for an opening. |
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| Mr. Simon has attacked Mr. Segal. Mr. Segal attempts a reply but he is too nervous to be coherent. Mr. Simon attacks a second time. Little Richard is about to jump out of his seat and jam his face in front of the camera but Mr. Simon beats him out. He attacks Mr. Segal again. |
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| Mr. Simon has attacked Mr. Segal. Mr. Segal attempts a reply but he is too nervous to be coherent. Mr. Simon attacks a second time. Little Richard is about to jump out of his seat and jam his face in front of the camera but Mr. Simon beats him out. He attacks Mr. Segal again. |
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| “NEGATIVE! NEGATIVE NEGA­TIVE NEGATIVE!” screams Mr. Segal. He and Simon are debating a fine point in the history of Greek tragedy, to which Mr. Simon has compared Love Story unfavorably. |
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| “NEGATIVE! NEGATIVE NEGA­TIVE NEGATIVE!” screams Mr. Segal. He and Simon are debating a fine point in the history of Greek tragedy, to which Mr. Simon has compared Love Story unfavorably. |
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| “‘Neg-a-tive,’” muses Mr. Simon. “Does that mean ‘no’?” |
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| “‘Neg-a-tive,’” muses Mr. Simon. “Does that mean ‘no’?” |
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| Mr. Segal attempts, unsuccessfully, to ignore Mr. Simon’s contempt for his odd patois, and claims that the critics were wrong about Aeschylus. He implies that Simon would have walked out on the Oresteia. Backed by the audience, which sounds like a Philadelphia baseball crowd that has somehow mistaken Mr. Simon for Richie Allen, Segal presses his advan­tage. Little Richard sits back in his chair, momentarily intimidated. |
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| Mr. Segal attempts, unsuccessfully, to ignore Mr. Simon’s contempt for his odd patois, and claims that the critics were wrong about Aeschylus. He implies that Simon would have walked out on the Oresteia. Backed by the audience, which sounds like a Philadelphia baseball crowd that has somehow mistaken Mr. Simon for Richie Allen, Segal presses his advan­tage. Little Richard sits back in his chair, momentarily intimidated. |
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| “MILLIONS OF PEOPLE WERE DEEPLY MOVED by my book,” cries Segal, forgetting to sit up straight and slumping in his chair until his body is near parallel with the floor. “AND IF ALL THOSE PEOPLE LIKED IT—” (Segal's voice has now achieved a curious tremolo) “7 MUST BE DOING SOMETHING RIGHT!" |
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| “MILLIONS OF PEOPLE WERE DEEPLY MOVED by my book,” cries Segal, forgetting to sit up straight and slumping in his chair until his body is near parallel with the floor. “AND IF ALL THOSE PEOPLE LIKED IT—” (Segal's voice has now achieved a curious tremolo) “7 MUST BE DOING SOMETHING RIGHT!" |
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| The effort has exhausted Segal, and as he takes a deep breath Little Richard begins to rise from his seat. Again, Simon is too fast for him. Simon attempts to make Segal under­stand that he is amazed that anyone, especially Segal, takes this trash to be anything more than, well, trash. |
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| The effort has exhausted Segal, and as he takes a deep breath Little Richard begins to rise from his seat. Again, Simon is too fast for him. Simon attempts to make Segal under­stand that he is amazed that anyone, especially Segal, takes this trash to be anything more than, well, trash. |
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| “I have read it and reread it many times,” counters Segal with great honesty. “I am always moved.” |
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| “I have read it and reread it many times,” counters Segal with great honesty. “I am always moved.” |
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| “Mr. Segal,” says Simon, having confused the bull with his cape and now moving in for the kill, "you had the choice of acting the knave or the fool. You have chosen the latter.” |
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| “Mr. Segal,” says Simon, having confused the bull with his cape and now moving in for the kill, "you had the choice of acting the knave or the fool. You have chosen the latter.” |
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| Segal is stunned. Cavett is stunned. He calls for a commercial. Little Richard considers the situation. |
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| Segal is stunned. Cavett is stunned. He calls for a commercial. Little Richard considers the situation. |
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| The battle resumes. Segal has now slumped even lower in his chair, if that is possible, and seems to be arguing with the ceiling. "You're only a critic,” he says as if to Simon. “What have you ever written? What do you know about art? Never in the history of art...” |
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| The battle resumes. Segal has now slumped even lower in his chair, if that is possible, and seems to be arguing with the ceiling. "You're only a critic,” he says as if to Simon. “What have you ever written? What do you know about art? Never in the history of art...” |
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| “WHY, NEVER IN THE HISTORY!” |
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| “WHY, NEVER IN THE HISTORY!” |
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| The time has come. Little Richard makes his move. Leaping from his seat, he takes the floor, arms waving, hair coming undone, eyes wild, mouth working. He advances on Segal, Cavett, and Simon, who cringe as one man. The camera cuts to a close-up of Segal, who looks miserable, then to Simon, who is attempting to compose the sort of bemused expression he would have if, say, someone were to |
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| The time has come. Little Richard makes his move. Leaping from his seat, he takes the floor, arms waving, hair coming undone, eyes wild, mouth working. He advances on Segal, Cavett, and Simon, who cringe as one man. The camera cuts to a close-up of Segal, who looks miserable, then to Simon, who is attempting to compose the sort of bemused expression he would have if, say, someone were to |
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| defecate on the floor. Little Richard is audible off-camera, and then his face quickly fills the screen. |
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| defecate on the floor. Little Richard is audible off-camera, and then his face quickly fills the screen. |
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| “WHY, YES, IN THE WHOLE HISTORY OF AAART! THAT’S RIGHT! SHUT UP! SHUT UP! WHAT DO YOU KNOW, MR CRITIC? WHY, WHEN THE CREEDENCE CLEARWATER PUT OUT WITH THEIR ‘TRAVELN’ BAND’ EVERYBODY SAY WHEEE- OOO BUT I KNOW IT CUZ THEY ONLY DOING ‘LONG TALL SALLY’ JUST LIKE THE BEATLES AND- THESTONESANDTOMJONESAND- ELVIS—I AM ALL OF IT, LITTLE RICHARD HIMSELF, VERY TRULY THE GREATEST, THE HANDSOMEST, AND NOW TO YOU (to Segal, who now appears to be on the floor) AND TO YOU [to Simon, who looks to Cavett as if to say, reall |
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| “WHY, YES, IN THE WHOLE HISTORY OF AAART! THAT’S RIGHT! SHUT UP! SHUT UP! WHAT DO YOU KNOW, MR CRITIC? WHY, WHEN THE CREEDENCE CLEARWATER PUT OUT WITH THEIR ‘TRAVELN’ BAND’ EVERYBODY SAY WHEEE- OOO BUT I KNOW IT CUZ THEY ONLY DOING ‘LONG TALL SALLY’ JUST LIKE THE BEATLES AND- THESTONESANDTOMJONESAND- ELVIS—I AM ALL OF IT, LITTLE RICHARD HIMSELF, VERY TRULY THE GREATEST, THE HANDSOMEST, AND NOW TO YOU (to Segal, who now appears to be on the floor) AND TO YOU [to Simon, who looks to Cavett as if to say, reall |
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| "HE GOT WHAT HE WANTED BUT HE LOST WHAT HE HAD! THAT’S IT! SHUT UP! SHUT UP! SHUT UP! HE GOT WHAT HE WANTED BUT HE LOST WHAT HE HAD! THE STORY OF MY LIFE. CAN YOU DIG IT? THAT’S MY BOY LITTLE RICHARD, SURE IS. OO MAH SOUL!” |
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| "HE GOT WHAT HE WANTED BUT HE LOST WHAT HE HAD! THAT’S IT! SHUT UP! SHUT UP! SHUT UP! HE GOT WHAT HE WANTED BUT HE LOST WHAT HE HAD! THE STORY OF MY LIFE. CAN YOU DIG IT? THAT’S MY BOY LITTLE RICHARD, SURE IS. OO MAH SOUL!” |
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| Little Richard flies back to his chair and slams down into it. “WHEEEE- OO! OOO MAH SOUL! OO mah soul...” |
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| Little Richard flies back to his chair and slams down into it. “WHEEEE- OO! OOO MAH SOUL! OO mah soul...” |
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| Little Richard sits with the arbiters of taste, oblivious to their bitter stares, savoring his moment. He is Little Richard. Who are they? Who will remember Erich Segal, John Simon, Dick Cavett? Who will care? Ah, but Little Richard, Little Richard Himself! There is a man who matters. He |
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| Little Richard sits with the arbiters of taste, oblivious to their bitter stares, savoring his moment. He is Little Richard. Who are they? Who will remember Erich Segal, John Simon, Dick Cavett? Who will care? Ah, but Little Richard, Little Richard Himself! There is a man who matters. He |
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| knows how to rock. |
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| knows how to rock. |
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| A phrase that Little Richard snatched off Erich Segal stays in my mind: “Never in the history — in the whole history of art..." And that was it. Little Richard was the only artist on the set that night, the only man who disrupted an era, the only man with a claim to immortality. The one who broke rules, created a form; the one who gave shape to a vitality that wailed silently in each of us until he found a voice for it. |
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| A phrase that Little Richard snatched off Erich Segal stays in my mind: “Never in the history — in the whole history of art..." And that was it. Little Richard was the only artist on the set that night, the only man who disrupted an era, the only man with a claim to immortality. The one who broke rules, created a form; the one who gave shape to a vitality that wailed silently in each of us until he found a voice for it. |
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| He is the rock, the jive bomber, the savant. “Tutti Frutti” was his first hit, breaking off the radio in 1955 to shuffle the bland expectations of white youth; fifteen years later the Weirdo on the Cavett Show reached back for whatever he had left and busted up an argument about the meaning of art with a spirit that recalled the absurd promise of his glory days, "I HAVE WRITTEN A BOOK, MYSELF, AND IT’S CALLED...” |
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| He is the rock, the jive bomber, the savant. “Tutti Frutti” was his first hit, breaking off the radio in 1955 to shuffle the bland expectations of white youth; fifteen years later the Weirdo on the Cavett Show reached back for whatever he had left and busted up an argument about the meaning of art with a spirit that recalled the absurd promise of his glory days, "I HAVE WRITTEN A BOOK, MYSELF, AND IT’S CALLED...” |
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| Listening now to Little Richard, to Elvis, to Jerry Lee Lewis, the Monotones, the Drifters, Chuck Berry, and dozens of others, I feel a sense of awe at how fine their music was. I can only marvel at their arrogance, their humor, their delight. They were so sure of themselves. They sang as if they knew they were destined to survive not only a few weeks on the charts but to make history; to displace the dreary events of the fifties in the memories of those who heard their records; and to anchor a music that t |
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| Listening now to Little Richard, to Elvis, to Jerry Lee Lewis, the Monotones, the Drifters, Chuck Berry, and dozens of others, I feel a sense of awe at how fine their music was. I can only marvel at their arrogance, their humor, their delight. They were so sure of themselves. They sang as if they knew they were destined to survive not only a few weeks on the charts but to make history; to displace the dreary events of the fifties in the memories of those who heard their records; and to anchor a music that t |
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| Figure |
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| Somewhere, sometime, a murder took place: a man called Stack-a-lee— or Stacker Lee, Stagolee, or Staggerlee —shot a man called Billy Lyons. It is a story that black America has never tired of hearing and never stopped living out, like whites with their West­erns. Locked in the images of a thou­sand versions of the tale is an archetype that speaks to fantasies of casual vio­lence and violent sex, lust and hatred, ease and mastery, a fantasy of style and steppin’ high. At a deeper level it is a fantasy of no- |
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| Somewhere, sometime, a murder took place: a man called Stack-a-lee— or Stacker Lee, Stagolee, or Staggerlee —shot a man called Billy Lyons. It is a story that black America has never tired of hearing and never stopped living out, like whites with their West­erns. Locked in the images of a thou­sand versions of the tale is an archetype that speaks to fantasies of casual vio­lence and violent sex, lust and hatred, ease and mastery, a fantasy of style and steppin’ high. At a deeper level it is a fantasy of no- |
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| Billy died for a five-dollar Stetson hat: because he beat Staggerlee in a card game, or a ’crap game; because Stack was cheating and Billy was fool enough to call him on it. It happened in Memphis around the turn of the century, in New Orleans in the twen­ties, in St. Louis in the eighties. The style of the killing matters, though: Staggerlee shot BiUy, in the words of a Johnny Cash song, just to watch him die. |
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| Billy died for a five-dollar Stetson hat: because he beat Staggerlee in a card game, or a ’crap game; because Stack was cheating and Billy was fool enough to call him on it. It happened in Memphis around the turn of the century, in New Orleans in the twen­ties, in St. Louis in the eighties. The style of the killing matters, though: Staggerlee shot BiUy, in the words of a Johnny Cash song, just to watch him die. |
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| Sometimes it was a cautionary tale, as in Mississippi John Hurt’s version, recorded in 1929. |
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| Sometimes it was a cautionary tale, as in Mississippi John Hurt’s version, recorded in 1929. |
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| Po-lice officer, how can it be |
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| Po-lice officer, how can it be |
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| You can 'rest everybody, but cru-ei Stagolee |
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| You can 'rest everybody, but cru-ei Stagolee |
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| That bad man, Oh, cru-el Stagolee |
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| That bad man, Oh, cru-el Stagolee |
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| Billy the Lion tol’ Stagolee Please don’t take my life |
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| Billy the Lion tol’ Stagolee Please don’t take my life |
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| I got two little babes, and a darlin ’ lovely wife |
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| I got two little babes, and a darlin ’ lovely wife |
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| That bad man, Oh, cruel Stagolee |
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| That bad man, Oh, cruel Stagolee |
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| What I care about your two little babes |
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| What I care about your two little babes |
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| Your darlin ’ lovely wife |
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| Your darlin ’ lovely wife |
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| You done stole my Stetson hat I’m bound to take your life That bad man, Oh, cruel Stagolee |
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| You done stole my Stetson hat I’m bound to take your life That bad man, Oh, cruel Stagolee |
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| Boom-boom, boom-boom, went a .44 Well, when I spied ol’ Billy the Lion He was lyin ’ on the floor That bad man. Oh, cruel Stagolee |
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| Boom-boom, boom-boom, went a .44 Well, when I spied ol’ Billy the Lion He was lyin ’ on the floor That bad man. Oh, cruel Stagolee |
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| Gentlemens of the jury, what you think of that |
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| Gentlemens of the jury, what you think of that |
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| Stagolee shot Billy the Lion ’bout a |
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| Stagolee shot Billy the Lion ’bout a |
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| five-dollar Stetson hat |
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| five-dollar Stetson hat |
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| That bad man, Oh, cruel Stagolee |
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| That bad man, Oh, cruel Stagolee |
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| If that was something like the origi­nal idea of the story, it didn’t hold up very long. Usually, no white sheriff had the nerve to take Stack on, and he got away. When he didn’t—when he was caught and hung—it was only for a chance to beat the devil. The song carried Staggerlee down to hell, where he took over the place and made it into a black man's paradise. |
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| If that was something like the origi­nal idea of the story, it didn’t hold up very long. Usually, no white sheriff had the nerve to take Stack on, and he got away. When he didn’t—when he was caught and hung—it was only for a chance to beat the devil. The song carried Staggerlee down to hell, where he took over the place and made it into a black man's paradise. |
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| Innocent Billy was no longer seen as a helpless victim, but as a hapless fool. Staggerlee’s secret admirers came out of the woodwork; the women (all dressed in red) flocked to his funeral |
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| Innocent Billy was no longer seen as a helpless victim, but as a hapless fool. Staggerlee’s secret admirers came out of the woodwork; the women (all dressed in red) flocked to his funeral |
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| II. Stack-o-lee |
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| II. Stack-o-lee |
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| (it was the best money could buy). Stagolee was a winner. “GO!” shouted Lloyd Price, caught up in the legend, “GO! GO! Staggerlee!” |
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| (it was the best money could buy). Stagolee was a winner. “GO!” shouted Lloyd Price, caught up in the legend, “GO! GO! Staggerlee!” |
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| Nobody’s fool, nobody’s man, tougher than the devil and out of God’s reach—to those who followed his story and thus became a part of it. Stack-o- Lee was ultimately a stone-tough image of a free man. |
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| Nobody’s fool, nobody’s man, tougher than the devil and out of God’s reach—to those who followed his story and thus became a part of it. Stack-o- Lee was ultimately a stone-tough image of a free man. |
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| In the blues, Stack changed names, but little else. He was the Crawling Kingsnake; Tommy Johnson pouring Sterno down his throat, singing, “Canned heat, canned heat is killing me”; Muddy Waters’ cool and ele­mental Rollin’ Stone; Chuck Berry’s |
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| In the blues, Stack changed names, but little else. He was the Crawling Kingsnake; Tommy Johnson pouring Sterno down his throat, singing, “Canned heat, canned heat is killing me”; Muddy Waters’ cool and ele­mental Rollin’ Stone; Chuck Berry’s |
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| Brown-Eyed Handsome Man; Bo Did­dley with a tombstone hand and a graveyard mind; Wilson Pickett’s Midnight Mover; Mick Jagger’s Mid­night Rambler. |
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| Brown-Eyed Handsome Man; Bo Did­dley with a tombstone hand and a graveyard mind; Wilson Pickett’s Midnight Mover; Mick Jagger’s Mid­night Rambler. |
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| Stack rode free as the Back Door Man in the deadly electric blues of Howlin’ Wolf (“’Cuse me for murder/ First degree/Judge’s wife cried, Let the man go free!// am... ”), and gave up the ghost, proud never to rest easy, in “Going Down Slow.” Stagolee was a secret, buried deep in the heart as well as ruling the streets: in Bobby Marchan’s “There Is Something on Your Mind,” Stackerlee crawled out of a man who only wanted love and pulled the trigger that turned love into death. When the civil rights movement g |
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| Stack rode free as the Back Door Man in the deadly electric blues of Howlin’ Wolf (“’Cuse me for murder/ First degree/Judge’s wife cried, Let the man go free!// am... ”), and gave up the ghost, proud never to rest easy, in “Going Down Slow.” Stagolee was a secret, buried deep in the heart as well as ruling the streets: in Bobby Marchan’s “There Is Something on Your Mind,” Stackerlee crawled out of a man who only wanted love and pulled the trigger that turned love into death. When the civil rights movement g |
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| “Stagger Lee shot Billy....” The line echoes from Lloyd Price’s rock ’n’ roll hit through fifty years of black cul­ture, passing, on its way back to its hidden source, thousands and thou­sands of Staggerlees and Billys. There is an echo for Jimi Hendrix, a star at twenty-two and dead at twenty-four; for Sly Stone, “not,” as was said of Bob Dylan once, “burning his candle at both ends, but using a blow torch on the middle”; for young men dead in alleys or cold in the city morgue; for a million busted liquor |
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| “Stagger Lee shot Billy....” The line echoes from Lloyd Price’s rock ’n’ roll hit through fifty years of black cul­ture, passing, on its way back to its hidden source, thousands and thou­sands of Staggerlees and Billys. There is an echo for Jimi Hendrix, a star at twenty-two and dead at twenty-four; for Sly Stone, “not,” as was said of Bob Dylan once, “burning his candle at both ends, but using a blow torch on the middle”; for young men dead in alleys or cold in the city morgue; for a million busted liquor |
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| III. King of the Delta Blues |
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| III. King of the Delta Blues |
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| ROBERT JOHNSON |
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| ROBERT JOHNSON |
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| Johnson’s vision was of a world without salvation, redemption, or rest; it was a vision he resisted, laughed at, to which he gave himself over, but most of all it was a vision he pursued. He walked his road like a failed, orphaned Puritan, looking for women and a good night, but never convinced, whether he found such things or not, that they were really what he wanted, and so framing his tales with old echoes of sin and damnation. There were demons in his songs—blues that walked like a man, the devil, or th |
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| Johnson’s vision was of a world without salvation, redemption, or rest; it was a vision he resisted, laughed at, to which he gave himself over, but most of all it was a vision he pursued. He walked his road like a failed, orphaned Puritan, looking for women and a good night, but never convinced, whether he found such things or not, that they were really what he wanted, and so framing his tales with old echoes of sin and damnation. There were demons in his songs—blues that walked like a man, the devil, or th |
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| Early this morning |
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| Early this morning |
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| When you knocked upon my door Early this morning |
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| When you knocked upon my door Early this morning |
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| When you knocked upon my door I said, Hello, Satan |
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| When you knocked upon my door I said, Hello, Satan |
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| I believe it’s time, to go |
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| I believe it’s time, to go |
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| the only memory in American art that speaks with the same eerie resignation is that moment when Ahab goes over to the devil-worshiping Parsees he kept stowed away in the hold of the Pequod. That is a remarkable image, but John­son’s images were simply part of daily life. |
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| the only memory in American art that speaks with the same eerie resignation is that moment when Ahab goes over to the devil-worshiping Parsees he kept stowed away in the hold of the Pequod. That is a remarkable image, but John­son’s images were simply part of daily life. |
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| Me and the devil, was walking side by side |
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| Me and the devil, was walking side by side |
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| Oooo, me and the devil, was walking side by side |
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| Oooo, me and the devil, was walking side by side |
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| I’m going to beat my woman, until I get satisfied |
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| I’m going to beat my woman, until I get satisfied |
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| It may seem strange that in the black country South of the twenties and thirties, where the leap to grace of gospel music was at the heart of the community, the blues singers, in a twisted way, were the real Puritans. These men, who had to renounce the blues to be sanctified, who often sneered at the preachers in their songs, were the ones who really be­lieved in the devil; they feared the devil most because they knew him best. They understood, far better than the preachers, why sex was man’s original sin, |
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| It may seem strange that in the black country South of the twenties and thirties, where the leap to grace of gospel music was at the heart of the community, the blues singers, in a twisted way, were the real Puritans. These men, who had to renounce the blues to be sanctified, who often sneered at the preachers in their songs, were the ones who really be­lieved in the devil; they feared the devil most because they knew him best. They understood, far better than the preachers, why sex was man’s original sin, |
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| This side of the blues did not come from Africa, but from the Puritan revival of the Great Awakening, the revival that spread across the Ameri­can colonies more than two hundred years ago. It was an explosion of dread and piety that Southern whites passed onto their slaves and that blacks ulti­mately refashioned into their own religion. The blues singers accepted the dread but refused the piety; they sang as if their understanding of the devil was strong enough to force a belief in God out of their lives. T |
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| This side of the blues did not come from Africa, but from the Puritan revival of the Great Awakening, the revival that spread across the Ameri­can colonies more than two hundred years ago. It was an explosion of dread and piety that Southern whites passed onto their slaves and that blacks ulti­mately refashioned into their own religion. The blues singers accepted the dread but refused the piety; they sang as if their understanding of the devil was strong enough to force a belief in God out of their lives. T |
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| Or perhaps that is not the truth; perhaps Robert Johnson was very different from other blues singers. For all his clear stylistic ties to Son House, |
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| Or perhaps that is not the truth; perhaps Robert Johnson was very different from other blues singers. For all his clear stylistic ties to Son House, |
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| Skip James, and others, there are ways in which he stands apart. Part of this is musical—it has to do with the qua­lity of his imagery, his impulse to drama, the immediacy of his singing and guitar playing—but mostly it is Johnson’s determination to go farther into the blues than anyone else, and his ability, as an artist, to get there. Anyone from Muddy Waters to Mick Jagger to Michael Jackson could put across the inspired pornography of Johnson’s “Terraplane [a good, rough car of the thirties] Blues”— |
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| Skip James, and others, there are ways in which he stands apart. Part of this is musical—it has to do with the qua­lity of his imagery, his impulse to drama, the immediacy of his singing and guitar playing—but mostly it is Johnson’s determination to go farther into the blues than anyone else, and his ability, as an artist, to get there. Anyone from Muddy Waters to Mick Jagger to Michael Jackson could put across the inspired pornography of Johnson’s “Terraplane [a good, rough car of the thirties] Blues”— |
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| I’m gonna get deep down in this connection |
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| I’m gonna get deep down in this connection |
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| Keep on tangling with your wires I’m gonna get deep down in this connection |
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| Keep on tangling with your wires I’m gonna get deep down in this connection |
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| Keep on tangling with your wires And when I mash down on your little starter— |
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| Keep on tangling with your wires And when I mash down on your little starter— |
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| Then your spark gonna give me fire |
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| Then your spark gonna give me fire |
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| —but as for “Stones in My Passway,” which was the other side of sex, no one has been fool enough to try. |
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| —but as for “Stones in My Passway,” which was the other side of sex, no one has been fool enough to try. |
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| Few men could brag like Robert Johnson: “Stuff I got’ll bust your brains out, baby,” he sang in “Stop Breaking Down Blues,” “It’ll make you lose your mind.” Women crowded around him at the back country juke joints to find out if it was true, and no doubt it often was. But such tunes gave way to songs like “Phonograph Blues,” where Johnson sings, with far too much emotion, it seems, about his broken record player. “What evil have I done. . .what evil has the poor girl |
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| Few men could brag like Robert Johnson: “Stuff I got’ll bust your brains out, baby,” he sang in “Stop Breaking Down Blues,” “It’ll make you lose your mind.” Women crowded around him at the back country juke joints to find out if it was true, and no doubt it often was. But such tunes gave way to songs like “Phonograph Blues,” where Johnson sings, with far too much emotion, it seems, about his broken record player. “What evil have I done. . .what evil has the poor girl |
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| heard.” That one line shows us how far he is trying to go. |
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| heard.” That one line shows us how far he is trying to go. |
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| The poor girl is the phonograph, softly personified; she refuses to play Johnson’s wicked records and breaks down. With a blazing insistence, Johnson intensifies his personification, unveils his metaphors. At once, you see him struggling with his machine, and in bed with his girl. The records are his sins; the phonograph his sex­uality. The song ends as a confession that the sins his records embody have made him impotent. |
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| The poor girl is the phonograph, softly personified; she refuses to play Johnson’s wicked records and breaks down. With a blazing insistence, Johnson intensifies his personification, unveils his metaphors. At once, you see him struggling with his machine, and in bed with his girl. The records are his sins; the phonograph his sex­uality. The song ends as a confession that the sins his records embody have made him impotent. |
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| What Johnson found on his road was mostly this: “... the sense that life is essentially a cheat and its conditions are those of defeat, and that the re­deeming satisfactions are not ‘happi­ness and pleasure’ but the deeper sat­isfactions that come out of struggle.” So wrote Fitzgerald to his daughter, about what he had found in Lincoln and Shakespeare and “all great careers.” His words make good com­pany for Stanley Booth’s: “The dedi­cation [the blues] demands lies beyond technique; it makes being a blues |
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| What Johnson found on his road was mostly this: “... the sense that life is essentially a cheat and its conditions are those of defeat, and that the re­deeming satisfactions are not ‘happi­ness and pleasure’ but the deeper sat­isfactions that come out of struggle.” So wrote Fitzgerald to his daughter, about what he had found in Lincoln and Shakespeare and “all great careers.” His words make good com­pany for Stanley Booth’s: “The dedi­cation [the blues] demands lies beyond technique; it makes being a blues |
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| Figure |
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| Figure |
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| Figure |
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| Figure |
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| Figure |
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| he is celebrating, honestly and humbly, his life.” |
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| he is celebrating, honestly and humbly, his life.” |
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| When acceptance and celebration mean the same thing, or when the two words must fill the same space in the mind at once, we can begin to grasp the tension and the passion of Robert Johnson’s music—because when orte accepts one’s life by celebrating it, one also asks for something more. In John­son’s blues the singer’s acceptance is profound, because he knows, and makes us see, that his celebration is also a revolt, and that the revolt will fail, because his images cannot deny the struggles they are meant to |
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| When acceptance and celebration mean the same thing, or when the two words must fill the same space in the mind at once, we can begin to grasp the tension and the passion of Robert Johnson’s music—because when orte accepts one’s life by celebrating it, one also asks for something more. In John­son’s blues the singer’s acceptance is profound, because he knows, and makes us see, that his celebration is also a revolt, and that the revolt will fail, because his images cannot deny the struggles they are meant to |
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| It is obvious that man dwells in a splendid universe, a magnificent expanse of earth and sky and heavens, which manifestly is built upon a ma­jestic structure, maintains some mighty design, though man himself cannot grasp it. Yet for him it is not a pleasant or satisfying world. In his few moments of respite from labor or from his enemies, he dreams that this very universe might indeed be perfect, its laws operating just as now they seem to do, and yet he and it somehoe be in full accord. The very ease with |
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| It is obvious that man dwells in a splendid universe, a magnificent expanse of earth and sky and heavens, which manifestly is built upon a ma­jestic structure, maintains some mighty design, though man himself cannot grasp it. Yet for him it is not a pleasant or satisfying world. In his few moments of respite from labor or from his enemies, he dreams that this very universe might indeed be perfect, its laws operating just as now they seem to do, and yet he and it somehoe be in full accord. The very ease with |
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| Perry Miller, on the Puritan view of the world |
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| Perry Miller, on the Puritan view of the world |
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| When Robert Johnson traveled through the Deep South, over to Texas and back to Memphis, into the Midwest and up to Chicago, across the border to Canada and back to Detroit to sing spirituals on the radio, to New York City (the sight of this primitive blues singer gazing up at the lights of Times Square is not only banal, it is bizarre), to the South again, he was tracing not only the miles on the road but the strength of its image. It was the ultimate American image of flight from homelessness, and he alway |
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| When Robert Johnson traveled through the Deep South, over to Texas and back to Memphis, into the Midwest and up to Chicago, across the border to Canada and back to Detroit to sing spirituals on the radio, to New York City (the sight of this primitive blues singer gazing up at the lights of Times Square is not only banal, it is bizarre), to the South again, he was tracing not only the miles on the road but the strength of its image. It was the ultimate American image of flight from homelessness, and he alway |
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| Sometimes the road was just the best place to be, free and friendly, a good way to put in the time. In “Four Until Late” there is even a girl waiting at the other end. |
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| Sometimes the road was just the best place to be, free and friendly, a good way to put in the time. In “Four Until Late” there is even a girl waiting at the other end. |
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| When I leave this town, I'm gonna hid you fare, farewell When I leave this town, I’m gonna bid you fare, farewell And when I return again |
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| When I leave this town, I'm gonna hid you fare, farewell When I leave this town, I’m gonna bid you fare, farewell And when I return again |
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| You ’ll have a great long story to tell. |
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| You ’ll have a great long story to tell. |
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| There is the grace and bitterness of “Rambling on My Mind” (which Johnson played with his walking bass figure that was to define Chicago blues, making the song sound just like a man pushing himself down the high­way, half against his will); the slow sexual menace of “Traveling River­side Blues”; the nightmare of “Cross­roads,” where Johnson is sure to be caught by whites after dark and does |
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| There is the grace and bitterness of “Rambling on My Mind” (which Johnson played with his walking bass figure that was to define Chicago blues, making the song sound just like a man pushing himself down the high­way, half against his will); the slow sexual menace of “Traveling River­side Blues”; the nightmare of “Cross­roads,” where Johnson is sure to be caught by whites after dark and does |
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| not know which way to run; there is always one more “strange man’s town,” one more girl, one more drink; there is the last word of “Hellhound on My Trail.” |
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| not know which way to run; there is always one more “strange man’s town,” one more girl, one more drink; there is the last word of “Hellhound on My Trail.” |
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| I got to keep moving, I got to keep moving |
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| I got to keep moving, I got to keep moving |
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| Blues falling down like hail, blues falling down like hail |
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| Blues falling down like hail, blues falling down like hail |
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| Blues falling down like hail, blues falling down like hail |
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| Blues falling down like hail, blues falling down like hail |
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| And the days keep on 'minding me There’s a hellhound on my trail Hellhound on my trail, hellhound on my trail |
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| And the days keep on 'minding me There’s a hellhound on my trail Hellhound on my trail, hellhound on my trail |
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| It wasn’t the open road, to say the least; more like Ishmael falling in behind funeral processions, because they made him feel more alive, and on good terms with death. You could imagine what the two travelers would have to say to each other: This is no way for a young man to act! |
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| It wasn’t the open road, to say the least; more like Ishmael falling in behind funeral processions, because they made him feel more alive, and on good terms with death. You could imagine what the two travelers would have to say to each other: This is no way for a young man to act! |
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| That spirit gives us what might be Johnson’s most American image, these lines from “Me and the Devil Blues” —most American because, as a good, defiant laugh at fate, they are vital not only beneath the surface of American life, but on it. They are often called in as proof of Johnson’s despair, and they are part of it, but also his most satis­fied lines, a proud epitaph: |
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| That spirit gives us what might be Johnson’s most American image, these lines from “Me and the Devil Blues” —most American because, as a good, defiant laugh at fate, they are vital not only beneath the surface of American life, but on it. They are often called in as proof of Johnson’s despair, and they are part of it, but also his most satis­fied lines, a proud epitaph: |
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| You may bury my body, down by the highway side |
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| You may bury my body, down by the highway side |
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| Babe, I don’t care where you bury my body when I’m dead and gone |
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| Babe, I don’t care where you bury my body when I’m dead and gone |
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| You may bury my body, ooooo, down by the highway side |
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| You may bury my body, ooooo, down by the highway side |
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| So my old evil spirit |
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| So my old evil spirit |
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| Can get a Greyhound bus, and ride. |
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| Can get a Greyhound bus, and ride. |
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| Robert Johnson had a beautiful high voice, a tragic voice when he meant it to be. In “Walking Blues” he wakes up to find that his woman has left him without even his shoes. He is plainly in awe of this woman (“Well!” he sings to himself, “she’s got Elgin movements, from her head down to her toes... From her head down to her toes!”); when he says the worried blues are the worst he ever had, he’s still too full of admiration for that woman to make you believe him. |
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| Robert Johnson had a beautiful high voice, a tragic voice when he meant it to be. In “Walking Blues” he wakes up to find that his woman has left him without even his shoes. He is plainly in awe of this woman (“Well!” he sings to himself, “she’s got Elgin movements, from her head down to her toes... From her head down to her toes!”); when he says the worried blues are the worst he ever had, he’s still too full of admiration for that woman to make you believe him. |
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| So he will sing, with a distracted, comic determination: |
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| So he will sing, with a distracted, comic determination: |
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| Lord I—feel like blowin ’ my, old lonesome home |
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| Lord I—feel like blowin ’ my, old lonesome home |
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| Got up this morning, my little bunny ears was gone |
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| Got up this morning, my little bunny ears was gone |
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| Now, up this light, ooooo, my lonesome home |
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| Now, up this light, ooooo, my lonesome home |
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| and then with utter grace his voice rises, almost fades away, and there is a soft moan that could echo in your heart for a long time, a melancholy too strong to step around: |
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| and then with utter grace his voice rises, almost fades away, and there is a soft moan that could echo in your heart for a long time, a melancholy too strong to step around: |
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| Well, I got up this morning. . .all I had, was gone. |
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| Well, I got up this morning. . .all I had, was gone. |
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| Johnson was in his mid-twenties when he sang these songs (Don Law, the great recording engineer who handled the sessions, thought of him as a teenager). Johnson didn’t have the worldly dignity of Son House or Skip James. Neither House nor James ever sound confused; they sing as men who live deeply, but within limits. In John­son’s voice, there is sometimes an ele­ment of shock—less a matter of lost innocence than of innocence willfully given up and remembered anyway. |
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| Johnson was in his mid-twenties when he sang these songs (Don Law, the great recording engineer who handled the sessions, thought of him as a teenager). Johnson didn’t have the worldly dignity of Son House or Skip James. Neither House nor James ever sound confused; they sing as men who live deeply, but within limits. In John­son’s voice, there is sometimes an ele­ment of shock—less a matter of lost innocence than of innocence willfully given up and remembered anyway. |
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| Johnson seemed to take more pure pleasure out of making music than any other Delta singer; there is rock ’n’ roll fun in his guitar playing you can hear anytime you like. He was, I think, working out a whole new aesthetic that rock ’n’ roll eventually completed: a loud, piercing music driven by massive rhythms and a beat so strong that involvement was effortless and auto­matic. Yet Johnson also had more to say than other singers. His music was half seduction, half assault, meant to drive his words home with |
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| Johnson seemed to take more pure pleasure out of making music than any other Delta singer; there is rock ’n’ roll fun in his guitar playing you can hear anytime you like. He was, I think, working out a whole new aesthetic that rock ’n’ roll eventually completed: a loud, piercing music driven by massive rhythms and a beat so strong that involvement was effortless and auto­matic. Yet Johnson also had more to say than other singers. His music was half seduction, half assault, meant to drive his words home with |
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| Only his weakest songs move on an even keel; the greatest shudder and break and explode, or twist slowly around quietly shaking strings into a kind of suspension, until Johnson has created a mood so delicate and bleak one feels he cannot possibly get out of his song alive. Johnson’s most distinc­ |
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| Only his weakest songs move on an even keel; the greatest shudder and break and explode, or twist slowly around quietly shaking strings into a kind of suspension, until Johnson has created a mood so delicate and bleak one feels he cannot possibly get out of his song alive. Johnson’s most distinc­ |
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| tive performances have the tension that comes when almost everything is implied, when the worst secrets are hiding in plain talk. With “Come on in My Kitchen” Johnson plays out the sound of a cold wind on his guitar, and his voice rides it; there is a stillness in the music. The loneliness is over­powering and the feeling of desolation is absolute. The most prosaic lines take on the shape of pure terror. |
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| tive performances have the tension that comes when almost everything is implied, when the worst secrets are hiding in plain talk. With “Come on in My Kitchen” Johnson plays out the sound of a cold wind on his guitar, and his voice rides it; there is a stillness in the music. The loneliness is over­powering and the feeling of desolation is absolute. The most prosaic lines take on the shape of pure terror. |
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| When a woman gets in trouble Everybody throws her down Looking for her good friend None can be found. |
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| When a woman gets in trouble Everybody throws her down Looking for her good friend None can be found. |
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| You better come on, in my kitchen There’s going to be rain in our door. |
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| You better come on, in my kitchen There’s going to be rain in our door. |
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| It was songs like this one—the com­bination of voice, guitar, words and the mythical authority that comes when an artist conforms his work with his life—that made Eric Clapton see Johnson’s ghost, and his own, in Jimi Hendrix’s death. “Eric wanted to do a Robert Johnson,” one of Clapton’s friends said when Hendrix died. “A few good years, and go.” |
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| It was songs like this one—the com­bination of voice, guitar, words and the mythical authority that comes when an artist conforms his work with his life—that made Eric Clapton see Johnson’s ghost, and his own, in Jimi Hendrix’s death. “Eric wanted to do a Robert Johnson,” one of Clapton’s friends said when Hendrix died. “A few good years, and go.” |
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| Johnson’s music is so strong that in certain moods it can make you feel that he is giving you more than you could have bargained for—that there is a place for you in these lines of his: “She’s got a mortgage on my body, a lien on my soul.” It is no exaggeration to say that Johnson changed the lives of men as distant from each other as Muddy Waters, who began his career as a devoted imitator; Dion, who made his way through the terrors of his heroin habit with Johnson’s songs for company; and myself. After he |
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| Johnson’s music is so strong that in certain moods it can make you feel that he is giving you more than you could have bargained for—that there is a place for you in these lines of his: “She’s got a mortgage on my body, a lien on my soul.” It is no exaggeration to say that Johnson changed the lives of men as distant from each other as Muddy Waters, who began his career as a devoted imitator; Dion, who made his way through the terrors of his heroin habit with Johnson’s songs for company; and myself. After he |
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| But commitment is a tricky, Faust­ian word. When he first appeared Robert couldn’t play guitar to save his life. Son House told Pete Welding; Johnson hung out with the older blues­men, pestering them for a chance to try his hand, and after a time he went away. It was months later, on a Satur­day night, when they saw him again, still looking to be heard. They tried to put him off, but he persisted; finally, they let him play for a lull and left him alone with the tables and chairs. |
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| But commitment is a tricky, Faust­ian word. When he first appeared Robert couldn’t play guitar to save his life. Son House told Pete Welding; Johnson hung out with the older blues­men, pestering them for a chance to try his hand, and after a time he went away. It was months later, on a Satur­day night, when they saw him again, still looking to be heard. They tried to put him off, but he persisted; finally, they let him play for a lull and left him alone with the tables and chairs. |
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| Outside, taking in the air, House and the others heard a loud, devastat­ing music of a brilliance and purity beyond anything in the memory of the Mississippi Delta. Johnson had no­thing more to learn from them. |
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| Outside, taking in the air, House and the others heard a loud, devastat­ing music of a brilliance and purity beyond anything in the memory of the Mississippi Delta. Johnson had no­thing more to learn from them. |
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| “He sold his soul to the devil to get to play like that,” House told Welding. |
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| “He sold his soul to the devil to get to play like that,” House told Welding. |
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| Excerpted from larger chapters with permission of Griel Marcus. Mystery Train can be found at Looking Glass and Nor’wester books. |
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| Excerpted from larger chapters with permission of Griel Marcus. Mystery Train can be found at Looking Glass and Nor’wester books. |
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| DeNICOLA RESTAURANT |
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| DeNICOLA RESTAURANT |
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| Mrs. DeNicola and her family invite you to the DeNicola's Restaurant. The DeNicola's prepare each entree with fine in­gredients. . from recipes they brought with them from Italy. They serve tne kind of Italian food you've been looking for. |
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| Mrs. DeNicola and her family invite you to the DeNicola's Restaurant. The DeNicola's prepare each entree with fine in­gredients. . from recipes they brought with them from Italy. They serve tne kind of Italian food you've been looking for. |
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| TAKE OUT 234-2600 BANQUET FACILITIES 3520 SE Powell |
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| TAKE OUT 234-2600 BANQUET FACILITIES 3520 SE Powell |
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| 4:00-11:00 Tue-Thur 4:00-12:00 Fri-Sat 4:00-11:00 Sun. |
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| 4:00-11:00 Tue-Thur 4:00-12:00 Fri-Sat 4:00-11:00 Sun. |
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| Wilde Oscar’s |
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| Wilde Oscar’s |
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| 318 SW Third Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97204 223-8620 |
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| 318 SW Third Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97204 223-8620 |
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| English Pork Pies Cornish Beef Pasties Mellow and Earnest |
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| English Pork Pies Cornish Beef Pasties Mellow and Earnest |
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| Happy Hour 5-7 p.m Monday - Friday |
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| Happy Hour 5-7 p.m Monday - Friday |
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| Div |
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| Figure |
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| 3 Mile Island: |
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| 3 Mile Island: |
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| The Aftermath |
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| The Aftermath |
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| By Paul Cowan |
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| By Paul Cowan |
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| HARRISBURG—The accident at Three Mile Island is not over yet for many of the people who live in Middletown. Etters, and Goldsboro, the Susquehanna River towns near the nuclear reactor. |
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| HARRISBURG—The accident at Three Mile Island is not over yet for many of the people who live in Middletown. Etters, and Goldsboro, the Susquehanna River towns near the nuclear reactor. |
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| No one has died as a result of the |
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| No one has died as a result of the |
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| near­meltdown.No |
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| near­meltdown.No |
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| one’s property was lost. The lovely Pennsylvania landscape remains un­changed. Often, it seems as if life is back to normal—as if, indeed, nothing ever happened. |
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| Nevertheless, people are constantly aware of ominous stories, like the widely publicized tale of the 19 cows who recently died on a dairy farm near Three Mile Island. They are reminded of the accident by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission helicopters, which hover overhead measur­ing the amount of radiation in the air. And they are exposed to shifting, contradictory predictions about their fate. In April, the Department of Health, Education and Welfare said that no one would die as a result of the accident at |
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| Nevertheless, people are constantly aware of ominous stories, like the widely publicized tale of the 19 cows who recently died on a dairy farm near Three Mile Island. They are reminded of the accident by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission helicopters, which hover overhead measur­ing the amount of radiation in the air. And they are exposed to shifting, contradictory predictions about their fate. In April, the Department of Health, Education and Welfare said that no one would die as a result of the accident at |
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| No one knows what to believe. And it is that uncertainty that makes these spring days so frightening. Uncertainty is woven into the ordinary fabric of daily life in these towns. Some parents feel a twinge of guilt when their children play outside; they worry that the air may contain radioactive substances. Many people wonder whether to grow a garden this year, or whether to dry clothes on the line, or whether to open |
27 |
| No one knows what to believe. And it is that uncertainty that makes these spring days so frightening. Uncertainty is woven into the ordinary fabric of daily life in these towns. Some parents feel a twinge of guilt when their children play outside; they worry that the air may contain radioactive substances. Many people wonder whether to grow a garden this year, or whether to dry clothes on the line, or whether to open |
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| their windows on a warm spring afternoon. Many live with a constant, simmering fear that they or their children will develop cancer or leukemia. |
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| their windows on a warm spring afternoon. Many live with a constant, simmering fear that they or their children will develop cancer or leukemia. |
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| As a result, some residents of these com­munities are becoming political activists for the first time in their lives. Many are fighting Metropolitan Edison, the utility company that runs the power plant and that is now trying to pass the cost of the accident along to the area’s consumers. Many, worried about the reopening of Reactor Number One (which was shut down for refueling before Reactor Number Two almost melted down) are circulating petitions demanding that all nuclear gen­erators in the area be close |
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| As a result, some residents of these com­munities are becoming political activists for the first time in their lives. Many are fighting Metropolitan Edison, the utility company that runs the power plant and that is now trying to pass the cost of the accident along to the area’s consumers. Many, worried about the reopening of Reactor Number One (which was shut down for refueling before Reactor Number Two almost melted down) are circulating petitions demanding that all nuclear gen­erators in the area be close |
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| Of course, not everyone here shares those views—not by a long shot. These are hardy, stoic people, conditioned to natural disaster by the vagaries of the Susque­hanna. Many have lost children, spouses, friends to the river. Many lost their homes or businesses during floods like the ones that followed 1972’s hurricane Agnes. They are proud of their ability to endure, proud of their ability to fight back. |
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| Of course, not everyone here shares those views—not by a long shot. These are hardy, stoic people, conditioned to natural disaster by the vagaries of the Susque­hanna. Many have lost children, spouses, friends to the river. Many lost their homes or businesses during floods like the ones that followed 1972’s hurricane Agnes. They are proud of their ability to endure, proud of their ability to fight back. |
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| At places like Kuppy’s Diner in Middle­town, or the King’s Arms Bar in Golds­boro, you often hear more criticism of the media—which people think blew the epi­side out of proportion—and of specific reporters—who kept grabbing local people off the street for a quick interview—than you do about the utility companies. People will tell you that they’re tired of thinking about the accident—and that they don’t want to worry about their health. Their bravura is usually backed up by an argu­ment. They insist that Re |
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| At places like Kuppy’s Diner in Middle­town, or the King’s Arms Bar in Golds­boro, you often hear more criticism of the media—which people think blew the epi­side out of proportion—and of specific reporters—who kept grabbing local people off the street for a quick interview—than you do about the utility companies. People will tell you that they’re tired of thinking about the accident—and that they don’t want to worry about their health. Their bravura is usually backed up by an argu­ment. They insist that Re |
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| jobs and money flowing into the area. And they assume that the generator—which would constantly be subject to public scru­tiny—will be equipped with the best safety devices, the most highly trained personnel that the utility companies and the govern­ment can provide. |
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| jobs and money flowing into the area. And they assume that the generator—which would constantly be subject to public scru­tiny—will be equipped with the best safety devices, the most highly trained personnel that the utility companies and the govern­ment can provide. |
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| Nevertheless, no matter which side people are on, they were deeply affected by the trauma of the near-meltdown and were eager to discuss their experiences with me during my two visits to the area. |
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| Nevertheless, no matter which side people are on, they were deeply affected by the trauma of the near-meltdown and were eager to discuss their experiences with me during my two visits to the area. |
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| Frightening Evacuation, Frightening Return |
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| Frightening Evacuation, Frightening Return |
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| Jim Hurst, 33, works in Harrisburg as a budget inspector for the Pennsylvania Liquor Board. His wife Ann, 33, stays at home in Middletown so that she can spend time with their children, Lee, 9, and Andrew, 5. |
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| Jim Hurst, 33, works in Harrisburg as a budget inspector for the Pennsylvania Liquor Board. His wife Ann, 33, stays at home in Middletown so that she can spend time with their children, Lee, 9, and Andrew, 5. |
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| They are among the few people in Middletown who had reservations about the nuclear power plants before March 28. Jim’s doubts developed when he read about the dangers of nuclear waste—“I couldn't figure out why the utility companies were more concerned about making profits than about the fact that they might be jeopard­izing human lives.” But he and Ann often felt like heretics when they shared those doubts with friends. |
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| They are among the few people in Middletown who had reservations about the nuclear power plants before March 28. Jim’s doubts developed when he read about the dangers of nuclear waste—“I couldn't figure out why the utility companies were more concerned about making profits than about the fact that they might be jeopard­izing human lives.” But he and Ann often felt like heretics when they shared those doubts with friends. |
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| On Wednesday, March 28, “I went to work as usual,” Jim remembers. “I heard on the radio that there was a problem, but that there were no measurable leaks. I was very suspicious, of course. But I talked it over with Ann that night and we decided there was nothing to worry about.” |
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| On Wednesday, March 28, “I went to work as usual,” Jim remembers. “I heard on the radio that there was a problem, but that there were no measurable leaks. I was very suspicious, of course. But I talked it over with Ann that night and we decided there was nothing to worry about.” |
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| Jim travels the 10 miles from Middle­town to Harrisburg in a carpool. It wasn’t his turn to drive that Friday morning, so he left his pick-up truck in a garage. At |
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| Jim travels the 10 miles from Middle­town to Harrisburg in a carpool. It wasn’t his turn to drive that Friday morning, so he left his pick-up truck in a garage. At |
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| 10a.m., someone came into his office with the news that the problems at Three Mile Island had become severe, and that Gover­nor Dick Thornburgh was thinking of ordering a four-county evacuation. Jim felt alarmed—and stranded. |
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| 10a.m., someone came into his office with the news that the problems at Three Mile Island had become severe, and that Gover­nor Dick Thornburgh was thinking of ordering a four-county evacuation. Jim felt alarmed—and stranded. |
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| “My first reaction was to call Ann, but the phone lines from my office were jammed. So I ran down to the first floor of our building where there are pay phones. But there were long lines of people waiting to use them. I ran out of the building and next door, to a pay phone at a gas station. While I was standing in the phone booth, people kept charging up to the gas pumps to have their cars filled. It was like a scene from King Kong—you know, ‘Here comes King Kong. Let’s all get out of town.’ It was scary. P |
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| “My first reaction was to call Ann, but the phone lines from my office were jammed. So I ran down to the first floor of our building where there are pay phones. But there were long lines of people waiting to use them. I ran out of the building and next door, to a pay phone at a gas station. While I was standing in the phone booth, people kept charging up to the gas pumps to have their cars filled. It was like a scene from King Kong—you know, ‘Here comes King Kong. Let’s all get out of town.’ It was scary. P |
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| Jim assumed the evacuation rumor was true. (It wasn’t. Only pregnant women and small children who lived within five miles of the power plant were told to leave.) He wondered how he’d ever find his family. “I dialed our phone half a dozen times, but no one answered. Then I tried my mother’s phone. I couldn’t even get into the Middle­town dialing area. All the phones were jammed.” |
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| Jim assumed the evacuation rumor was true. (It wasn’t. Only pregnant women and small children who lived within five miles of the power plant were told to leave.) He wondered how he’d ever find his family. “I dialed our phone half a dozen times, but no one answered. Then I tried my mother’s phone. I couldn’t even get into the Middle­town dialing area. All the phones were jammed.” |
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| Finally, he went back to his office. That, at least, was a fixed point—a place where Ann could call him. But she assumed that he was driving back to Middletown so she didn’t even try to reach him. |
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| Finally, he went back to his office. That, at least, was a fixed point—a place where Ann could call him. But she assumed that he was driving back to Middletown so she didn’t even try to reach him. |
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| “While I was sitting at my desk I noticed I was trembling,” Jim recalls. “Most of the people in the offices around me had gone. One fellow was still there and he was more scared than me. His wife was pregnant.” |
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| “While I was sitting at my desk I noticed I was trembling,” Jim recalls. “Most of the people in the offices around me had gone. One fellow was still there and he was more scared than me. His wife was pregnant.” |
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| After a frantic half hour, he finally man­aged to get through to Middletown. “My |
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| After a frantic half hour, he finally man­aged to get through to Middletown. “My |
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| father-in-law answered the phone. He’d come home from his barber shop. He told me that Ann had the truck packed up, and the family was ready to go. They were going to stay with relatives in Schuylkill County, about 60 miles from Middletown. |
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| father-in-law answered the phone. He’d come home from his barber shop. He told me that Ann had the truck packed up, and the family was ready to go. They were going to stay with relatives in Schuylkill County, about 60 miles from Middletown. |
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| “But that day was payday,” Jim recalls. “When I heard about the accident at Three Mile Island, I only had five dollars in my pocket. Ann didn’t have any money at home. Her father had paid to gas up his car and my truck. But I had to get to a bank. 1 had no idea how long we’d be away from Middletown.” |
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| “But that day was payday,” Jim recalls. “When I heard about the accident at Three Mile Island, I only had five dollars in my pocket. Ann didn’t have any money at home. Her father had paid to gas up his car and my truck. But I had to get to a bank. 1 had no idea how long we’d be away from Middletown.” |
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| His boss, who was still in the office, had offered to take him anyplace he needed to go, so Jim asked to be dropped off at a branch of his bank that was in the direction Ann would be driving. Then he and his wife arranged a rendezvous at a shopping mall. |
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| His boss, who was still in the office, had offered to take him anyplace he needed to go, so Jim asked to be dropped off at a branch of his bank that was in the direction Ann would be driving. Then he and his wife arranged a rendezvous at a shopping mall. |
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| For the next five days, Jim and Ann and ■ Lee and Andrew slept on the living room floor of an aunt’s house in Schuylkill County. It was very uncomfortable, and they hated imposing on relatives they barely knew. “It seems like all we did was watch the TV news, buy food, cook meals, and watch the news some more,” Jim says. Ann adds that “it wasn’t until Friday night or Saturday morning that we realized there was a strong chance we’d never be able to go back home. After that, we couldn’t think about anything e |
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| For the next five days, Jim and Ann and ■ Lee and Andrew slept on the living room floor of an aunt’s house in Schuylkill County. It was very uncomfortable, and they hated imposing on relatives they barely knew. “It seems like all we did was watch the TV news, buy food, cook meals, and watch the news some more,” Jim says. Ann adds that “it wasn’t until Friday night or Saturday morning that we realized there was a strong chance we’d never be able to go back home. After that, we couldn’t think about anything e |
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| Now, of course, the exile is over—but the fears it produced are more painful than ever. “We thought we’d feel good once we got back to Middletown,” Ann says, “but it was not a joyous return—not for any of us. We feel very uncomfortable here. And it keeps getting worse. I keep thinking we shouldn’t be here at all.” |
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| Now, of course, the exile is over—but the fears it produced are more painful than ever. “We thought we’d feel good once we got back to Middletown,” Ann says, “but it was not a joyous return—not for any of us. We feel very uncomfortable here. And it keeps getting worse. I keep thinking we shouldn’t be here at all.” |
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| "You want to think the whole thing is over,” Jim added. “Once we came back, we kept telling ourselves that was true. But we know, deep inside, that there’s a big pressure cooker sitting down there, down at Three Mile Island. There are more than 400,000 pounds of highly contaminated radioactive water lying in the bottom of that containment. That has to come out. But how can anyone get in there to get the water out without releasing the radiation? That’s a puzzle I can’t solve. But I do know that the people d |
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| "You want to think the whole thing is over,” Jim added. “Once we came back, we kept telling ourselves that was true. But we know, deep inside, that there’s a big pressure cooker sitting down there, down at Three Mile Island. There are more than 400,000 pounds of highly contaminated radioactive water lying in the bottom of that containment. That has to come out. But how can anyone get in there to get the water out without releasing the radiation? That’s a puzzle I can’t solve. But I do know that the people d |
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| There was an edge of despair in Ann’s voice when she said, “In a way, it is worse for us.” The Hursts' 5-year-old son Andrew had had a terrible time breathing when he was a baby. The Hursts took him to Harris­burg Hospital, then to Philadelphia Chil­dren’s Hospital. During that two-year period, he had somewhere between 75 and 100 chest X-rays, though the doctors couldn’t define his ailment any more pre­cisely than to say that the child had an unknown virus which had spread over one- third of his lungs. He’s |
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| There was an edge of despair in Ann’s voice when she said, “In a way, it is worse for us.” The Hursts' 5-year-old son Andrew had had a terrible time breathing when he was a baby. The Hursts took him to Harris­burg Hospital, then to Philadelphia Chil­dren’s Hospital. During that two-year period, he had somewhere between 75 and 100 chest X-rays, though the doctors couldn’t define his ailment any more pre­cisely than to say that the child had an unknown virus which had spread over one- third of his lungs. He’s |
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| With a self-mocking reflectiveness, Jim defined his own dilemma. “I say, how can they sell us out for economic reasons, but yet I’m risking my health and the health of my family for economic reasons. I can’t leave. 1 can’t let this home just sit here. I would say this house was probably worth $.35,000 to $40,000 before this thing hap­pened. I have no idea of what it’s worth now. |
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| With a self-mocking reflectiveness, Jim defined his own dilemma. “I say, how can they sell us out for economic reasons, but yet I’m risking my health and the health of my family for economic reasons. I can’t leave. 1 can’t let this home just sit here. I would say this house was probably worth $.35,000 to $40,000 before this thing hap­pened. I have no idea of what it’s worth now. |
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| “But that’s not the important thing to me. The thing is that my work is here. I have 12 years that I’ve put into a public­service-type job with a good retirement plan. It’s going to be a very, very difficult decision for me to leave now. It’s not like I have anything to go to. Middletown is the only home any of us ever had. I guess we’d have to pack up our clothes, store our fur­niture, rent a tractor trailer, and just hit the road. And when we thought we were at a safe distance from Three Mile Island, we’d |
28 |
| “But that’s not the important thing to me. The thing is that my work is here. I have 12 years that I’ve put into a public­service-type job with a good retirement plan. It’s going to be a very, very difficult decision for me to leave now. It’s not like I have anything to go to. Middletown is the only home any of us ever had. I guess we’d have to pack up our clothes, store our fur­niture, rent a tractor trailer, and just hit the road. And when we thought we were at a safe distance from Three Mile Island, we’d |
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| What the Children Saw |
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| What the Children Saw |
28 |
| On Friday, March 30, Ann Hurst heard that there was trouble at Three Mile Island about 15 minutes before her husband did. So she was over at Middletown’s Grandville Elementary School, picking up her daugh­ter Lee when Jim began his search for a telephone. Lee was confused. “I didn’t know what had happened. My teacher said she was going to close the blinds so that we didn’t get hurt or anything. Then the prin­cipal started getting on the loudspeaker and yelling that if your parents didn’t pick you up, they w |
28 |
| On Friday, March 30, Ann Hurst heard that there was trouble at Three Mile Island about 15 minutes before her husband did. So she was over at Middletown’s Grandville Elementary School, picking up her daugh­ter Lee when Jim began his search for a telephone. Lee was confused. “I didn’t know what had happened. My teacher said she was going to close the blinds so that we didn’t get hurt or anything. Then the prin­cipal started getting on the loudspeaker and yelling that if your parents didn’t pick you up, they w |
28 |
| Lee was lucky that she left school early. Within the next hour the scene there be­came even more chaotic and panicky than the one Jim had witnessed when he stood in the phone booth in the gas station near his office. By noon, the school was jammed with parents. The street in front was clogged with the campers and pick-up trucks in which the families hoped to escape. Here is what Mrs. Marcia Christ, 25, a fifth-grade teacher, saw as she tried to maintain some semblance of calm in her homeroom: |
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| Lee was lucky that she left school early. Within the next hour the scene there be­came even more chaotic and panicky than the one Jim had witnessed when he stood in the phone booth in the gas station near his office. By noon, the school was jammed with parents. The street in front was clogged with the campers and pick-up trucks in which the families hoped to escape. Here is what Mrs. Marcia Christ, 25, a fifth-grade teacher, saw as she tried to maintain some semblance of calm in her homeroom: |
28 |
| “Parents kept running into the building to get their children out. Some of them were carrying blankets. They’d throw them over their kids’ heads, as if that would protect them from the radiation. A couple of them had newspapers, too. They’d put them over the children’s heads. They’d say, Hurry up, hurry up, we’re leaving.’ A lot of the children began to sob. Then their par­ents would practically drag them away. I think they thought the governor was going to call a general evacuation, and they would beat the |
28 |
| “Parents kept running into the building to get their children out. Some of them were carrying blankets. They’d throw them over their kids’ heads, as if that would protect them from the radiation. A couple of them had newspapers, too. They’d put them over the children’s heads. They’d say, Hurry up, hurry up, we’re leaving.’ A lot of the children began to sob. Then their par­ents would practically drag them away. I think they thought the governor was going to call a general evacuation, and they would beat the |
28 |
| In mid-April, after school had resumed, I spent an afternoon taping a discussion with 16 students in one of Mrs. Christ’s fifth-grade reading classes. They were bursting to describe the events of that day —and surprisingly eager to recount the nightmares those events had produced. |
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| In mid-April, after school had resumed, I spent an afternoon taping a discussion with 16 students in one of Mrs. Christ’s fifth-grade reading classes. They were bursting to describe the events of that day —and surprisingly eager to recount the nightmares those events had produced. |
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| • A blond-haired boy, with a slight lisp: “The first time I heard about it was on Wednesday when I got home. My father said there was a leak in the nuclear reactor. I wasn’t really too worried about it. Neither were my parents. Then on Thursday, when we were in school during math, we talked about it. No one was scared then either. But when I got home my grandmother said she’d heard it was getting worse. |
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| • A blond-haired boy, with a slight lisp: “The first time I heard about it was on Wednesday when I got home. My father said there was a leak in the nuclear reactor. I wasn’t really too worried about it. Neither were my parents. Then on Thursday, when we were in school during math, we talked about it. No one was scared then either. But when I got home my grandmother said she’d heard it was getting worse. |
28 |
| • A blond-haired boy, with a slight lisp: “The first time I heard about it was on Wednesday when I got home. My father said there was a leak in the nuclear reactor. I wasn’t really too worried about it. Neither were my parents. Then on Thursday, when we were in school during math, we talked about it. No one was scared then either. But when I got home my grandmother said she’d heard it was getting worse. |
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| “On Friday morning we were doing gym, and some teachers came in. They said, ‘Do not go out. We repeat. Do not go out.’ Everyone started saying, ‘We’re going to die. We’re going to die.’ |
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| “On Friday morning we were doing gym, and some teachers came in. They said, ‘Do not go out. We repeat. Do not go out.’ Everyone started saying, ‘We’re going to die. We’re going to die.’ |
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| “We went back to our homeroom. It was a beautiful day, but the teachers wouldn’t let us go outside for recess. We got sent home early. Some of the parents picked up their kids, but mine were working. When I |
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| “We went back to our homeroom. It was a beautiful day, but the teachers wouldn’t let us go outside for recess. We got sent home early. Some of the parents picked up their kids, but mine were working. When I |
28 |
| got home I was worried about my grand­mother. I was afraid she might not have heard anything about it. She always has her doors and windows open. |
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| got home I was worried about my grand­mother. I was afraid she might not have heard anything about it. She always has her doors and windows open. |
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| “On Saturday night, when the guy on the news said there would be an evacua­tion, my mom got real excited. She said, ‘Pack your stuff, everything. We have to be ready.’ The next morning she decided we should leave even if there wasn’t an evacuation order. So we put all our stuff in the car, and my parents, my grandmother, and I went to stay with my uncle in a near­by county. |
28 |
| “On Saturday night, when the guy on the news said there would be an evacua­tion, my mom got real excited. She said, ‘Pack your stuff, everything. We have to be ready.’ The next morning she decided we should leave even if there wasn’t an evacuation order. So we put all our stuff in the car, and my parents, my grandmother, and I went to stay with my uncle in a near­by county. |
28 |
| “That day we heard about the bubble and how it started to get bigger, and then how it was going down. My mother and father were talking about how, if they didn’t get all the pressure out and all the radiation out, we would probably die. |
28 |
| “That day we heard about the bubble and how it started to get bigger, and then how it was going down. My mother and father were talking about how, if they didn’t get all the pressure out and all the radiation out, we would probably die. |
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| “When we got back to Middletown, I still wasn’t allowed to go outside until school opened again.” |
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| “When we got back to Middletown, I still wasn’t allowed to go outside until school opened again.” |
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| • |
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| • |
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| • |
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| A boy born in the coal-mining area 40 miles from Middletown: “My grandfather lives in Halifax. As soon as we got home that Friday we started packing the car. We headed for his house right away. It was hot in the car that day. We kept saying, ‘Can we open the windows? Can we open the windows?’ My mom was afraid the radia­tion would get in. She kept saying ‘no’ until we were 30 miles away from Middle­town.” |
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| A boy born in the coal-mining area 40 miles from Middletown: “My grandfather lives in Halifax. As soon as we got home that Friday we started packing the car. We headed for his house right away. It was hot in the car that day. We kept saying, ‘Can we open the windows? Can we open the windows?’ My mom was afraid the radia­tion would get in. She kept saying ‘no’ until we were 30 miles away from Middle­town.” |
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| • |
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| • |
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| A boy with glasses, and a succinct, precise manner of speech: “My mom came |
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| A boy with glasses, and a succinct, precise manner of speech: “My mom came |
28 |
| to pick me up at school. But the only rea­son she did was because the radio said that if there was an evacuation all the kids in the school would have to go to the Hershey arena. |
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| to pick me up at school. But the only rea­son she did was because the radio said that if there was an evacuation all the kids in the school would have to go to the Hershey arena. |
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| “My dad works at Three Mile Island— he’s the supervisor of operations for unit number two. He said it was okay to go out­side. So my brother and I went out and played all week.” |
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| “My dad works at Three Mile Island— he’s the supervisor of operations for unit number two. He said it was okay to go out­side. So my brother and I went out and played all week.” |
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| • |
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| • |
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| • |
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| A boy who’d been raising his hand shyly for several minutes: “My uncle works at Three Mile Island, too. He said that if there would have been a meltdown it |
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| A boy who’d been raising his hand shyly for several minutes: “My uncle works at Three Mile Island, too. He said that if there would have been a meltdown it |
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| would have wiped out Middletown, High­spire, Steelton, Harrisburg, and Golds­boro. On Wednesday, I heard that it was six minutes away from a meltdown. |
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| would have wiped out Middletown, High­spire, Steelton, Harrisburg, and Golds­boro. On Wednesday, I heard that it was six minutes away from a meltdown. |
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| “I didn’t think there was anything to worry about, though. On the radio they kept making jokes. They said that instead of sitting on the front porch watching the stars you can watch your friends glow. |
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| “I didn’t think there was anything to worry about, though. On the radio they kept making jokes. They said that instead of sitting on the front porch watching the stars you can watch your friends glow. |
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| “But on Friday my whole family jumped in the car about 15 minutes after I got home from school. |
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| “But on Friday my whole family jumped in the car about 15 minutes after I got home from school. |
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| “My mom thought that if there was a meltdown we wouldn’t be able to come back for 30 or 40 years because of the clean-up. She was really afraid. She was crying. Her whole family has always lived in Middletown. |
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| “My mom thought that if there was a meltdown we wouldn’t be able to come back for 30 or 40 years because of the clean-up. She was really afraid. She was crying. Her whole family has always lived in Middletown. |
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| “We were all afraid. Well, I wasn’t really. I guess my mom was scared the most.” |
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| “We were all afraid. Well, I wasn’t really. I guess my mom was scared the most.” |
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| • |
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| • |
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| • |
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| The boy from coal country: “1 was scared because we forgot our pets. I really like dogs. The whole week I worried that some maniac would come along and kill them. |
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| The boy from coal country: “1 was scared because we forgot our pets. I really like dogs. The whole week I worried that some maniac would come along and kill them. |
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| “My grandfather kept saying that if the plant blew up, it would be like an atomic bomb. I kept having dreams about the plant blowing up. Sometimes I still have them. |
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| “My grandfather kept saying that if the plant blew up, it would be like an atomic bomb. I kept having dreams about the plant blowing up. Sometimes I still have them. |
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| “In one of them we were in our house in Middletown. All of a sudden we heard— like a bulletin on the radio, saying that the plant was about to blow up. Then our house did blow up, and we were walking around, looking at our walls, just like we were ghosts. Then I heard there was a cemetery outside our house. I kept walking around it.” |
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| “In one of them we were in our house in Middletown. All of a sudden we heard— like a bulletin on the radio, saying that the plant was about to blow up. Then our house did blow up, and we were walking around, looking at our walls, just like we were ghosts. Then I heard there was a cemetery outside our house. I kept walking around it.” |
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| • |
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| • |
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| • |
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| A sandy-haired boy: “I had a dream that was kooky. When the meltdown hap­pened, we looked outside our house and there were all sorts of people running around yelling, ‘Ah, it’s going to blow up. Ah, we’re going to die.’ |
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| A sandy-haired boy: “I had a dream that was kooky. When the meltdown hap­pened, we looked outside our house and there were all sorts of people running around yelling, ‘Ah, it’s going to blow up. Ah, we’re going to die.’ |
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| “In my dream, my family went down to the cellar. We don’t really have a cellar. And we just stayed there, like a tornado was going to come. |
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| “In my dream, my family went down to the cellar. We don’t really have a cellar. And we just stayed there, like a tornado was going to come. |
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| “Then the c&llar blew up, and we were all dead. I saw myself lying dead on the ground. And I saw a whole bunch of star­dust floating around. It was really the radiation, I guess.” |
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| “Then the c&llar blew up, and we were all dead. I saw myself lying dead on the ground. And I saw a whole bunch of star­dust floating around. It was really the radiation, I guess.” |
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| • |
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| • |
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| • |
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| A boy who’d been silent throughout the class, who talked in a calm, even voice: “I had a dream that the meltdown took place while I was sleeping. I kept hearing my baby sister crying and my mom scream­ing and my dad hammering things and running all over the place trying to get clothes and stomping down to the cellar, getting suitcases. |
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| A boy who’d been silent throughout the class, who talked in a calm, even voice: “I had a dream that the meltdown took place while I was sleeping. I kept hearing my baby sister crying and my mom scream­ing and my dad hammering things and running all over the place trying to get clothes and stomping down to the cellar, getting suitcases. |
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| “My sister kept crying. I was running around the room smashing things because I was so mad about what had happened. 1 smashed my mirror. I took bags and I took boxes and I just threw my stuff in—all my clothes and my toys. Then I ran down the steps and said, ‘Here, Dad,’ and plopped the things all over the floor. Everything went all over the place. |
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| “My sister kept crying. I was running around the room smashing things because I was so mad about what had happened. 1 smashed my mirror. I took bags and I took boxes and I just threw my stuff in—all my clothes and my toys. Then I ran down the steps and said, ‘Here, Dad,’ and plopped the things all over the floor. Everything went all over the place. |
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| “He hollered at me and I was upstairs, crying. He got everything packed in the car. Then I ran downstairs and I got all my stuff. My sister came down, crying, and she had her pillow. My mom was down there, crying, and she was hollering, too. Crying, hollering—that’s all I heard. |
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| “He hollered at me and I was upstairs, crying. He got everything packed in the car. Then I ran downstairs and I got all my stuff. My sister came down, crying, and she had her pillow. My mom was down there, crying, and she was hollering, too. Crying, hollering—that’s all I heard. |
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| “We got out of Middletown and we were going down Route 81 and I was thinking, ‘Oh, no, here comes the meltdown. It’s going to beat us.’ |
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| “We got out of Middletown and we were going down Route 81 and I was thinking, ‘Oh, no, here comes the meltdown. It’s going to beat us.’ |
28 |
| “Then I woke up and had a glass of water. I was real scared.” |
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| “Then I woke up and had a glass of water. I was real scared.” |
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| • |
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| • |
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| • |
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| The sandy-haired boy again: “I had |
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| The sandy-haired boy again: “I had |
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| Figure |
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| Live Jazz Nightly |
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| Live Jazz Nightly |
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| Live Jazz Nightly |
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| Extensive list of fine wines Beer and sandwiches |
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| Extensive list of fine wines Beer and sandwiches |
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| TAVERN |
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| TAVERN |
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| SW 11th & Morrison 227-8219 |
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| SW 11th & Morrison 227-8219 |
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| NO COVER |
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| NO COVER |
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| Figure |
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| Open Monday through Saturday |
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| Open Monday through Saturday |
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| Open Monday through Saturday |
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| 28 |
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| 28 |
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| 28 |
28 |
| Div |
29 |
| Figure |
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| two continuous dreams until I started to hear it was getting better. I told you the one about seeing myself dead. Here is.the other: |
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| two continuous dreams until I started to hear it was getting better. I told you the one about seeing myself dead. Here is.the other: |
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| “We were asleep and we heard a big rumble. That woke us up. We started to go outside and there was this gigantic explosion. |
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| “We were asleep and we heard a big rumble. That woke us up. We started to go outside and there was this gigantic explosion. |
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| “We got in our car and we were almost at the turnpike. But there was something keeping us back. Our car couldn't get through. So we tried another place. But we couldn't get through there either. There was a blockade all around Middletown so there was no way we could get out. |
29 |
| “We got in our car and we were almost at the turnpike. But there was something keeping us back. Our car couldn't get through. So we tried another place. But we couldn't get through there either. There was a blockade all around Middletown so there was no way we could get out. |
29 |
| “We got back to the house and the radi­ation started to get to us. It started coming through our windows. |
29 |
| “We got back to the house and the radi­ation started to get to us. It started coming through our windows. |
29 |
| “Every time I had that dream 1 woke up real sweaty.” |
29 |
| “Every time I had that dream 1 woke up real sweaty.” |
29 |
| There are, clearly, a great many conflict­ing pressures on the kids in Mrs. Christ’s class—and on their families. Several of the students have parents or relatives who work at Three Mile Island. They earn good money—and spend some of it at stores that other kids' parents own. |
29 |
| There are, clearly, a great many conflict­ing pressures on the kids in Mrs. Christ’s class—and on their families. Several of the students have parents or relatives who work at Three Mile Island. They earn good money—and spend some of it at stores that other kids' parents own. |
29 |
| Besides, Middletown has a beneficial economic relationship with Met Ed. Its government buys the utility’s electricity wholesale and resells it to the area’s con­sumers at retail prices. Recently, Met Ed has been arguing that if the nuclear gener­ators are shut down forever, the company’s financial future could be endangered. Many of the children’s families accept that logic and fear the town will suffer financial setback, too. |
29 |
| Besides, Middletown has a beneficial economic relationship with Met Ed. Its government buys the utility’s electricity wholesale and resells it to the area’s con­sumers at retail prices. Recently, Met Ed has been arguing that if the nuclear gener­ators are shut down forever, the company’s financial future could be endangered. Many of the children’s families accept that logic and fear the town will suffer financial setback, too. |
29 |
| At the end of our discussion, I asked the kids to vote on whether they thought that the reactors—or, at least, Unit One— should be reopened. Eight thought that the nuclear power plants should remain shut down; seven thought they should function again; one was undecided. Some of the kids who’d described the most har­rowing experiences and dreams insisted that the plant was essential to the area’s economy and to America’s energy needs. |
29 |
| At the end of our discussion, I asked the kids to vote on whether they thought that the reactors—or, at least, Unit One— should be reopened. Eight thought that the nuclear power plants should remain shut down; seven thought they should function again; one was undecided. Some of the kids who’d described the most har­rowing experiences and dreams insisted that the plant was essential to the area’s economy and to America’s energy needs. |
29 |
| Mrs. Christ agreed. Though she’d packed her suitcases and a strongbox the Saturday after the accident, she never left town: “I felt that my place was to stay with my home.” In fact, that Saturday her brother had driven down from Shamokin |
29 |
| Mrs. Christ agreed. Though she’d packed her suitcases and a strongbox the Saturday after the accident, she never left town: “I felt that my place was to stay with my home.” In fact, that Saturday her brother had driven down from Shamokin |
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| —from coal country, where most of her family still lives—and helped her and her husband shingle the outside of their house. The three of them had a lawn picnic that day. |
29 |
| —from coal country, where most of her family still lives—and helped her and her husband shingle the outside of their house. The three of them had a lawn picnic that day. |
29 |
| The near-meltdown hasn’t particularly influenced her feelings about nuclear power. She thinks that if Unit One does reopen, “It’ll probably be the safest place in the world because of all this publicity. Besides, we need the power. Where else are we going to get it?” |
29 |
| The near-meltdown hasn’t particularly influenced her feelings about nuclear power. She thinks that if Unit One does reopen, “It’ll probably be the safest place in the world because of all this publicity. Besides, we need the power. Where else are we going to get it?” |
29 |
| Later, though, she began to talk about some haunting childhood memories. Her grandfather, a coal miner in Shamokin, had died of black lung—and he’d also had Parkinson’s disease. She wondered if there was a connection between the two ail­ments. Then she said, softly, that the men who worked in the anthracite mines 20 or 30 years ago never realized that the persis­tent cough, which they called miners’ asthma, would turn out to be a disease |
29 |
| Later, though, she began to talk about some haunting childhood memories. Her grandfather, a coal miner in Shamokin, had died of black lung—and he’d also had Parkinson’s disease. She wondered if there was a connection between the two ail­ments. Then she said, softly, that the men who worked in the anthracite mines 20 or 30 years ago never realized that the persis­tent cough, which they called miners’ asthma, would turn out to be a disease |
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| The radiation started to get us. It started coming through our windows. Every time I had that dream I woke up real sweaty. |
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| The radiation started to get us. It started coming through our windows. Every time I had that dream I woke up real sweaty. |
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| endemic to all coal miners, coming from chemical particles that formed the very dust they breathed. |
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| endemic to all coal miners, coming from chemical particles that formed the very dust they breathed. |
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| “Maybe we’ll find that the same sort of thing is true of the radiation here,” she said. “Come back in 20 years and interview some people and you might find that a lot of us have changed our minds about all this. I know there’s a teacher here in our building who is going to have a baby in September. If I were her. I think I’d really be upset. But she doesn’t seem to be.” Then, with a slightly nervous chuckle, she added: “You know, you could drive your­self crazy worrying about things like that.” |
29 |
| “Maybe we’ll find that the same sort of thing is true of the radiation here,” she said. “Come back in 20 years and interview some people and you might find that a lot of us have changed our minds about all this. I know there’s a teacher here in our building who is going to have a baby in September. If I were her. I think I’d really be upset. But she doesn’t seem to be.” Then, with a slightly nervous chuckle, she added: “You know, you could drive your­self crazy worrying about things like that.” |
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| Julie’s Story |
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| Julie’s Story |
29 |
| The senior class of Middletown Regional High School was supposed to have its prom |
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| The senior class of Middletown Regional High School was supposed to have its prom |
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| on Friday, March 30. Julie Reigle had been looking forward to that event for months. It already had been a good year for Julie. She'd made the volleyball team and the basketball team; she’d been ap­pointed Middletown’s representative to the prestigious area-wide youth forum; in May. she ahd her friend Ernie Cessa would be the Rotary Club students of the month. Her father owns a trucking company and raises beef cattle on the banks of the Sus­quehanna, about a mile away from Three Mile Island; her mother is a |
29 |
| on Friday, March 30. Julie Reigle had been looking forward to that event for months. It already had been a good year for Julie. She'd made the volleyball team and the basketball team; she’d been ap­pointed Middletown’s representative to the prestigious area-wide youth forum; in May. she ahd her friend Ernie Cessa would be the Rotary Club students of the month. Her father owns a trucking company and raises beef cattle on the banks of the Sus­quehanna, about a mile away from Three Mile Island; her mother is a |
29 |
| Julie already had been accepted at Ship­pensburg State College, where she expected to study journalism as a prelude to a fun- filled, adventurous life. That week in March, she’d found an ideal job—she would work in a women’s clothing shop, which would allow her to buy skirts and |
29 |
| Julie already had been accepted at Ship­pensburg State College, where she expected to study journalism as a prelude to a fun- filled, adventurous life. That week in March, she’d found an ideal job—she would work in a women’s clothing shop, which would allow her to buy skirts and |
29 |
| dresses at discount prices. What’s more, she had a boyfriend she cared about deeply. |
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| dresses at discount prices. What’s more, she had a boyfriend she cared about deeply. |
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| The prom promised to mark a graceful end to a golden year. |
29 |
| The prom promised to mark a graceful end to a golden year. |
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| Like everyone else in Middletown, Julie had heard there was trouble at Three Mile Island the previous Wednesday. Though she’d accepted Met Ed’s assurances that it was a small leak, she must have had some premonition of trouble. For, Thursday night, “I dreamed that I was standing in my bathroom with my gown on when I heard the news that the prom had been cancelled because of radiation. |
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| Like everyone else in Middletown, Julie had heard there was trouble at Three Mile Island the previous Wednesday. Though she’d accepted Met Ed’s assurances that it was a small leak, she must have had some premonition of trouble. For, Thursday night, “I dreamed that I was standing in my bathroom with my gown on when I heard the news that the prom had been cancelled because of radiation. |
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| “Friday morning, I told my best friend about the dream. She said she’d had one just like it. So we began to joke about our nightmares.” |
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| “Friday morning, I told my best friend about the dream. She said she’d had one just like it. So we began to joke about our nightmares.” |
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| At nine on Friday morning, Julie was in an accounting class. She'd mastered most |
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| At nine on Friday morning, Julie was in an accounting class. She'd mastered most |
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| of the material—and. feeling a little bored, she stared idly out the window. Suddenly she saw Middletown’s mayor, Robert Reid —who is also a teacher at the high school —sprinting toward his car in the parking lot. A small detail telegraphed his anxiety to her. “He almost always stops for the stop sign outside the lot. He cares a lot about setting a good example for the rest of us. But that morning he whipped in his car and ran right through it. Right then, I knew something was wrong." |
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| of the material—and. feeling a little bored, she stared idly out the window. Suddenly she saw Middletown’s mayor, Robert Reid —who is also a teacher at the high school —sprinting toward his car in the parking lot. A small detail telegraphed his anxiety to her. “He almost always stops for the stop sign outside the lot. He cares a lot about setting a good example for the rest of us. But that morning he whipped in his car and ran right through it. Right then, I knew something was wrong." |
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| At 10:30, when Julie was sitting in her English class, the janitor came in to close the airvents. Downstairs, there was a traf­fic jam in front of the building. Soon, a voice on the loudspeaker told the students to close all the windows. The teachers didn’t know any more about what was going on than the kids did. “They just said. ‘If anything happens, we'll announce it over the PA system.’” |
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| At 10:30, when Julie was sitting in her English class, the janitor came in to close the airvents. Downstairs, there was a traf­fic jam in front of the building. Soon, a voice on the loudspeaker told the students to close all the windows. The teachers didn’t know any more about what was going on than the kids did. “They just said. ‘If anything happens, we'll announce it over the PA system.’” |
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| Julie and her classmates were so nervous they couldn’t study. “We just sat there and played charades all period, to get our minds off what might happen. The cha­rades were kind of funny. I remember one girl who said, ‘Guess what I am?’ She raised up three fingers and stuck her hand out toward us. Then she yelled, ‘Boom! I’m Three Mile Island.’” |
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| Julie and her classmates were so nervous they couldn’t study. “We just sat there and played charades all period, to get our minds off what might happen. The cha­rades were kind of funny. I remember one girl who said, ‘Guess what I am?’ She raised up three fingers and stuck her hand out toward us. Then she yelled, ‘Boom! I’m Three Mile Island.’” |
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| Julie went home at about 12:30. She still assumed that she’d go to the prom that night, so the few extra hours were a gift: She figured she’d go downtown and get her hair done. |
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| Julie went home at about 12:30. She still assumed that she’d go to the prom that night, so the few extra hours were a gift: She figured she’d go downtown and get her hair done. |
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| Just as she was leaving for the beauti­cian. her mother came home. Some of the professors at Capital Campus had been worrying since Wednesday that Met Ed was concealing the truth. Mrs. Reigle was frightened, too—far more frightened than her daughter. |
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| Just as she was leaving for the beauti­cian. her mother came home. Some of the professors at Capital Campus had been worrying since Wednesday that Met Ed was concealing the truth. Mrs. Reigle was frightened, too—far more frightened than her daughter. |
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| “She said, ‘We're leaving,’” Julie re­calls. “Of course. I didn’t want to go. 1 thought she was dragging me away from one of the most important dances of my life. And I was scared that if I didn’t report for work the next morning I’d lose my job. I’d been trying to get one like it ever since basketball season.” |
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| “She said, ‘We're leaving,’” Julie re­calls. “Of course. I didn’t want to go. 1 thought she was dragging me away from one of the most important dances of my life. And I was scared that if I didn’t report for work the next morning I’d lose my job. I’d been trying to get one like it ever since basketball season.” |
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| At least. Julie figured, she’d have an hour or so to pack. “But my mother told me to be in the car in 10 minutes. That was very hard. How could I gothrough 18 years worth of things, and choose what to take? 1 thought. ‘What if 1 never come back? What is of value to me?’ |
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| At least. Julie figured, she’d have an hour or so to pack. “But my mother told me to be in the car in 10 minutes. That was very hard. How could I gothrough 18 years worth of things, and choose what to take? 1 thought. ‘What if 1 never come back? What is of value to me?’ |
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| Figure |
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| “I wanted to take my prom gown, but I couldn’t fit it into my suitcase. So I got out a few days’ worth of clothes, and my jewel­ry. I have a lot of turquoise and I thought if anyone broke into my house I didn’t want them to take that, f took all the money I had in the house, and my mother took all our bankbooks and photo albums. We had a lot of beef from my father’s farm in the basement, so we took that. And we packed all the fresh fruits and vegetables we could find." |
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| “I wanted to take my prom gown, but I couldn’t fit it into my suitcase. So I got out a few days’ worth of clothes, and my jewel­ry. I have a lot of turquoise and I thought if anyone broke into my house I didn’t want them to take that, f took all the money I had in the house, and my mother took all our bankbooks and photo albums. We had a lot of beef from my father’s farm in the basement, so we took that. And we packed all the fresh fruits and vegetables we could find." |
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| Julie and her mother headed for the Reigles’ small cabin up in Tower City, in coal country. But she insisted on going in her own car. not her mother’s. “I was so mad at her. I said, ‘I’m following you up. I don’t want to be anywhere near you.’” One of the things that made Julie angriest was that she hadn’t been able to see her boyfriend before she left. “He had my flowers and everything. I never saw them until they were dried out.” |
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| Julie and her mother headed for the Reigles’ small cabin up in Tower City, in coal country. But she insisted on going in her own car. not her mother’s. “I was so mad at her. I said, ‘I’m following you up. I don’t want to be anywhere near you.’” One of the things that made Julie angriest was that she hadn’t been able to see her boyfriend before she left. “He had my flowers and everything. I never saw them until they were dried out.” |
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| As she drove up to Tower City, Julie kept commuting between her normal, everyday consciousness and her increasing realization that each familiar detail was really a sign of something unknown and ominous. “When I was passing the Her­shey arena 1 saw this carload of women. They were all pregnant. They all had little kids, little babies. That’s when it began to hit me really Hard. They were evacuating and 1 was scared for them. Then, when I was driving further up the road, up Route 81. it seemed like I saw a c |
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| As she drove up to Tower City, Julie kept commuting between her normal, everyday consciousness and her increasing realization that each familiar detail was really a sign of something unknown and ominous. “When I was passing the Her­shey arena 1 saw this carload of women. They were all pregnant. They all had little kids, little babies. That’s when it began to hit me really Hard. They were evacuating and 1 was scared for them. Then, when I was driving further up the road, up Route 81. it seemed like I saw a c |
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| When they got to Tower City, Julie and her mother spent several hours trying to telephone her father. He insisted on staying in Middletown—and his reasons were echoed by hundreds of people in the lush dairy farming region near Three Mile Island. “How could he leave his farm?” Julie asked. “What could he do with 150 cows? He couldn’t let them stay there without milking them—they’d die. He couldn’t take them up to Tower City.” |
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| When they got to Tower City, Julie and her mother spent several hours trying to telephone her father. He insisted on staying in Middletown—and his reasons were echoed by hundreds of people in the lush dairy farming region near Three Mile Island. “How could he leave his farm?” Julie asked. “What could he do with 150 cows? He couldn’t let them stay there without milking them—they’d die. He couldn’t take them up to Tower City.” |
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| Like the Hursts, the Reigles spent noisy, crowded days in exile. Eleven members of their extended family—including grand­ |
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| Like the Hursts, the Reigles spent noisy, crowded days in exile. Eleven members of their extended family—including grand­ |
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| parents and children—slept in a cabin that had been built for five. They didn’t feel very safe there—they felt they were too close to Three Mile Island to survive a meltdown. Julie’s aunt drove back to Mid­dletown to get her camper. The entire family made plans to meet in Florida in case they had to evacuate again. |
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| parents and children—slept in a cabin that had been built for five. They didn’t feel very safe there—they felt they were too close to Three Mile Island to survive a meltdown. Julie’s aunt drove back to Mid­dletown to get her camper. The entire family made plans to meet in Florida in case they had to evacuate again. |
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| The tension kept building. Julie couldn’t stand “being pent up with all those people. They were all yelling all the time. One lucky thing happened, though. A good friend of mine from Hershey came up to Tower City with her parents. We spent a lot of time talking together. At least we could share our fears. We kept wondering, what if we never go back? What if we never see our friends again? Even if they all evac­uated, they’d be so scattered we could never find them.” |
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| The tension kept building. Julie couldn’t stand “being pent up with all those people. They were all yelling all the time. One lucky thing happened, though. A good friend of mine from Hershey came up to Tower City with her parents. We spent a lot of time talking together. At least we could share our fears. We kept wondering, what if we never go back? What if we never see our friends again? Even if they all evac­uated, they’d be so scattered we could never find them.” |
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| When Julie did get back to Middletown, she wanted everything to go back to normal as quickly as possible. “The first day I went downtown to get a perm,” she says with a laugh. “But my mom was still scared. We still have our bags packed and they sit by her bedroom door. We never let the cars get below three-quarters of a tank of gas. |
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| When Julie did get back to Middletown, she wanted everything to go back to normal as quickly as possible. “The first day I went downtown to get a perm,” she says with a laugh. “But my mom was still scared. We still have our bags packed and they sit by her bedroom door. We never let the cars get below three-quarters of a tank of gas. |
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| “Most people are still worried about what happened, especially because all |
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| “Most people are still worried about what happened, especially because all |
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| those other things about radiation are surfacing now. Did you see that television show about St. George, Utah? There was a guy on it who had lost seven members of his family to cancer. The odds against that must be astronomical. I keep thinking, is my family going to die? |
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| those other things about radiation are surfacing now. Did you see that television show about St. George, Utah? There was a guy on it who had lost seven members of his family to cancer. The odds against that must be astronomical. I keep thinking, is my family going to die? |
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| “One girlfriend of mine—her mother said to her, 'Don’t be the first one in your age group to have children.’ |
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| “One girlfriend of mine—her mother said to her, 'Don’t be the first one in your age group to have children.’ |
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| “I wonder, was 1 far enough away from Three Mile Island when I evacuated? Then I think, if anything happened, it probably happened on Wednesday, when we all believed there was just a small leak down there. Sometimes I just want to get away. But where can I go? There is no place where there is no nuclear energy. Besides, everything I have is here.” |
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| “I wonder, was 1 far enough away from Three Mile Island when I evacuated? Then I think, if anything happened, it probably happened on Wednesday, when we all believed there was just a small leak down there. Sometimes I just want to get away. But where can I go? There is no place where there is no nuclear energy. Besides, everything I have is here.” |
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| Like many kids in Mrs. Christ’s class, Julie is not convinced that Unit One should stay shut down. “They say that Unit One worked fine. Sometimes I think we need it—that there’s no other way to get energy. Then I hear something like the stories about Utah that makes me lean toward not wanting it. Each time I hear a new fact it tilts me one way or the other.” |
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| Like many kids in Mrs. Christ’s class, Julie is not convinced that Unit One should stay shut down. “They say that Unit One worked fine. Sometimes I think we need it—that there’s no other way to get energy. Then I hear something like the stories about Utah that makes me lean toward not wanting it. Each time I hear a new fact it tilts me one way or the other.” |
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| She is frequently reminded of her fears. “One night, my girlfriend and I were driv­ing home from the East Mall. All of a sud­ |
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| She is frequently reminded of her fears. “One night, my girlfriend and I were driv­ing home from the East Mall. All of a sud­ |
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| den I saw Three Mile Island. Before, when the sun set over it real nice, I might notice it. But now, whenever I come off a moun­tain I see it, and it looks 10 times bigger than it did before the accident.” |
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| den I saw Three Mile Island. Before, when the sun set over it real nice, I might notice it. But now, whenever I come off a moun­tain I see it, and it looks 10 times bigger than it did before the accident.” |
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| These days hundreds of people in Mid­dletown wear brash T-shirts, like the one that says, “I Survived Three Mile Island.” Usually, Julie thinks they’re “cute”—she bought one herself, to attract attention when she and her friends go to the shore this summer. “Somebody’s making a lot of money off them,” she says with a laugh. “I don’t see what’s wrong with that. You make money off everything else.” But once in awhile she looks at a T-shirt and feels a quick rush of fear. |
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| These days hundreds of people in Mid­dletown wear brash T-shirts, like the one that says, “I Survived Three Mile Island.” Usually, Julie thinks they’re “cute”—she bought one herself, to attract attention when she and her friends go to the shore this summer. “Somebody’s making a lot of money off them,” she says with a laugh. “I don’t see what’s wrong with that. You make money off everything else.” But once in awhile she looks at a T-shirt and feels a quick rush of fear. |
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| “It’s going to be on my mind for a very long time—I know that. Maybe not in the next couple of years, when I go to college. But 1 know that when I’m pregnant I’m going to be total raw nerves. I think a lot of the kids here are going to be the same way. They might not express it outwardly, but I think they feel it deep down inside. For instance, I made a joke in class the other day. One of my teachers said, ‘Next week we’re going to have a full week of school— it will be the first time in three or four weeks |
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| “It’s going to be on my mind for a very long time—I know that. Maybe not in the next couple of years, when I go to college. But 1 know that when I’m pregnant I’m going to be total raw nerves. I think a lot of the kids here are going to be the same way. They might not express it outwardly, but I think they feel it deep down inside. For instance, I made a joke in class the other day. One of my teachers said, ‘Next week we’re going to have a full week of school— it will be the first time in three or four weeks |
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| Even though Julie loves Middletown, she doubts she’ll settle there. Right now, she’s eager to travel. When she’s older, her fantasy is to leave the East altogether and settle in Colorado. As she talked about those plans and about her fears, a difficult question crossed my mind. What if she fell in love with a man who didn’t know where she was from, or what she had lived through? What would she tell him? |
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| Even though Julie loves Middletown, she doubts she’ll settle there. Right now, she’s eager to travel. When she’s older, her fantasy is to leave the East altogether and settle in Colorado. As she talked about those plans and about her fears, a difficult question crossed my mind. What if she fell in love with a man who didn’t know where she was from, or what she had lived through? What would she tell him? |
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| “I’d say there’s some chance I might have.. .you know.. .that people who live here might get cancer or leukemia or have deformed babies. I’d tell him the truth. But it would bother me. |
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| “I’d say there’s some chance I might have.. .you know.. .that people who live here might get cancer or leukemia or have deformed babies. I’d tell him the truth. But it would bother me. |
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| “There’s something else that bothers me. A lot of the kids who live here will probably move away. I might not know what happens to anyone for years. My best friend might die of cancer. I don’t think we’re going to know the odds or the statis­tics about our own health. That scares |
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| “There’s something else that bothers me. A lot of the kids who live here will probably move away. I might not know what happens to anyone for years. My best friend might die of cancer. I don’t think we’re going to know the odds or the statis­tics about our own health. That scares |
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| brochures |
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| books |
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| printing in colors |
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| a collectively run print shop |
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| a collectively run print shop |
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| me.” |
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| me.” |
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| What the Doctors Have Seen |
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| What the Doctors Have Seen |
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| Julie Reigle’s fears—like the Hursts’— are for her future. But many people in the Three Mile Island area are experiencing health problems right now. |
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| Julie Reigle’s fears—like the Hursts’— are for her future. But many people in the Three Mile Island area are experiencing health problems right now. |
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| Dr. Joseph Leaser, 46, and Dr. John Barnoski, 32, both have private practices in Middletown. Since March 28, a large number of their patients have had physical and psychological problems clearly result­ing from the accident. |
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| Dr. Joseph Leaser, 46, and Dr. John Barnoski, 32, both have private practices in Middletown. Since March 28, a large number of their patients have had physical and psychological problems clearly result­ing from the accident. |
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| “At first,” Dr. Leaser said, “most of the patients who came in had gastrointestinal disorders—lots of nausea, vomiting, stom­ach cramps, menstrual disorders.” Those complaints dominated his practice for a week or two after the accident. |
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| “At first,” Dr. Leaser said, “most of the patients who came in had gastrointestinal disorders—lots of nausea, vomiting, stom­ach cramps, menstrual disorders.” Those complaints dominated his practice for a week or two after the accident. |
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| Since then, “almost any condition a patient has—the unspoken question in the back of their minds is: ‘Can this be related to Three Mile Island?’ For example, there’s been a lot of talk about the thyroid because of all the radiated iodine in the air. So anything connected with the mouth or the throat has people uptight. If they have an ulcer in their mouth, or a sore throat, or if they feel any kind of glandular swelling they get concerned. |
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| Since then, “almost any condition a patient has—the unspoken question in the back of their minds is: ‘Can this be related to Three Mile Island?’ For example, there’s been a lot of talk about the thyroid because of all the radiated iodine in the air. So anything connected with the mouth or the throat has people uptight. If they have an ulcer in their mouth, or a sore throat, or if they feel any kind of glandular swelling they get concerned. |
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| “The frustrating thing is that we really don’t know how much radiation was re­leased, especially between a half-mile and a mile of Three Mile Island. So we can’t tell people whether their symptoms are physical or psychosomatic. There has been so little written or researched about the effects of low-level radiation over a long period of time that we have very few guide­lines to go by. We just can’t tell patients what to expect.” |
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| “The frustrating thing is that we really don’t know how much radiation was re­leased, especially between a half-mile and a mile of Three Mile Island. So we can’t tell people whether their symptoms are physical or psychosomatic. There has been so little written or researched about the effects of low-level radiation over a long period of time that we have very few guide­lines to go by. We just can’t tell patients what to expect.” |
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| Middletown has never been a place where many people took sleeping pills, Dr. Leaser says. Now it’s common for peo­ple to come in with complaints about nightmares or insomnia—and to request a medication that will remedy those prob­lems. “They’ll talk about it openly, too— they’ll say, ‘I really hit the Valium scene this week.’ |
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| Middletown has never been a place where many people took sleeping pills, Dr. Leaser says. Now it’s common for peo­ple to come in with complaints about nightmares or insomnia—and to request a medication that will remedy those prob­lems. “They’ll talk about it openly, too— they’ll say, ‘I really hit the Valium scene this week.’ |
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| “We’ve been seeing another unusual thing. A lot of people are describing pur­poseless, nondirected behavior. They have things to do, but they just can’t do them. So they’ll carry clothes from the bedroom to the dining room to the kitchen, or they’ll |
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| “We’ve been seeing another unusual thing. A lot of people are describing pur­poseless, nondirected behavior. They have things to do, but they just can’t do them. So they’ll carry clothes from the bedroom to the dining room to the kitchen, or they’ll |
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| move dishes aimlessly back and forth.” |
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| move dishes aimlessly back and forth.” |
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| The accident uprooted them from their routines, he said. It make some of them wonder if they wanted to stay in the area— where they'd expected to live forever. It undermined the ordered, structured rou­tines of their lives. |
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| The accident uprooted them from their routines, he said. It make some of them wonder if they wanted to stay in the area— where they'd expected to live forever. It undermined the ordered, structured rou­tines of their lives. |
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| One morning in May, I asked Dr. Bar­noski to describe the Three Mile Island- related cases he’d had the previous day. |
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| One morning in May, I asked Dr. Bar­noski to describe the Three Mile Island- related cases he’d had the previous day. |
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| “A 25-year-old girl came in. She said she was nervous and she needed help. Her stomach got upset whenever she tried to eat. As we talked, I realized that she con­stantly dwelled on Three Mile Island. She was terrified that she'd been affected by the accident. |
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| “A 25-year-old girl came in. She said she was nervous and she needed help. Her stomach got upset whenever she tried to eat. As we talked, I realized that she con­stantly dwelled on Three Mile Island. She was terrified that she'd been affected by the accident. |
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| “Another mother came in to complain that she couldn’t sleep. She was afraid that if she dozed off she wouldn’t be able to hear the sirens going off, warning people to evacuate. She didn’t want her family to be trapped in a meltdown. |
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| “Another mother came in to complain that she couldn’t sleep. She was afraid that if she dozed off she wouldn’t be able to hear the sirens going off, warning people to evacuate. She didn’t want her family to be trapped in a meltdown. |
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| “I had a call from a woman who is four months pregnant. She wants to know if Three Mile Island is cause for an abortion. Another guy called me and asked if it was safe for his wife to get pregnant. |
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| “I had a call from a woman who is four months pregnant. She wants to know if Three Mile Island is cause for an abortion. Another guy called me and asked if it was safe for his wife to get pregnant. |
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| “Yesterday afternoon, a woman came in whose son had just broken out in a rash. She had gone to Harrisburg to attend a |
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| “Yesterday afternoon, a woman came in whose son had just broken out in a rash. She had gone to Harrisburg to attend a |
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| speech by Dr. Carl Johnson, a radiologist from Colorado. She asked him about her boy. He said that the rash might possibly be related to the beta emission that has been leaking from the containment. The next day she called Pennsylvania’s Depart­ment of Environmental Research, but they wouldn’t help her out. They said she’d have to go to a specialist in Philadelphia, and that the visit would cost $200. So she turned to me. |
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| speech by Dr. Carl Johnson, a radiologist from Colorado. She asked him about her boy. He said that the rash might possibly be related to the beta emission that has been leaking from the containment. The next day she called Pennsylvania’s Depart­ment of Environmental Research, but they wouldn’t help her out. They said she’d have to go to a specialist in Philadelphia, and that the visit would cost $200. So she turned to me. |
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| “I had to tell 1 don’t really know much about beta emissions. I don’t want to ter­rify people like her, but I don’t want to give them unrealistic comfort. It’s a terri­ble position to be in.” |
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| “I had to tell 1 don’t really know much about beta emissions. I don’t want to ter­rify people like her, but I don’t want to give them unrealistic comfort. It’s a terri­ble position to be in.” |
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| Alice Etters: |
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| Alice Etters: |
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| An Overdose of Radiation |
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| An Overdose of Radiation |
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| Alice and Harvey Etters, both in their fifties, have lived six-tenths of a mile from Three Mile Island for the past 25 years. They built their stone house on the banks of the Susquehanna when the island was still a resort—with people fishing and boating, full of families picnicking near the summer cottages on the land that Met Ed was just then beginning to buy. |
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| Alice and Harvey Etters, both in their fifties, have lived six-tenths of a mile from Three Mile Island for the past 25 years. They built their stone house on the banks of the Susquehanna when the island was still a resort—with people fishing and boating, full of families picnicking near the summer cottages on the land that Met Ed was just then beginning to buy. |
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| On March 30, Alice and Harvey Etters waited until they heard about the hydrogen |
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| On March 30, Alice and Harvey Etters waited until they heard about the hydrogen |
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| bubble on the 11 p.m. news. Then they drove through the soft spring afternoon to Alice’s sister’s house in Rome, New York. They returned in time to observe Palm Sunday at the nearby Mennonite church whose gentle, fundamentalist creed has given them such a strong sense of security in the last few years. |
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| bubble on the 11 p.m. news. Then they drove through the soft spring afternoon to Alice’s sister’s house in Rome, New York. They returned in time to observe Palm Sunday at the nearby Mennonite church whose gentle, fundamentalist creed has given them such a strong sense of security in the last few years. |
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| In mid-April, Met Ed decided to provide local people with a body-scanning ma­chine, to see if anyone in the area had re­ceived an overdose of radiation. The utility did so with several stipulations. Only one member of a family could be scanned. The machine would be located in Middletown. That meant people in Goldsboro and the town of Etters—on the opposite side of the river—would have to make a half-hour drive to use the device. |
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| In mid-April, Met Ed decided to provide local people with a body-scanning ma­chine, to see if anyone in the area had re­ceived an overdose of radiation. The utility did so with several stipulations. Only one member of a family could be scanned. The machine would be located in Middletown. That meant people in Goldsboro and the town of Etters—on the opposite side of the river—would have to make a half-hour drive to use the device. |
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| In the end, just 721 of the approximately 30,000 people who live within three miles of the power plant were scanned. Alice Etters and her sister Greta McKinney, who lives next door, were two of them. |
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| In the end, just 721 of the approximately 30,000 people who live within three miles of the power plant were scanned. Alice Etters and her sister Greta McKinney, who lives next door, were two of them. |
31 |
| When they emerged from the coffinlike machine, a doctor read their print-outs and told them they were fine. Then the re­sults were sent to California, for more study. |
31 |
| When they emerged from the coffinlike machine, a doctor read their print-outs and told them they were fine. Then the re­sults were sent to California, for more study. |
31 |
| A week later, Alice Etters recalls, “I came home with my groceries. Greta came in the door. She said, ‘Alice, did you get the phone call?’ She was as white as a sheet. And I thought, ‘Oh, no, don’t tell me something has happened in my family.’ I’ve gotten a lot of phone calls about people dying. But she said, ‘You remember when we got scanned? Well, Dr. Gotchy [a senior radiation biologist for the NRC] called today and said that you and I—our scan­ning came out 10 times higher than normal.’ |
31 |
| A week later, Alice Etters recalls, “I came home with my groceries. Greta came in the door. She said, ‘Alice, did you get the phone call?’ She was as white as a sheet. And I thought, ‘Oh, no, don’t tell me something has happened in my family.’ I’ve gotten a lot of phone calls about people dying. But she said, ‘You remember when we got scanned? Well, Dr. Gotchy [a senior radiation biologist for the NRC] called today and said that you and I—our scan­ning came out 10 times higher than normal.’ |
31 |
| “I was standing there—and it just felt like everything went foof. I don’t even know what I did with my groceries. |
31 |
| “I was standing there—and it just felt like everything went foof. I don’t even know what I did with my groceries. |
31 |
| “Just then, Dr. Gotchy called me with the same news he had given Greta—except he said there were nine people with high readings. I asked, ‘Well, what do we do now?’ ‘It’s nothing to worry about,’ he said. ‘It was caused by natural causes—maybe by the stone in your house.’ I thought to myself, ‘Well, Greta lives in a brick house so that can't be true.’ But I said to him, ‘Why did you call us if there’s nothing to worry about?’ He answered, ‘Well, there’s nothing to be concerned about. I wouldn’t |
31 |
| “Just then, Dr. Gotchy called me with the same news he had given Greta—except he said there were nine people with high readings. I asked, ‘Well, what do we do now?’ ‘It’s nothing to worry about,’ he said. ‘It was caused by natural causes—maybe by the stone in your house.’ I thought to myself, ‘Well, Greta lives in a brick house so that can't be true.’ But I said to him, ‘Why did you call us if there’s nothing to worry about?’ He answered, ‘Well, there’s nothing to be concerned about. I wouldn’t |
31 |
| PSU Film Committee Fall Schedule |
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| PSU Film Committee Fall Schedule |
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| OCTOBER |
31 |
| OCTOBER |
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| 5 FRIDAY |
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| 5 FRIDAY |
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| Stormy Weather (1943) 7 p.m. |
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| Stormy Weather (1943) 7 p.m. |
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| Lena Horne, Cab Calloway, and Fats Waller. Professor Andries Deinum who worked on the filmand knows where all the bodies are buried will preface the screening with back­ground on the production. |
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| Lena Horne, Cab Calloway, and Fats Waller. Professor Andries Deinum who worked on the filmand knows where all the bodies are buried will preface the screening with back­ground on the production. |
31 |
| Death of a Gunfighter (1969) 8:45 p.m. |
31 |
| Death of a Gunfighter (1969) 8:45 p.m. |
31 |
| Lena Horne and Richard Widmark star in this Don Siegel soap opera with horses. |
31 |
| Lena Horne and Richard Widmark star in this Don Siegel soap opera with horses. |
31 |
| 6 Saturday |
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| 6 Saturday |
31 |
| Life of Oharu (1952) 7 p.m. |
31 |
| Life of Oharu (1952) 7 p.m. |
31 |
| The films of the Japanese director Kenji Mizoguchi are remarkable for their special insight into the social conditions of women. Set at the turn of the 18th Century, the film paints a vast aqnd intricate canvas of feudal Japan. |
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| The films of the Japanese director Kenji Mizoguchi are remarkable for their special insight into the social conditions of women. Set at the turn of the 18th Century, the film paints a vast aqnd intricate canvas of feudal Japan. |
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| Sisters of Gion (1936) 9:25 p.m. |
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| Sisters of Gion (1936) 9:25 p.m. |
31 |
| Mizoguchi pinpoints the situation of women in Japan through the plight of two geisha sisters. One is modern in outlook, the other quite tradi­tional. |
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| Mizoguchi pinpoints the situation of women in Japan through the plight of two geisha sisters. One is modern in outlook, the other quite tradi­tional. |
31 |
| 12 Friday |
31 |
| 12 Friday |
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| Emperor Jones (1933) 7:00 p.m. |
31 |
| Emperor Jones (1933) 7:00 p.m. |
31 |
| This film introduced Paul Robeson to the screen in the role of the blus­tering, arrogant Brutus Jones, a Pull­man porter who became King of Haiti. |
31 |
| This film introduced Paul Robeson to the screen in the role of the blus­tering, arrogant Brutus Jones, a Pull­man porter who became King of Haiti. |
31 |
| Sanders of the River (1935) 8:30 p.m. Another rare Robeson film. |
31 |
| Sanders of the River (1935) 8:30 p.m. Another rare Robeson film. |
31 |
| 13 Saturday |
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| 13 Saturday |
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| A Geisha (1953) 7:00 p.m. |
31 |
| A Geisha (1953) 7:00 p.m. |
31 |
| Mizoguchi’s most definitive treat­ment of the subject of prostitution. |
31 |
| Mizoguchi’s most definitive treat­ment of the subject of prostitution. |
31 |
| Princess Yang Kwei Fei (1955) 8:40 p.m. |
31 |
| Princess Yang Kwei Fei (1955) 8:40 p.m. |
31 |
| One of the most beautiful love stories ever filmed. |
31 |
| One of the most beautiful love stories ever filmed. |
31 |
| 19 Friday |
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| 19 Friday |
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| Jericho (1937) 7 p.m. |
31 |
| Jericho (1937) 7 p.m. |
31 |
| Robeson lives the high life of a sheik |
31 |
| Robeson lives the high life of a sheik |
31 |
| King Solomon’s Mines (1937) 8:30 p.m. |
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| King Solomon’s Mines (1937) 8:30 p.m. |
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| High adventure. |
31 |
| High adventure. |
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| 20 Saturday |
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| 20 Saturday |
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| My Love Has been Burning (1949) 7 p.m. |
31 |
| My Love Has been Burning (1949) 7 p.m. |
31 |
| 1880’s Liberalism and Feminism in Japan. |
31 |
| 1880’s Liberalism and Feminism in Japan. |
31 |
| Utamaro and His Five Women (1946) 8:35 p.m. |
31 |
| Utamaro and His Five Women (1946) 8:35 p.m. |
31 |
| Embellished account of the great Japanese printmaker. |
31 |
| Embellished account of the great Japanese printmaker. |
31 |
| 26 Friday |
31 |
| 26 Friday |
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| Song of Freedom (1937) 7 p.m. |
31 |
| Song of Freedom (1937) 7 p.m. |
31 |
| Paul Robeson as opera singer long­ing for Africa. |
31 |
| Paul Robeson as opera singer long­ing for Africa. |
31 |
| The Proud Valley (1937) 8:25 p.m. |
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| The Proud Valley (1937) 8:25 p.m. |
31 |
| Robeson working in Welsh mining town. |
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| Robeson working in Welsh mining town. |
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| 27 Saturday |
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| 27 Saturday |
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| The Crucified Lovers (1959) 1 p.m. & 7 p.m. |
31 |
| The Crucified Lovers (1959) 1 p.m. & 7 p.m. |
31 |
| Shy scroll master falls in love with his master’s wife. |
31 |
| Shy scroll master falls in love with his master’s wife. |
31 |
| Tales of Taira Clan (1955) 3 p.m. & 8:50 p.m. |
31 |
| Tales of Taira Clan (1955) 3 p.m. & 8:50 p.m. |
31 |
| 12th Century Japan’s feudal battles. |
31 |
| 12th Century Japan’s feudal battles. |
31 |
| November |
31 |
| November |
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| PSU Film Committee |
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| PSU Film Committee |
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| Place: 75 Lincoln Hall (Lower Level) Market and Broadway |
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| Place: 75 Lincoln Hall (Lower Level) Market and Broadway |
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| Admission: Students and Senior Citizens — $1.00 All others — $1.50 |
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| Admission: Students and Senior Citizens — $1.00 All others — $1.50 |
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| 2 Friday |
31 |
| 2 Friday |
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| Accatone (1961) 7 p.m. |
31 |
| Accatone (1961) 7 p.m. |
31 |
| Pasolini’s first film is an evoca­tion of slum life. |
31 |
| Pasolini’s first film is an evoca­tion of slum life. |
31 |
| Theorems (1969) 9:15 p.m. |
31 |
| Theorems (1969) 9:15 p.m. |
31 |
| Terence Stamp and Silvana Mangano star in this engrossing allegory. |
31 |
| Terence Stamp and Silvana Mangano star in this engrossing allegory. |
31 |
| Saturdays in November — FREE showings of the fine television films of Roberto Rossellini. |
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| Saturdays in November — FREE showings of the fine television films of Roberto Rossellini. |
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| 3 Saturday |
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| 3 Saturday |
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| Socrates (1970) 7 p.m. |
31 |
| Socrates (1970) 7 p.m. |
31 |
| Cosimo de Medici (1973) 9:30 p.m. |
31 |
| Cosimo de Medici (1973) 9:30 p.m. |
31 |
| 4 Sunday |
31 |
| 4 Sunday |
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| An Evening with the Animation Collective — 30 films by local artists. |
31 |
| An Evening with the Animation Collective — 30 films by local artists. |
31 |
| 9 Friday |
31 |
| 9 Friday |
31 |
| Hawks and Sparrows &1965) 7 p.m. |
31 |
| Hawks and Sparrows &1965) 7 p.m. |
31 |
| Pasolini’s critique of contem­porary Italy. |
31 |
| Pasolini’s critique of contem­porary Italy. |
31 |
| Pigpen (1970) 8:45 p.m. |
31 |
| Pigpen (1970) 8:45 p.m. |
31 |
| Three allegorical stories by Pasonini |
31 |
| Three allegorical stories by Pasonini |
31 |
| 10 Saturday |
31 |
| 10 Saturday |
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| Augustine of Hippo (1970) 7 p.m. Rossellini focuses on the moral force of St. Augustine’s life. |
31 |
| Augustine of Hippo (1970) 7 p.m. Rossellini focuses on the moral force of St. Augustine’s life. |
31 |
| The Power of Cosimo (1973) 9:30 p.m. |
31 |
| The Power of Cosimo (1973) 9:30 p.m. |
31 |
| The flowering of 1434 Florence. |
31 |
| The flowering of 1434 Florence. |
31 |
| 16 Friday |
31 |
| 16 Friday |
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| Medea (1971) 7 & 9 p.m. |
31 |
| Medea (1971) 7 & 9 p.m. |
31 |
| Pasolini takes on the classic tale. |
31 |
| Pasolini takes on the classic tale. |
31 |
| 12 Saturday |
31 |
| 12 Saturday |
31 |
| Rise of Louis XIV (1966) 7 p.m. |
31 |
| Rise of Louis XIV (1966) 7 p.m. |
31 |
| The rise to power of a man and an era. |
31 |
| The rise to power of a man and an era. |
31 |
| Leon Battista Alberti (1973) 9 p.m. |
31 |
| Leon Battista Alberti (1973) 9 p.m. |
31 |
| Rossellini looks at the age of Medici. |
31 |
| Rossellini looks at the age of Medici. |
31 |
| 30 Friday |
31 |
| 30 Friday |
31 |
| The Gospel According to St. |
31 |
| The Gospel According to St. |
31 |
| Matthew (1964) 7 p.m. |
31 |
| Matthew (1964) 7 p.m. |
31 |
| A modern interpretation of the Evangelists text. |
31 |
| A modern interpretation of the Evangelists text. |
31 |
| DECEMBER |
31 |
| DECEMBER |
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| 1 Saturday |
31 |
| 1 Saturday |
31 |
| Blaise Pascal (1972) 7 & 9:45 p.m. |
31 |
| Blaise Pascal (1972) 7 & 9:45 p.m. |
31 |
| A study of the 17th Century scientist and religious philoso­pher. |
31 |
| A study of the 17th Century scientist and religious philoso­pher. |
31 |
| 31 |
31 |
| 31 |
31 |
| 31 |
31 |
| move out of that house if 1 were you.’” |
32 |
| move out of that house if 1 were you.’” |
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| move out of that house if 1 were you.’” |
32 |
| Afterward. Alice Etters realized she’d been so alarmed by his news that she’d failed to ask what it actually meant that she had 10 times the normal level of radia­tion in her body. |
32 |
| Afterward. Alice Etters realized she’d been so alarmed by his news that she’d failed to ask what it actually meant that she had 10 times the normal level of radia­tion in her body. |
32 |
| During the next few. days, spokesmen for the NRC and Pennsylvania’s Bureau of Radiological Health insisted that the radi­ation in Alice Etter’s body had no connec­tion to the accident at Three Mile Island. The scanning machine, they said, makes a distinction between forms of radiation. It showed that Alice Etters—and the eight other people—had a kind of radiation that usually comes from well water when the wells are located near uranium deposits. (There is a great deal of uranium in north­east Pennsylvania. |
32 |
| During the next few. days, spokesmen for the NRC and Pennsylvania’s Bureau of Radiological Health insisted that the radi­ation in Alice Etter’s body had no connec­tion to the accident at Three Mile Island. The scanning machine, they said, makes a distinction between forms of radiation. It showed that Alice Etters—and the eight other people—had a kind of radiation that usually comes from well water when the wells are located near uranium deposits. (There is a great deal of uranium in north­east Pennsylvania. |
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| When Dr. Gotchy called Mrs. Etters he told her there would be an article about his findings in the next day’s Harrisburg Patriot. There was one—a front page piece which said that the NRC hadn’t found any high readings of radiation among the peo­ple who had been scanned. When Alice Etters’ daughter read the article she got furious. She phoned the Patriot and said. ‘There are high readings. My mother and my aunt have them.” The next day a re­porter interviewed Alice Etters. His story was published in one colu |
32 |
| When Dr. Gotchy called Mrs. Etters he told her there would be an article about his findings in the next day’s Harrisburg Patriot. There was one—a front page piece which said that the NRC hadn’t found any high readings of radiation among the peo­ple who had been scanned. When Alice Etters’ daughter read the article she got furious. She phoned the Patriot and said. ‘There are high readings. My mother and my aunt have them.” The next day a re­porter interviewed Alice Etters. His story was published in one colu |
32 |
| Nevertheless, the text told a fragmentary version of Alice Etters’ tale. The next Sun­day night, when the antinuclear pediatri­cian, Dr. Helen Caldicott, gave a well- attended speech at the Harrisburg Area Community College, Alice Etters was in the audience. She told her story again. The following day she and a government official were interviewed on TV. News of her plight spread quickly. And, in the atmosphere of distrust for all official explanations that |
32 |
| Nevertheless, the text told a fragmentary version of Alice Etters’ tale. The next Sun­day night, when the antinuclear pediatri­cian, Dr. Helen Caldicott, gave a well- attended speech at the Harrisburg Area Community College, Alice Etters was in the audience. She told her story again. The following day she and a government official were interviewed on TV. News of her plight spread quickly. And, in the atmosphere of distrust for all official explanations that |
32 |
| has pervaded this area since March 28, thousands of people believed that her problems were caused by the nuclear power plant at Three Mile Island, not by the water in her well or the fieldstones in her house. |
32 |
| has pervaded this area since March 28, thousands of people believed that her problems were caused by the nuclear power plant at Three Mile Island, not by the water in her well or the fieldstones in her house. |
32 |
| Alice Etters’ story alarmed many of the people who hadn’t originally gone for a body scan. So, when she and the eight others were rescanned—and pronounced normal—scores of area residents asked if they could be tested. Met Ed, which had to pay for the process, refused their requests. Its spokesmen said that the utility wasn’t responsible for the type of radiation de­tected in Mrs. Etters. Met Ed refused to shoulder the cost of more medical exam­inations. |
32 |
| Alice Etters’ story alarmed many of the people who hadn’t originally gone for a body scan. So, when she and the eight others were rescanned—and pronounced normal—scores of area residents asked if they could be tested. Met Ed, which had to pay for the process, refused their requests. Its spokesmen said that the utility wasn’t responsible for the type of radiation de­tected in Mrs. Etters. Met Ed refused to shoulder the cost of more medical exam­inations. |
32 |
| At home, Alice Etters tried to remain calm. But she has lost her appetite and has |
32 |
| At home, Alice Etters tried to remain calm. But she has lost her appetite and has |
32 |
| “In those days I was afraid we'd be invaded by a foreign country. It never occurred to me that here we would be invaded by Americans. ” |
32 |
| “In those days I was afraid we'd be invaded by a foreign country. It never occurred to me that here we would be invaded by Americans. ” |
32 |
| trouble sleeping. She rarely goes outside— and certainly doesn't want to plant a gar­den, as she has most years. She doesn’t like to go to downtown Middletown either, for she worries that people will criticize her for being a fear-monger or a publicity seeker. |
32 |
| trouble sleeping. She rarely goes outside— and certainly doesn't want to plant a gar­den, as she has most years. She doesn’t like to go to downtown Middletown either, for she worries that people will criticize her for being a fear-monger or a publicity seeker. |
32 |
| She has begun to get telephone calls from other people who have experienced disturbing physical symptoms since the ac­cident. It seems that dozens of men and women in her immediate neighborhood— Red Hill—have throat trouble or nausea. Mrs. Etters has received phone calls from most of the other people with high radia­tion readings, too. Several of them have children—a 1-year-old, a 2-year-old, an 8-year-old—who had to be sedated before they were scanned. They don't want to reveal their names, for fear that w |
32 |
| She has begun to get telephone calls from other people who have experienced disturbing physical symptoms since the ac­cident. It seems that dozens of men and women in her immediate neighborhood— Red Hill—have throat trouble or nausea. Mrs. Etters has received phone calls from most of the other people with high radia­tion readings, too. Several of them have children—a 1-year-old, a 2-year-old, an 8-year-old—who had to be sedated before they were scanned. They don't want to reveal their names, for fear that w |
32 |
| worried. They still don’t know what the information means. , |
32 |
| worried. They still don’t know what the information means. , |
32 |
| Everyone who has called has remarked on the same strange thing—a funny taste in their mouths. They’d detected it after the accident. It makes them walk around —as Mrs. Etters told me one day—“as if we’d just eaten persimmons.” |
32 |
| Everyone who has called has remarked on the same strange thing—a funny taste in their mouths. They’d detected it after the accident. It makes them walk around —as Mrs. Etters told me one day—“as if we’d just eaten persimmons.” |
32 |
| One night, Mrs. Etters’ granddaughter dreamed that she and her 10-year-old cousin were sitting on top of one of the towers at Three Mile Island. The boy was holding a balloon—suddenly, it carried him into outer space. The little girl reached out to rescue him, but she couldn’t reach him. She woke up crying. A few days later, Alice Etters’ daughter decided to move away from Middletown forever. |
32 |
| One night, Mrs. Etters’ granddaughter dreamed that she and her 10-year-old cousin were sitting on top of one of the towers at Three Mile Island. The boy was holding a balloon—suddenly, it carried him into outer space. The little girl reached out to rescue him, but she couldn’t reach him. She woke up crying. A few days later, Alice Etters’ daughter decided to move away from Middletown forever. |
32 |
| Alice and Harvey Etters think they’ll move, too, when Harvey retires this July. |
32 |
| Alice and Harvey Etters think they’ll move, too, when Harvey retires this July. |
32 |
| It won’t be easy. The Etters family has lived in the area for about 300 years— indeed, the town of Etters is named for one of Harvey’s ancestors. All of Harvey Etters’ relatives still live within eight miles of his stone house on the Susquehanna. |
32 |
| It won’t be easy. The Etters family has lived in the area for about 300 years— indeed, the town of Etters is named for one of Harvey’s ancestors. All of Harvey Etters’ relatives still live within eight miles of his stone house on the Susquehanna. |
32 |
| Besides, Harvey says, “Who, at 60, can go out a buy a new home, especially if the one he’s leaving is worth $50,000 or $60,000?" |
32 |
| Besides, Harvey says, “Who, at 60, can go out a buy a new home, especially if the one he’s leaving is worth $50,000 or $60,000?" |
32 |
| “Still,” Alice answers, a little chidingly, “we care more about our health and peace of mind than about the almighty dollar.” |
32 |
| “Still,” Alice answers, a little chidingly, “we care more about our health and peace of mind than about the almighty dollar.” |
32 |
| A Protest Movement is Born |
32 |
| A Protest Movement is Born |
32 |
| For years, the Harrisburg area has been considered one of the most reflexively patriotic regions in America. Most likely, that was the main reason the government chose it as the locale for the trial in 1972 of Philip Berrigan, Elizabeth McAlister, |
32 |
| For years, the Harrisburg area has been considered one of the most reflexively patriotic regions in America. Most likely, that was the main reason the government chose it as the locale for the trial in 1972 of Philip Berrigan, Elizabeth McAlister, |
32 |
| and five others who allegedly conspired to kidnap Henry Kissinger. The Justice Department attorneys apparently assumed that the.jurors would accept their word without examining the very thin evidence they had to buttress their case. As a matter of fact, the jurors voted ten to two for acquittal. But, when I interviewed seven of them six months after the verdict, it was apparent that many of their neighbors regarded their opinions as a form of heresy. In those days, at the height of the antiwar movement, wor |
32 |
| and five others who allegedly conspired to kidnap Henry Kissinger. The Justice Department attorneys apparently assumed that the.jurors would accept their word without examining the very thin evidence they had to buttress their case. As a matter of fact, the jurors voted ten to two for acquittal. But, when I interviewed seven of them six months after the verdict, it was apparent that many of their neighbors regarded their opinions as a form of heresy. In those days, at the height of the antiwar movement, wor |
32 |
| Nevertheless, as the jurors made clear in our interviews, when people here believe that the government they’ve trusted has betrayed them, many feel especially hurt and angry. It’s a kind of rage you rarely see in a more jaundiced place like Manhattan —a rage that is the flip side of faith. |
32 |
| Nevertheless, as the jurors made clear in our interviews, when people here believe that the government they’ve trusted has betrayed them, many feel especially hurt and angry. It’s a kind of rage you rarely see in a more jaundiced place like Manhattan —a rage that is the flip side of faith. |
32 |
| But discontent with the government and the utilities is spreading. In Newberry Township, across the river from Middle­town, it caused Bruce Smith—a Republi­can town supervisor who supported Barry Goldwater in 1964 and admired Spiro Agnew—to give an impassioned anti­nuclear speech at a rally that was orga­nized by Three Mile Island Alert—a speech, by the way, that Smith felt con­strained to begin with the disclaimer, “I am not a protestor by nature.” During the last few years, Smith’s wife Pat, who trains te |
32 |
| But discontent with the government and the utilities is spreading. In Newberry Township, across the river from Middle­town, it caused Bruce Smith—a Republi­can town supervisor who supported Barry Goldwater in 1964 and admired Spiro Agnew—to give an impassioned anti­nuclear speech at a rally that was orga­nized by Three Mile Island Alert—a speech, by the way, that Smith felt con­strained to begin with the disclaimer, “I am not a protestor by nature.” During the last few years, Smith’s wife Pat, who trains te |
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| The same sort of commitment has con­sumed Mickey Minnich, 40, who chairs those meetings. Minnich, the football coach at Steelton High, is a hero here: This year his team was number one in the entire football-mad state of Pennsylvania. |
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| The same sort of commitment has con­sumed Mickey Minnich, 40, who chairs those meetings. Minnich, the football coach at Steelton High, is a hero here: This year his team was number one in the entire football-mad state of Pennsylvania. |
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| You can sense the compassion and the low-key magnetism that makes him an effective coach when you sit in his small office at Steelton High, listening to him phone a college coach, an old friend, to |
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| You can sense the compassion and the low-key magnetism that makes him an effective coach when you sit in his small office at Steelton High, listening to him phone a college coach, an old friend, to |
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| Figure |
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| Sept. 30 & Oct. 1 |
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| Sept. 30 & Oct. 1 |
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| Sept. 30 & Oct. 1 |
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| Fathead Newman |
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| Fathead Newman |
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| The |
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| The |
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| Kingston |
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| Kingston |
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| Sept. 28, 29 |
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| Sept. 28, 29 |
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| Sonny, King, Dave Friesen John Stowell, Don Mumford |
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| Sonny, King, Dave Friesen John Stowell, Don Mumford |
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| Oct. 6 & 7 Richie Cole w/Alto Madness |
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| Oct. 6 & 7 Richie Cole w/Alto Madness |
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| Oct. 12 & 13 Anthony Braxton |
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| Oct. 12 & 13 Anthony Braxton |
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| Oct. 19 & 20 Rich Halley & Freebop |
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| Oct. 19 & 20 Rich Halley & Freebop |
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| Nov 2 & 3 |
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| Nov 2 & 3 |
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| Ted Curson & Co. |
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| Ted Curson & Co. |
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| 224-2115 |
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| 224-2115 |
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| 2021 S.W. Morrison |
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| 2021 S.W. Morrison |
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| Figure |
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| Created & Directed by Luna Pettebone |
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| Created & Directed by Luna Pettebone |
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| Created & Directed by Luna Pettebone |
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| Music by Teddy Deane Written by Mead Hunter |
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| Music by Teddy Deane Written by Mead Hunter |
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| fl SPACCOUS, ROCKOUS OPCRA |
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| fl SPACCOUS, ROCKOUS OPCRA |
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| CPSWK CRIDRNI |
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| CPSWK CRIDRNI |
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| €ARTH PR€MI€R€ OCTOBCR 12 |
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| €ARTH PR€MI€R€ OCTOBCR 12 |
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| STOREFRONT ACTORS THEATRE RESERVATIONS 248-0199 |
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| STOREFRONT ACTORS THEATRE RESERVATIONS 248-0199 |
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| Club Long Goodbye goes after hours Oct. 12 — Music by Freestyle courtesy of Storefront Theatre |
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| Club Long Goodbye goes after hours Oct. 12 — Music by Freestyle courtesy of Storefront Theatre |
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| October - Every Monday Open Mike Every Thursday Poetry 3 |
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| October - Every Monday Open Mike Every Thursday Poetry 3 |
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| A night of rare & obscure instruments 4 Fact Ditch 5&6 Dr. Twelve 7 Live KBOO Benefit 6 Bands |
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| A night of rare & obscure instruments 4 Fact Ditch 5&6 Dr. Twelve 7 Live KBOO Benefit 6 Bands |
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| 10 |
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| 10 |
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| Lew Jones—Danse Macbre The Harper Band 14 |
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| Lew Jones—Danse Macbre The Harper Band 14 |
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| New Wave 17 |
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| New Wave 17 |
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| Melt Down w/John Ward 19&20 Dr. Twelve 21 |
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| Melt Down w/John Ward 19&20 Dr. Twelve 21 |
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| New Wve 24 |
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| New Wve 24 |
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| Swing Shift—Jazz 26 |
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| Swing Shift—Jazz 26 |
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| Malchicks—Punk Rock 27 |
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| Malchicks—Punk Rock 27 |
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| Playpen w/Wallpaper 28 New Wave—Punk 31 |
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| Playpen w/Wallpaper 28 New Wave—Punk 31 |
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| Halloween Special w/Costume Party |
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| Halloween Special w/Costume Party |
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| LONG GOODBYE 300 N.W. lOth 228-1008 |
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| LONG GOODBYE 300 N.W. lOth 228-1008 |
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| discuss football scholarships. He speaks nearly an hour trying to figure out which schools in Texas, Arizona, and Utah are suitable for players on his team. You can see those qualities as he chats with a girl who ran away from home last month, keeping the entire conversation light as he weaves a fresh thread of connection be­tween her and the school by promising to buy her a Coke on her birthday next month; or as he keeps order among the kids who are hurrying to lunch by gently ordering a boy who’s been sho |
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| discuss football scholarships. He speaks nearly an hour trying to figure out which schools in Texas, Arizona, and Utah are suitable for players on his team. You can see those qualities as he chats with a girl who ran away from home last month, keeping the entire conversation light as he weaves a fresh thread of connection be­tween her and the school by promising to buy her a Coke on her birthday next month; or as he keeps order among the kids who are hurrying to lunch by gently ordering a boy who’s been sho |
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| There is a throb of passion in his voice as he insists that Med Ed must take re­sponsibility for its mistakes—and when he goes on to argue that the decay of the idea of responsibility is destroying the fabric of American life. As a teacher, he doesn’t like-the example the utility is set­ting for his students. For, in high school, he always tells kids that they are account­able for heeding rules—that they can’t blame their home life for tardiness or for bad grades or for the fights that occur in the corridor |
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| There is a throb of passion in his voice as he insists that Med Ed must take re­sponsibility for its mistakes—and when he goes on to argue that the decay of the idea of responsibility is destroying the fabric of American life. As a teacher, he doesn’t like-the example the utility is set­ting for his students. For, in high school, he always tells kids that they are account­able for heeding rules—that they can’t blame their home life for tardiness or for bad grades or for the fights that occur in the corridor |
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| Sometimes, his restraint vanishes com­pletely, and his raw anger begins to flare. At a Public Utilities Commission hearing in early May, he stood up and insisted that Met Ed’s attempt to pass the cost of the accident at Three Mile Island along to the consumer was “like the Germans asking survivors of the holocaust to pay for a rest home for SS officers.” He sometimes says now that he—who never understood politi­cal activists—would feel like staging a |
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| Sometimes, his restraint vanishes com­pletely, and his raw anger begins to flare. At a Public Utilities Commission hearing in early May, he stood up and insisted that Met Ed’s attempt to pass the cost of the accident at Three Mile Island along to the consumer was “like the Germans asking survivors of the holocaust to pay for a rest home for SS officers.” He sometimes says now that he—who never understood politi­cal activists—would feel like staging a |
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| guerrilla raid if Reactor Number One is reopened. “Maybe people around here are just too polite,” he reflects. “Maybe that’s why they put those reactors here in the first place.” |
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| guerrilla raid if Reactor Number One is reopened. “Maybe people around here are just too polite,” he reflects. “Maybe that’s why they put those reactors here in the first place.” |
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| Minnich, like the rest of the area’s new activists, has been pretty much ignored by the national antinuclear movement. Even though a contingent of people from the region led the march at the May 6 Wash­ington demonstration and there was a brief appearance by a pregnant woman from Middletown, those almost seemed like token gestures. The kinds of wrenching experiences that Julie Reigle and the Hursts describe, the medical traumas that obsess Dr. Leaser and Dr. Barnowski, the anger that consumes Mickey Minnich |
33 |
| Minnich, like the rest of the area’s new activists, has been pretty much ignored by the national antinuclear movement. Even though a contingent of people from the region led the march at the May 6 Wash­ington demonstration and there was a brief appearance by a pregnant woman from Middletown, those almost seemed like token gestures. The kinds of wrenching experiences that Julie Reigle and the Hursts describe, the medical traumas that obsess Dr. Leaser and Dr. Barnowski, the anger that consumes Mickey Minnich |
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| were all obscured by the avalanche of rhetoric and scientific information deliv­ered by the superstars of the antinuclear movement. |
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| were all obscured by the avalanche of rhetoric and scientific information deliv­ered by the superstars of the antinuclear movement. |
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| But the startling fact is that about 3,000 people from the Harrisburg region were at the rally. (Often to their own astonishment: “I never thought that the day would come when I’d have to do something like this to protect my home,” said one elderly woman from Middletown. No one mentioned their increasingly militant, broad-based battle against Met Ed, or their petition drive— which has now garnered about 6,000 sig­natures—insisting that both Unit One and Unit Two remain shut down. During the civil rights mov |
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| But the startling fact is that about 3,000 people from the Harrisburg region were at the rally. (Often to their own astonishment: “I never thought that the day would come when I’d have to do something like this to protect my home,” said one elderly woman from Middletown. No one mentioned their increasingly militant, broad-based battle against Met Ed, or their petition drive— which has now garnered about 6,000 sig­natures—insisting that both Unit One and Unit Two remain shut down. During the civil rights mov |
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| America's villages to find their equivalents. Now, in Goldsboro, Etters, and Middle­town, such people exist in abundance. In­deed, they are a base for a movement which, in time, could change the entire area’s political life. It’s ironic that they’re almost as invisible to the progressives who organized the Washington rally as they are to the power companies. |
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| America's villages to find their equivalents. Now, in Goldsboro, Etters, and Middle­town, such people exist in abundance. In­deed, they are a base for a movement which, in time, could change the entire area’s political life. It’s ironic that they’re almost as invisible to the progressives who organized the Washington rally as they are to the power companies. |
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| These days, Minnich is trying to form alliances with energy activists—and to channel his anger into a concentrated attempt to learn as much as he can about nuclear energy. He’s filled a ledger book with the names of organizations and indi­viduals he has read about in books or in the newspapers—lobbying organizations, agencies that furnish scientific informa­ |
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| These days, Minnich is trying to form alliances with energy activists—and to channel his anger into a concentrated attempt to learn as much as he can about nuclear energy. He’s filled a ledger book with the names of organizations and indi­viduals he has read about in books or in the newspapers—lobbying organizations, agencies that furnish scientific informa­ |
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| tion, Nader-inspired groups that can pro­vide information about how to fight the utilities. When he has a spare moment he’ll telephone one of them with a request for advice, or for someone to speak at the Newberry forums, or simply for a brain­storming session. One of those conversa­tions, with a consumer activist from Phila­delphia, resulted in a plan to form a state­wide coalition against the power companies at a meeting that will take place at Penn State this month. |
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| tion, Nader-inspired groups that can pro­vide information about how to fight the utilities. When he has a spare moment he’ll telephone one of them with a request for advice, or for someone to speak at the Newberry forums, or simply for a brain­storming session. One of those conversa­tions, with a consumer activist from Phila­delphia, resulted in a plan to form a state­wide coalition against the power companies at a meeting that will take place at Penn State this month. |
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| Minnich is also involved with the local antinuclear group called Three Mile Island Alert. He respects its members’ scientific intelligence, and the fact that they prophe­sied— and fought—the disaster that jeopardized his life. But he feels uncom­fortable with the freewheeling, somewhat anarchistic, ’60s-flavored style that char­acterizes the group. He believes in leader­ |
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| Minnich is also involved with the local antinuclear group called Three Mile Island Alert. He respects its members’ scientific intelligence, and the fact that they prophe­sied— and fought—the disaster that jeopardized his life. But he feels uncom­fortable with the freewheeling, somewhat anarchistic, ’60s-flavored style that char­acterizes the group. He believes in leader­ |
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| ship, in organization, in defining goals and priorities. “Maybe that’s because of my background,” he says. “Those are quali­ties a football coach needs. Maybe they limit me sometimes. But 1’11 tell you one thing. If I stay in this fight, I want to win.” |
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| ship, in organization, in defining goals and priorities. “Maybe that’s because of my background,” he says. “Those are quali­ties a football coach needs. Maybe they limit me sometimes. But 1’11 tell you one thing. If I stay in this fight, I want to win.” |
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| One evening I was buying a newspaper at Reeser’s Grocery Store in Goldsboro. Across the river, beyond the marina where summer people keep their boats, the cool­ing towers seemed immense. |
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| One evening I was buying a newspaper at Reeser’s Grocery Store in Goldsboro. Across the river, beyond the marina where summer people keep their boats, the cool­ing towers seemed immense. |
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| Maybe that’s why Whitey Reeser, 57, and his daughter Paula Watters, 29, have always felt somewhat uneasy about the plant. In any case, since it was built, Whitey—who works a day shift at the Mechanicsburg naval depot teaching people how to work fork lifts—has be­come fascinated with alternative forms of energy. He’s leery of the complexities in­volved in solar energy because he feels that the utility companies and the government will control that system, too. Instead, he thinks that people can get all the p |
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| Maybe that’s why Whitey Reeser, 57, and his daughter Paula Watters, 29, have always felt somewhat uneasy about the plant. In any case, since it was built, Whitey—who works a day shift at the Mechanicsburg naval depot teaching people how to work fork lifts—has be­come fascinated with alternative forms of energy. He’s leery of the complexities in­volved in solar energy because he feels that the utility companies and the government will control that system, too. Instead, he thinks that people can get all the p |
33 |
| On the walls of his store, there are dozens of newspaper articles and adver­tisements about windmills. He loves to show them to his customers. He is, 1 real­ized, a throwback to the kind of backyard inventor who flourished in the 19th cen­tury, then virtually vanished in the past few decades as government, the military, and big business have subsidized, central­ized, and defined the terms of science. |
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| On the walls of his store, there are dozens of newspaper articles and adver­tisements about windmills. He loves to show them to his customers. He is, 1 real­ized, a throwback to the kind of backyard inventor who flourished in the 19th cen­tury, then virtually vanished in the past few decades as government, the military, and big business have subsidized, central­ized, and defined the terms of science. |
33 |
| That evening in the store, his daughter Paula was talking about the air-raid drills that took place in almost every American school in the 1950s. She recalled the stark fear she used to feel every time she had to hide under her desk. Then she made a remark that seemed to distill much of the fear, the hurt, and the anger that the acci­dent at Three Mile Island has created here. |
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| That evening in the store, his daughter Paula was talking about the air-raid drills that took place in almost every American school in the 1950s. She recalled the stark fear she used to feel every time she had to hide under her desk. Then she made a remark that seemed to distill much of the fear, the hurt, and the anger that the acci­dent at Three Mile Island has created here. |
33 |
| “In those days,” she said, “I was afraid we’d be invaded by a foreign country. It never occurred to me that here, in Golds­boro, we would be invaded by Americans.” |
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| “In those days,” she said, “I was afraid we’d be invaded by a foreign country. It never occurred to me that here, in Golds­boro, we would be invaded by Americans.” |
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| Reprinted by permission of Village Voice and Paul Cowan © News Group Publica­tions. Inc.. 1979. |
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| Reprinted by permission of Village Voice and Paul Cowan © News Group Publica­tions. Inc.. 1979. |
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| Continental Breakfast starting Nov. 1st. |
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| Continental Breakfast starting Nov. 1st. |
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| MELISA'S KITCHEN |
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| MELISA'S KITCHEN |
33 |
| 239-4121 |
33 |
| 239-4121 |
33 |
| 3553 S.E. HAWTHORNE |
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| 3553 S.E. HAWTHORNE |
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| Unique International Gourmet Cooking |
33 |
| Unique International Gourmet Cooking |
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| Savory Nigerian Style Smoked Chicken and BBQ Ribs |
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| Savory Nigerian Style Smoked Chicken and BBQ Ribs |
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| Home Baked Breads and Pastries |
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| Home Baked Breads and Pastries |
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| Authentic Nigerian delights — Suya, Chinchin, Akara and more. |
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| Authentic Nigerian delights — Suya, Chinchin, Akara and more. |
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| Mon.-Sat. 9-5 |
33 |
| Mon.-Sat. 9-5 |
33 |
| Let us cater your next dinner or party. |
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| Let us cater your next dinner or party. |
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| All our foods are made with the finest natural ingreclients. |
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| All our foods are made with the finest natural ingreclients. |
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| Figure |
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| Paul Anderson’s |
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| Paul Anderson’s |
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| Paul Anderson’s |
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| Figure |
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| 248-1199 529 S.W. THIRD |
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| 248-1199 529 S.W. THIRD |
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| IMPERIAL CHINESE CUISINE |
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| IMPERIAL CHINESE CUISINE |
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| I.HIMHIAI. 4 IIIVLM 4IISIVI |
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| I.HIMHIAI. 4 IIIVLM 4IISIVI |
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| MM |
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| MM |
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| Lunch 11:30- 5:00 |
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| Lunch 11:30- 5:00 |
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| Dinner 5:00-10:00 |
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| Dinner 5:00-10:00 |
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| 5:00-11:00 |
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| 5:00-11:00 |
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| Cocktails |
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| Cocktails |
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| M-F |
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| M-F |
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| M-T F-S |
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| M-T F-S |
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| Figure |
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| 227-6956 2601 N.W VAUGHN |
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| 227-6956 2601 N.W VAUGHN |
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| 227-6956 2601 N.W VAUGHN |
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| Open every evening |
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| Open every evening |
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| Sun-Thurs Fri-Sat |
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| Sun-Thurs Fri-Sat |
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| 5:00-10:00 5:00- 1:00 |
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| 5:00-10:00 5:00- 1:00 |
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| Naked and alone on his bed, in the heat of the late afternoon sun, Jim Goodwin is fantasizing. As he conjures up the shapes of private delight, his hand embraces his iron-hard whoozitz. Well into the act of self-love, his hips rise and fall. He pulls his legs to his chest, stretching his thighs, pulling tight the line of soft flesh from anus to scrotum. |
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| Naked and alone on his bed, in the heat of the late afternoon sun, Jim Goodwin is fantasizing. As he conjures up the shapes of private delight, his hand embraces his iron-hard whoozitz. Well into the act of self-love, his hips rise and fall. He pulls his legs to his chest, stretching his thighs, pulling tight the line of soft flesh from anus to scrotum. |
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| Jim pretends he is with two women he has known and loved. Blonde­haired Sue appears first in his mind’s eye. |
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| Jim pretends he is with two women he has known and loved. Blonde­haired Sue appears first in his mind’s eye. |
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| She stands facing him, a few feet from the bed. The nipples of her bra- less breasts are outlined against the thin material of her T-shirt. Without a word, she takes off her Levi’s and then her shirt. Her breasts are high, tight and full, with dark, fat nipples, almost purple in the afternoon light. It is not the sun alone which illuminates her body and her face. There is desire and need brightening her flesh, hardening her nippies. Desire for him. |
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| She stands facing him, a few feet from the bed. The nipples of her bra- less breasts are outlined against the thin material of her T-shirt. Without a word, she takes off her Levi’s and then her shirt. Her breasts are high, tight and full, with dark, fat nipples, almost purple in the afternoon light. It is not the sun alone which illuminates her body and her face. There is desire and need brightening her flesh, hardening her nippies. Desire for him. |
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| Sue’s hands move slowly down the sides of her ribs and hips; rest for a moment on either side of her darling rounded tummy. Her hands grasp the waistband of her bikini underpants. She pulls them down slowly, staring fixedly at his eyes. She is tan, and white where her string bikini has hid­den from public view all that he now sees. Her soft straw-colored hair is moist with desire, and when she moves into his embrace, she moans, of course. |
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| Sue’s hands move slowly down the sides of her ribs and hips; rest for a moment on either side of her darling rounded tummy. Her hands grasp the waistband of her bikini underpants. She pulls them down slowly, staring fixedly at his eyes. She is tan, and white where her string bikini has hid­den from public view all that he now sees. Her soft straw-colored hair is moist with desire, and when she moves into his embrace, she moans, of course. |
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| Suddenly the other woman, black­haired Carol, has entered the room. At first she is angry. Her eyes flash bright blue. She also does not speak. In his fantasies, women speak only in lusty pleas and pleasured ecstasy. |
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| Suddenly the other woman, black­haired Carol, has entered the room. At first she is angry. Her eyes flash bright blue. She also does not speak. In his fantasies, women speak only in lusty pleas and pleasured ecstasy. |
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| Carol smiles. She is no longer angry. She moves toward the bed. Her wide skirt of many warm colors rises as she leaps high onto the bed. The skirt with Carol in it comes down over his head, enveloping Jim in a tent of fire and flesh. |
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| Carol smiles. She is no longer angry. She moves toward the bed. Her wide skirt of many warm colors rises as she leaps high onto the bed. The skirt with Carol in it comes down over his head, enveloping Jim in a tent of fire and flesh. |
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| Jim watches her thighs come down on either side of his face. The small hairs on her legs glow red in the fil­tered light of the skirt. All smooth and golden, she moves her legs still further apart. The dark curls at the apex of the tent open. |
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| Jim watches her thighs come down on either side of his face. The small hairs on her legs glow red in the fil­tered light of the skirt. All smooth and golden, she moves her legs still further apart. The dark curls at the apex of the tent open. |
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| He stares up in wonder. And now suddenly, as her legs spread still fur­ther, he does not see. Only smells and feels, tastes and hears. |
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| He stares up in wonder. And now suddenly, as her legs spread still fur­ther, he does not see. Only smells and feels, tastes and hears. |
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| Somewhere far away, two women are laughing softly. Soon they are both touching him and each other every­where. They tease him. They yield suddenly, rolling on their backs, side by side. He is forced to make the deli­cious impossible choice of who shall be first to know his love staff. He is the center of all action. |
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| Somewhere far away, two women are laughing softly. Soon they are both touching him and each other every­where. They tease him. They yield suddenly, rolling on their backs, side by side. He is forced to make the deli­cious impossible choice of who shall be first to know his love staff. He is the center of all action. |
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| Jim chooses one, then the other. They wait, each in turn, and while waiting, kiss each other and him, sucking, rubbing and moaning. The entire room is bathed in the odor of love. All three begin the swift slide into |
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| Jim chooses one, then the other. They wait, each in turn, and while waiting, kiss each other and him, sucking, rubbing and moaning. The entire room is bathed in the odor of love. All three begin the swift slide into |
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| orgasm. Their voices sing such a glori­ous song! |
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| orgasm. Their voices sing such a glori­ous song! |
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| In his room alone, Jim Goodwin is ejaculating. Great gobs of pearlescent cum are wetting his chin, neck and chest. He moans and finishes. Alone with only a helping hand. |
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| In his room alone, Jim Goodwin is ejaculating. Great gobs of pearlescent cum are wetting his chin, neck and chest. He moans and finishes. Alone with only a helping hand. |
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| Immediately afterwards, Jim feels silly. He rises, showers, dresses. But the fantasy doesn’t leave him. It waits at the edge of his mind, the corner of his vision, a wonderful and disturbing thing that teases him all day at work. |
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| Immediately afterwards, Jim feels silly. He rises, showers, dresses. But the fantasy doesn’t leave him. It waits at the edge of his mind, the corner of his vision, a wonderful and disturbing thing that teases him all day at work. |
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| He has had this particular fantasy many times before. It is his favorite. But this week he can’t seem to keep it from entering unbidden in the midst of meeting with inferiors and supe­riors. At such times his pronger gets hard and pushes against his thigh and pant leg, clearly visible to anyone. He is afraid that he will be asked to get something or to rise to make a presen­tation. But his fear is silenced by his pride. It is such a nice big hardon. |
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| He has had this particular fantasy many times before. It is his favorite. But this week he can’t seem to keep it from entering unbidden in the midst of meeting with inferiors and supe­riors. At such times his pronger gets hard and pushes against his thigh and pant leg, clearly visible to anyone. He is afraid that he will be asked to get something or to rise to make a presen­tation. But his fear is silenced by his pride. It is such a nice big hardon. |
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| Jim Goodwin cannot let the fantasy |
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| Jim Goodwin cannot let the fantasy |
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| go. Or perhaps the fantasy can’t let Jim Goodwin go. He begins to talk about it. |
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| go. Or perhaps the fantasy can’t let Jim Goodwin go. He begins to talk about it. |
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| One day he tells Sue, “I have this friend, Carol.... She says she wants to swing with us.” (He is lying. He has never spoken with Carol about swinging.) |
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| One day he tells Sue, “I have this friend, Carol.... She says she wants to swing with us.” (He is lying. He has never spoken with Carol about swinging.) |
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| “Us?” Sue asks. |
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| “Us?” Sue asks. |
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| “Yes. You know Carol. She said she was interested in you; and I’ve been both of your lovers, so I thought may­be for my birthday...” Jim rushes on. |
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| “Yes. You know Carol. She said she was interested in you; and I’ve been both of your lovers, so I thought may­be for my birthday...” Jim rushes on. |
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| “Are you serious?” asks Sue. |
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| “Are you serious?” asks Sue. |
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| “Sure.” |
35 |
| “Sure.” |
35 |
| Sue does not say another word. |
35 |
| Sue does not say another word. |
35 |
| But for a week, at every chance, Jim pushes for a threesome with Sue. |
35 |
| But for a week, at every chance, Jim pushes for a threesome with Sue. |
35 |
| Jim sees Carol one afternoon and tells her, “Sue wants to make it with you and me.” (Another lie.) |
35 |
| Jim sees Carol one afternoon and tells her, “Sue wants to make it with you and me.” (Another lie.) |
35 |
| Carol says nothing. |
35 |
| Carol says nothing. |
35 |
| “My birthday is soon,” Jim adds hopefully. |
35 |
| “My birthday is soon,” Jim adds hopefully. |
35 |
| Carol is silent. |
35 |
| Carol is silent. |
35 |
| One day, while making love, just as Carol is about to come, Jim pulls back. “Will you?” he asks, demands. |
35 |
| One day, while making love, just as Carol is about to come, Jim pulls back. “Will you?” he asks, demands. |
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| Carol, who at that moment would agree to anything, says okay. He pushes gently into Carol's honeypuss and grinds softly against her love pearl. Her eyes stare unseeing. “Ohhh yessss,” she says. |
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| Carol, who at that moment would agree to anything, says okay. He pushes gently into Carol's honeypuss and grinds softly against her love pearl. Her eyes stare unseeing. “Ohhh yessss,” she says. |
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| Sue, blonde Sue, agrees finally, for his birthday and his silence. “I’ve never been with a woman,” she tells him. "" - |
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| Sue, blonde Sue, agrees finally, for his birthday and his silence. “I’ve never been with a woman,” she tells him. "" - |
35 |
| Jim Goodwin is very pleased with himself. His rock-hard whoozitz is a constant bystander as his birthday nears. |
35 |
| Jim Goodwin is very pleased with himself. His rock-hard whoozitz is a constant bystander as his birthday nears. |
35 |
| On the day before the night of his birthday party, Jim goes kind of crazy. He buys two bottles of French cham­pagne. He actually cleans his apart­ment, washing all the dishes, the stove top and the toilet. He makes his water bed with clean sheets. He gets smaller bulbs for his lamps. He buys an ounce of Hawaiian snob dope (two hundred smackers an ounce). He scores a gram of coke (another two hundred). He bakes a chocolate cake. He lines up all the right records. Then he goes to a twenty-dollar barber and re |
35 |
| On the day before the night of his birthday party, Jim goes kind of crazy. He buys two bottles of French cham­pagne. He actually cleans his apart­ment, washing all the dishes, the stove top and the toilet. He makes his water bed with clean sheets. He gets smaller bulbs for his lamps. He buys an ounce of Hawaiian snob dope (two hundred smackers an ounce). He scores a gram of coke (another two hundred). He bakes a chocolate cake. He lines up all the right records. Then he goes to a twenty-dollar barber and re |
35 |
| Sue shows up first. Jim kisses her, but she doesn’t respond, seems cold. She keeps asking him the time. They smoke dope, but the tension does not leave. They don’t say a word. Finally, Jim points out that Carol will arrive soon. He manages a pained, hurt look. In some sympathy, Sue kisses him. It is, after all, his birthday. He is 30 and all this might be fun. |
35 |
| Sue shows up first. Jim kisses her, but she doesn’t respond, seems cold. She keeps asking him the time. They smoke dope, but the tension does not leave. They don’t say a word. Finally, Jim points out that Carol will arrive soon. He manages a pained, hurt look. In some sympathy, Sue kisses him. It is, after all, his birthday. He is 30 and all this might be fun. |
35 |
| Carol shows up in a rush of color. She knows Sue slightly. Awkwardly, Jim introduces them. They are shak­ing hands, for God’s sake. Immedi­ately he starts rolling joints. |
35 |
| Carol shows up in a rush of color. She knows Sue slightly. Awkwardly, Jim introduces them. They are shak­ing hands, for God’s sake. Immedi­ately he starts rolling joints. |
35 |
| Carol asks Sue what she does. Sue is a programmer. Carol is a landscape architect. Jim, with a Ph.D. in English lit., is big in ad sales. But he is work­ing on a novel, of course. |
35 |
| Carol asks Sue what she does. Sue is a programmer. Carol is a landscape architect. Jim, with a Ph.D. in English lit., is big in ad sales. But he is work­ing on a novel, of course. |
35 |
| In silence, they smoke dope and snort coke. Toot, toot. Jim Goodwin |
35 |
| In silence, they smoke dope and snort coke. Toot, toot. Jim Goodwin |
35 |
| reaches over and kisses Sue, then Carol. They smile at him. |
35 |
| reaches over and kisses Sue, then Carol. They smile at him. |
35 |
| “Have you ever been with a man and a woman?” Sue asks Carol. |
35 |
| “Have you ever been with a man and a woman?” Sue asks Carol. |
35 |
| “No. The closest I evbr got was reading Attatchements. And that was two men and they were Siamese twins.” |
35 |
| “No. The closest I evbr got was reading Attatchements. And that was two men and they were Siamese twins.” |
35 |
| “Hey, let’s play strip poker!” says Jim, pulling off his Qiana shirt. |
35 |
| “Hey, let’s play strip poker!” says Jim, pulling off his Qiana shirt. |
35 |
| “Isn’t Attatchements a fine con­ceit?” says Sue to Carol, ignoring Jim’s suggestion. |
35 |
| “Isn’t Attatchements a fine con­ceit?” says Sue to Carol, ignoring Jim’s suggestion. |
35 |
| “Right,” says Carol. “Somehow she uses the Siamese twins and the lonely woman to constantly emphasize both the subtle and obvious diversity and complexity of the human situation.” |
35 |
| “Right,” says Carol. “Somehow she uses the Siamese twins and the lonely woman to constantly emphasize both the subtle and obvious diversity and complexity of the human situation.” |
35 |
| “Sure,” says Sue, “but not of the human condition as the dilemma of people who are alone. It’s the relation­al aspect, the interaction of people, that she really exposes.” |
35 |
| “Sure,” says Sue, “but not of the human condition as the dilemma of people who are alone. It’s the relation­al aspect, the interaction of people, that she really exposes.” |
35 |
| “Or maybe Carol could just undress Sue or something?” says Jim. |
35 |
| “Or maybe Carol could just undress Sue or something?” says Jim. |
35 |
| “And you know,” adds Carol, Attatchements constantly affirms the positive aspect of the human need for those very self-same difficult relation­ships. And not just physical needs; spiritual and psychological as well. Intellectual, too.” |
35 |
| “And you know,” adds Carol, Attatchements constantly affirms the positive aspect of the human need for those very self-same difficult relation­ships. And not just physical needs; spiritual and psychological as well. Intellectual, too.” |
35 |
| “It’s a more hopeful book than Mr. Goodbar, though,” suggests Sue. |
35 |
| “It’s a more hopeful book than Mr. Goodbar, though,” suggests Sue. |
35 |
| “Isn’t that a horrible story? And, of course, it’s pretty much true.” |
35 |
| “Isn’t that a horrible story? And, of course, it’s pretty much true.” |
35 |
| “Hey, what about a shower?” asks the anxious Jim. |
35 |
| “Hey, what about a shower?” asks the anxious Jim. |
35 |
| But Sue doesn’t seem interested. Carol doesn’t seem interested, either. Jim thinks: “Attatchements, Goodbar, shit.” |
35 |
| But Sue doesn’t seem interested. Carol doesn’t seem interested, either. Jim thinks: “Attatchements, Goodbar, shit.” |
35 |
| “You know,” says Sue, “it’s as if Goodbar was a cry against the idea that relationships can exist on only one plane. There has got to be personal as well as intellectual empathy.” |
35 |
| “You know,” says Sue, “it’s as if Goodbar was a cry against the idea that relationships can exist on only one plane. There has got to be personal as well as intellectual empathy.” |
35 |
| Sue’s hand touches Carol’s and stays for a moment. Carol seems to see Sue as if for the first time. They smile. |
35 |
| Sue’s hand touches Carol’s and stays for a moment. Carol seems to see Sue as if for the first time. They smile. |
35 |
| “Maybe,” says Carol, “it’s not pos­sible for some people to see that at all. Maybe there only can be the empathy you’re talking about when people have enough in common.” |
35 |
| “Maybe,” says Carol, “it’s not pos­sible for some people to see that at all. Maybe there only can be the empathy you’re talking about when people have enough in common.” |
35 |
| “Like the same cultural experi­ence?” asks Sue. “Like black people or something?” |
35 |
| “Like the same cultural experi­ence?” asks Sue. “Like black people or something?” |
35 |
| “Or women,” says Carol. |
35 |
| “Or women,” says Carol. |
35 |
| “Yes, or women,” says Sue. |
35 |
| “Yes, or women,” says Sue. |
35 |
| “Did you read The Women’s Room?” Carol asks as Jim reaches across Sue to kiss Carol. |
35 |
| “Did you read The Women’s Room?” Carol asks as Jim reaches across Sue to kiss Carol. |
35 |
| “Show me your nipples!” pleads Jim to either or both women. |
35 |
| “Show me your nipples!” pleads Jim to either or both women. |
35 |
| “I read it,” says Sue, ignoring Jim’s weight and suggestion. “But I thought it wasn’t all that well written.” |
35 |
| “I read it,” says Sue, ignoring Jim’s weight and suggestion. “But I thought it wasn’t all that well written.” |
35 |
| “It’s hard to maintain a good style when you have so much to get out, I guess,” Carol admits. |
35 |
| “It’s hard to maintain a good style when you have so much to get out, I guess,” Carol admits. |
35 |
| “Oh, please let’s take a shower,” begs Jim again. |
35 |
| “Oh, please let’s take a shower,” begs Jim again. |
35 |
| The women look at him at last and remember their commitment. |
35 |
| The women look at him at last and remember their commitment. |
35 |
| “Okay,” says Sue. |
35 |
| “Okay,” says Sue. |
35 |
| “Why not,” adds Carol. |
35 |
| “Why not,” adds Carol. |
35 |
| “Oh boy!” thinks Jim. |
35 |
| “Oh boy!” thinks Jim. |
35 |
| Shiny and naked in the shower, they |
35 |
| Shiny and naked in the shower, they |
35 |
| soap each other. Jim spins from one to the other like a dog trying to choose between liver and kidney. Nervous novice that he is, he drops the soap. As he bends over to pick it up, Sue does the obvious. Jim jumps forward and slams his head on the tiles. Off balance, he grabs at Sue’s arm. There is soap in his eyes. He misses Sue and grabs Carol’s breast by mistake. Too hard! |
35 |
| soap each other. Jim spins from one to the other like a dog trying to choose between liver and kidney. Nervous novice that he is, he drops the soap. As he bends over to pick it up, Sue does the obvious. Jim jumps forward and slams his head on the tiles. Off balance, he grabs at Sue’s arm. There is soap in his eyes. He misses Sue and grabs Carol’s breast by mistake. Too hard! |
35 |
| Carol jumps back against Sue, who, to steady herself, hugs Carol as blind Jim sits down hard. Looking up. as his eyes clear. Jim sees Carol and Sue em­brace and then kiss. The water has a new sparkle. |
35 |
| Carol jumps back against Sue, who, to steady herself, hugs Carol as blind Jim sits down hard. Looking up. as his eyes clear. Jim sees Carol and Sue em­brace and then kiss. The water has a new sparkle. |
35 |
| Carol and Sue move with gentleness in the spray. As they kiss, their breasts fit together. Jim stands and puts his arms around them both. And kisses first one, then the other on ears, necks and nipples. And they return his kisses. |
35 |
| Carol and Sue move with gentleness in the spray. As they kiss, their breasts fit together. Jim stands and puts his arms around them both. And kisses first one, then the other on ears, necks and nipples. And they return his kisses. |
35 |
| They stand swaying in a warm, wet tangle now, laughing and touching each other freely as the water falls pounding on their heads, backs and breasts. |
35 |
| They stand swaying in a warm, wet tangle now, laughing and touching each other freely as the water falls pounding on their heads, backs and breasts. |
35 |
| Jim dries Sue. Sue dries Carol. Carol dries Jim. “It’s gonna happen,” thinks Jim. “It’s gonna work.” |
35 |
| Jim dries Sue. Sue dries Carol. Carol dries Jim. “It’s gonna happen,” thinks Jim. “It’s gonna work.” |
35 |
| Once dry, they fall onto the water­bed, which rises like a sea around them. As Sue and Carol kiss, Jim drops to the golden fur of Sue’s sweet­ening honey pouch. Sue’s head falls away to rest on the hollow of Carol’s shoulder and neck. |
35 |
| Once dry, they fall onto the water­bed, which rises like a sea around them. As Sue and Carol kiss, Jim drops to the golden fur of Sue’s sweet­ening honey pouch. Sue’s head falls away to rest on the hollow of Carol’s shoulder and neck. |
35 |
| Jim is very busy, hard at work, lap­ping like a kitten drinking milk from a pretty pink bowl. Sue opens her arms to Carol, who moves her thigh over Sue’s waist and hips. |
35 |
| Jim is very busy, hard at work, lap­ping like a kitten drinking milk from a pretty pink bowl. Sue opens her arms to Carol, who moves her thigh over Sue’s waist and hips. |
35 |
| But soon Carol’s leg is shoving against Jim’s ribs somehow, and this hurts. Suddenly he slides up Sue and, with a rush, enters her pink and golden bowl. |
35 |
| But soon Carol’s leg is shoving against Jim’s ribs somehow, and this hurts. Suddenly he slides up Sue and, with a rush, enters her pink and golden bowl. |
35 |
| As Carol kisses Sue’s nipples, Sue cries out in pleasure. She returns Carol’s kisses. Jim notices that the women are whispering together. They can hear, but he can’t. This bothers him. He rams deep into Sue’s slippery sanctuary. Sue, who is a small woman, writhes and moans deeply. |
35 |
| As Carol kisses Sue’s nipples, Sue cries out in pleasure. She returns Carol’s kisses. Jim notices that the women are whispering together. They can hear, but he can’t. This bothers him. He rams deep into Sue’s slippery sanctuary. Sue, who is a small woman, writhes and moans deeply. |
35 |
| This is it! Jim’s dream come true! Enchantment without end, he thinks. Yet even as he feels the fullness of his joy, there are stirrings of doubt. Carol and Sue keep moving their hands in fine and complex patterns over each other’s bodies and faces. They don’t seem all that concerned with exploring him. |
35 |
| This is it! Jim’s dream come true! Enchantment without end, he thinks. Yet even as he feels the fullness of his joy, there are stirrings of doubt. Carol and Sue keep moving their hands in fine and complex patterns over each other’s bodies and faces. They don’t seem all that concerned with exploring him. |
35 |
| He is angry somehow at the way things are going. They seem so close, and yet he isn’t really with them, sharing their whispered secrets. |
35 |
| He is angry somehow at the way things are going. They seem so close, and yet he isn’t really with them, sharing their whispered secrets. |
35 |
| Not that it isn’t the way he pictured it. It’s perfect. The three of them, his whoozitz. Yet there are some things about it that he didn’t expect. Hard and horny, he pulls out of Sue to try another position. |
35 |
| Not that it isn’t the way he pictured it. It’s perfect. The three of them, his whoozitz. Yet there are some things about it that he didn’t expect. Hard and horny, he pulls out of Sue to try another position. |
35 |
| Now Carol and Sue face each other. They smile and kiss softly over and over again. Their thighs intertwine |
35 |
| Now Carol and Sue face each other. They smile and kiss softly over and over again. Their thighs intertwine |
35 |
| and rub softly at each other’s center. Carol’s back is to Jim. He moves his hands to her ass, spreading the mus­cled globes apart. He slides his hand down along the rich fullness and deep cleft between. |
35 |
| and rub softly at each other’s center. Carol’s back is to Jim. He moves his hands to her ass, spreading the mus­cled globes apart. He slides his hand down along the rich fullness and deep cleft between. |
35 |
| One finger touches quickly at the tightness behind Carol’s honeywell. There are short sharp hairs around the spot. As his hand moves on, the hairs grow softer, longer, damper. He uses his fingers to spread her. He flips his hips forward. His dhongh slides into the deep, softly clinging well. |
35 |
| One finger touches quickly at the tightness behind Carol’s honeywell. There are short sharp hairs around the spot. As his hand moves on, the hairs grow softer, longer, damper. He uses his fingers to spread her. He flips his hips forward. His dhongh slides into the deep, softly clinging well. |
35 |
| His senses are singing. But the music of his love is jarred by still more discord. The rhythm of his flesh is not in agreement with the beat of the two women. To establish control. Jim reaches around both women, hugging them tight to him. But he is not strong enough. He attempts to force his power upon them with a finger at Sue's rear. But Carol’s hand is already softly there, and soon they seem not even to notice him. He becomes vio­lent. smashing hard, shoving cruelly, deeply with hands, whoozitz, what­ev |
35 |
| His senses are singing. But the music of his love is jarred by still more discord. The rhythm of his flesh is not in agreement with the beat of the two women. To establish control. Jim reaches around both women, hugging them tight to him. But he is not strong enough. He attempts to force his power upon them with a finger at Sue's rear. But Carol’s hand is already softly there, and soon they seem not even to notice him. He becomes vio­lent. smashing hard, shoving cruelly, deeply with hands, whoozitz, what­ev |
35 |
| But now Carol and Sue talk only to each other. They urge each other on without him. |
35 |
| But now Carol and Sue talk only to each other. They urge each other on without him. |
35 |
| “You can do it,” Carol says. |
35 |
| “You can do it,” Carol says. |
35 |
| “Yes,” says Sue, “oh, I do want to! Oh yesss!! Right there. Yes, hun uhhh...” |
35 |
| “Yes,” says Sue, “oh, I do want to! Oh yesss!! Right there. Yes, hun uhhh...” |
35 |
| Jim’s concentration founders. He wants them to pleasure each other. But not without his control, and cer­tainly not this much. He feels lonely and scared. And then Carol has turned slightly, and he falls away from her. He shoves forward again, re­enters her, but the sense of power is gone. There is no way for him to reach her depths or feel what he felt in his dream. |
35 |
| Jim’s concentration founders. He wants them to pleasure each other. But not without his control, and cer­tainly not this much. He feels lonely and scared. And then Carol has turned slightly, and he falls away from her. He shoves forward again, re­enters her, but the sense of power is gone. There is no way for him to reach her depths or feel what he felt in his dream. |
35 |
| He recognizes the sounds of their rising pleasure. He is still in contact with Carol, but as they twist and roar in ecstatic bliss, he feels like a hin­drance. Like a cracker crumb in the sheets or a book or pencil left forgotten amongst the covers in a moment of sudden passion. A small nuisance, little more. |
35 |
| He recognizes the sounds of their rising pleasure. He is still in contact with Carol, but as they twist and roar in ecstatic bliss, he feels like a hin­drance. Like a cracker crumb in the sheets or a book or pencil left forgotten amongst the covers in a moment of sudden passion. A small nuisance, little more. |
35 |
| They roll away from him. He does not follow. They are giggling, laugh­ing, damn near singing, and all of it without him. |
35 |
| They roll away from him. He does not follow. They are giggling, laugh­ing, damn near singing, and all of it without him. |
35 |
| I.egs and lips, ass and tits flash in the lamp light; just as he has dreamed it for so long. But it is not for him. It is for them. |
35 |
| I.egs and lips, ass and tits flash in the lamp light; just as he has dreamed it for so long. But it is not for him. It is for them. |
35 |
| Jim Goodwin lies now on his back beside the two women on the king-size waterbed. He holds his throbbing hard-on, jerking fast and slow. |
35 |
| Jim Goodwin lies now on his back beside the two women on the king-size waterbed. He holds his throbbing hard-on, jerking fast and slow. |
35 |
| He is thinking of Farrah. She stands facing him. The nipples of her braless breasts are limned against the thin material of her T-shirt. Her hands move slowly down the side of ribs and hips. Her hands grasp the waistband of her.... |
35 |
| He is thinking of Farrah. She stands facing him. The nipples of her braless breasts are limned against the thin material of her T-shirt. Her hands move slowly down the side of ribs and hips. Her hands grasp the waistband of her.... |
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| Div |
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| Figure |
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| Figure |
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| Figure |
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| Figure |
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| Figure |
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| by Enrico Martignoni |
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| by Enrico Martignoni |
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| In a very engaging way ‘The Tree of Wooden Clogs’ talks about human be­ings. It is set in Northern Italy at the turn of the century; this alone is not the only indication of the subject of the film. With the skill of a Dutch painter and a Russian novelist and the experienced documentarian that he is, Ermanno Olmi succeeds in composing a work which is without equal in the contemporary cinema. One can refer to other recent films but this would be misleading if not meaningless. The viewing of the film provides |
36 |
| In a very engaging way ‘The Tree of Wooden Clogs’ talks about human be­ings. It is set in Northern Italy at the turn of the century; this alone is not the only indication of the subject of the film. With the skill of a Dutch painter and a Russian novelist and the experienced documentarian that he is, Ermanno Olmi succeeds in composing a work which is without equal in the contemporary cinema. One can refer to other recent films but this would be misleading if not meaningless. The viewing of the film provides |
36 |
| Olmi is not a newcomer to the world of film. He has worked as the in-house film-maker for one of Italy’s largest corporations, Edisonvolta, for 7 years. By 1960 he had made over 30 documentaries and has since formed his own production company, ‘La 22 Dicembre’. Lina Wertmuller is one of the people who have made films for this company. |
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| Olmi is not a newcomer to the world of film. He has worked as the in-house film-maker for one of Italy’s largest corporations, Edisonvolta, for 7 years. By 1960 he had made over 30 documentaries and has since formed his own production company, ‘La 22 Dicembre’. Lina Wertmuller is one of the people who have made films for this company. |
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| Olmi’s training with industry has given him a unique vantage point because he has worked closer to the sources of power in modern society than most of his contemporaries. Earlier films of his which have been shown in this country include ‘The Sound of Trumpets’ (Il Posto) and ‘The Fiances’ (I Fidanzati). ‘Time Stood Still’ (Il Tempo si e Fermato), 1959, was his first feature length film. It told the story of two lonely watch­men who passed a winter at a snowed- in dam site, cutoff from the rest of the world |
36 |
| Olmi’s training with industry has given him a unique vantage point because he has worked closer to the sources of power in modern society than most of his contemporaries. Earlier films of his which have been shown in this country include ‘The Sound of Trumpets’ (Il Posto) and ‘The Fiances’ (I Fidanzati). ‘Time Stood Still’ (Il Tempo si e Fermato), 1959, was his first feature length film. It told the story of two lonely watch­men who passed a winter at a snowed- in dam site, cutoff from the rest of the world |
36 |
| The Bergamasco countryside at the turn of the century is seen, in ‘The Tree of Wooden Clogs’, through several peasant families. They work for the same landlord and live together in the same building, constituting an extended family. These peasants are not idealized in any way. They are not romanticized or shown as forces of right triumphing over the forces op­pressing them, as peasants were shown in ‘ 1900’. They are shown to be people out of the great mass of humanity who must work, suffer and play. Unlike |
36 |
| The Bergamasco countryside at the turn of the century is seen, in ‘The Tree of Wooden Clogs’, through several peasant families. They work for the same landlord and live together in the same building, constituting an extended family. These peasants are not idealized in any way. They are not romanticized or shown as forces of right triumphing over the forces op­pressing them, as peasants were shown in ‘ 1900’. They are shown to be people out of the great mass of humanity who must work, suffer and play. Unlike |
36 |
| The film’s strength is not in its nar­rative, in fact it has none in the Hollywood sense of the term. It is un­traditional in that there is no ostensive direction to the film. There is no up­coming revolution, nor anything to make us expectant about the next scene. The film-maker has woven a beautiful tale with the lives of the dif- I |
36 |
| The film’s strength is not in its nar­rative, in fact it has none in the Hollywood sense of the term. It is un­traditional in that there is no ostensive direction to the film. There is no up­coming revolution, nor anything to make us expectant about the next scene. The film-maker has woven a beautiful tale with the lives of the dif- I |
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| I • |
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| I • |
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| E • M • A |
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| E • M • A |
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| Tree of |
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| Tree of |
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| Wooden Clogs |
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| Wooden Clogs |
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| The Coffee-House Philosopher By Guiseppe Gioacchino Belli (Itai 19th century) |
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| The Coffee-House Philosopher By Guiseppe Gioacchino Belli (Itai 19th century) |
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| Human beings in this world are the same as coffee-beans before the espresso machine: first one, and then another, a steady stream, all of them going alike to one sure fate. |
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| Human beings in this world are the same as coffee-beans before the espresso machine: first one, and then another, a steady stream, all of them going alike to one sure fate. |
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| Often they change places, and often the big bean presses against and crushes the little bean, and they all crowd each other at the entrance gate of iron that grinds them down into a powder. |
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| Often they change places, and often the big bean presses against and crushes the little bean, and they all crowd each other at the entrance gate of iron that grinds them down into a powder. |
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| And so in this way men live, soft or hard, mixed together by the hand of God that stirs them round and round and round in circles; |
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| And so in this way men live, soft or hard, mixed together by the hand of God that stirs them round and round and round in circles; |
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| And, gently or roughly, everyone moves, draws breath without ever understanding why and falls down to the bottom through the throat of death. |
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| And, gently or roughly, everyone moves, draws breath without ever understanding why and falls down to the bottom through the throat of death. |
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| trans Harold Norse selected IV J Smith |
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| trans Harold Norse selected IV J Smith |
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| Poems from Italy / Crowell. NY 1974 |
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| Poems from Italy / Crowell. NY 1974 |
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| N |
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| N |
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| ferent families; as they live in their apartments, as they function collec­tively, and in their relationship to the land and the landowner. While there are certain threads which run through the whole film, like the seasons of the year, it is the interrelationships be­tween the various family groups which provides the foundation of the film. |
36 |
| ferent families; as they live in their apartments, as they function collec­tively, and in their relationship to the land and the landowner. While there are certain threads which run through the whole film, like the seasons of the year, it is the interrelationships be­tween the various family groups which provides the foundation of the film. |
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| The film is a series of vignettes which together give one a moving view of the peasants life. The vignettes are unified by the common predicament and dwelling place of the people. At the stables/residence the butchering takes place as well as evening socials and a courtship, these are all parts of the larger ‘family’s’ function. The film begins with the corn harvest and its |
36 |
| The film is a series of vignettes which together give one a moving view of the peasants life. The vignettes are unified by the common predicament and dwelling place of the people. At the stables/residence the butchering takes place as well as evening socials and a courtship, these are all parts of the larger ‘family’s’ function. The film begins with the corn harvest and its |
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| weighing—% of the crop goes to the landlord we are told in a note. Minek, one of the children, goes off to school, an unusual opportunity for a child in his social position. Anselmo, the father of the widow who is trying to support her 6 children by doing laun­dry, makes preparations for his tomato crop in order to be the first to arrive in the market in the spring with tomatoes. We are expertly kept in touch with these currents as the winter passes and spring arrives, courtship becomes marriage, a trip to |
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| weighing—% of the crop goes to the landlord we are told in a note. Minek, one of the children, goes off to school, an unusual opportunity for a child in his social position. Anselmo, the father of the widow who is trying to support her 6 children by doing laun­dry, makes preparations for his tomato crop in order to be the first to arrive in the market in the spring with tomatoes. We are expertly kept in touch with these currents as the winter passes and spring arrives, courtship becomes marriage, a trip to |
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| Structurally the film is both intricate and clear. Through a brilliant develop­ment of character what were discreet strands at the beginning become en­ |
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| Structurally the film is both intricate and clear. Through a brilliant develop­ment of character what were discreet strands at the beginning become en­ |
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| twined like a May-pole. Any notion of the individual becomes subsumed by the notion of the larger extended fami­ly. Olmi’s skill has enabled him to cap­ture both the mood of the people and the land with both camerawork and color. The pace of the film is suited to the pastoral scenes; in contrast to the pace outside the cinema it seems a crawl. Never does this matched pace interfere with the viewers comfort although the Movie House has in­serted an intermission (I would say without sufficient reason). I have |
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| twined like a May-pole. Any notion of the individual becomes subsumed by the notion of the larger extended fami­ly. Olmi’s skill has enabled him to cap­ture both the mood of the people and the land with both camerawork and color. The pace of the film is suited to the pastoral scenes; in contrast to the pace outside the cinema it seems a crawl. Never does this matched pace interfere with the viewers comfort although the Movie House has in­serted an intermission (I would say without sufficient reason). I have |
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| In addition to the pacing of the film, the relatively few close-ups em­phasize the scope of the film. Never are we dealing with one person’s inner conflicts which so often, nowadays, bring 20 foot grimaces onto the screen. Rather we have poeple involved with their environment from which their problems derive. Olmi’s palette is similarly attuned to the countryside. He deals beautifully with the yellowish autumn days, the stark winter land­scapes and an unlifting, colorful spring. |
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| In addition to the pacing of the film, the relatively few close-ups em­phasize the scope of the film. Never are we dealing with one person’s inner conflicts which so often, nowadays, bring 20 foot grimaces onto the screen. Rather we have poeple involved with their environment from which their problems derive. Olmi’s palette is similarly attuned to the countryside. He deals beautifully with the yellowish autumn days, the stark winter land­scapes and an unlifting, colorful spring. |
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| Acting in ‘The Tree of Wooden Clogs’ is superb, even though all of the actors are non-professional, as is Olmi’s custom. By using peasants he achieves an authenticity of feeling which would be difficult for even the best professionals to replicate. It is filmed in beautiful locations which enhance Olmi’s already near perfect color. These two factors are also im­portant in another respect, they helped keep the cost of the film down. Reportedly made for $500,000, it makes most expensive films pale by comparis |
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| Acting in ‘The Tree of Wooden Clogs’ is superb, even though all of the actors are non-professional, as is Olmi’s custom. By using peasants he achieves an authenticity of feeling which would be difficult for even the best professionals to replicate. It is filmed in beautiful locations which enhance Olmi’s already near perfect color. These two factors are also im­portant in another respect, they helped keep the cost of the film down. Reportedly made for $500,000, it makes most expensive films pale by comparis |
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| In an interview in 1964 Olmi talked about posing questions through film. “Solutions,” he said, “cannot be col­lective because they do not affect us if they are not unique, born within each one of us.” There is never even a hint at a ‘solution’ in ‘The Tree of Wooden Clogs’, if anything, we are left with a strong feeling for conditions in the late 19th century. There is an even stronger feeling of how not so far away our lives are from the ones portrayed. Were people able, 80 years ago, to master the reality |
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| In an interview in 1964 Olmi talked about posing questions through film. “Solutions,” he said, “cannot be col­lective because they do not affect us if they are not unique, born within each one of us.” There is never even a hint at a ‘solution’ in ‘The Tree of Wooden Clogs’, if anything, we are left with a strong feeling for conditions in the late 19th century. There is an even stronger feeling of how not so far away our lives are from the ones portrayed. Were people able, 80 years ago, to master the reality |
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| Fortunately Olmi does not let any of the now standard Italian film-political statements enter into his film. He does not need, as Bertolucci and Antonioni do, to pay lip service to the left by touting the ‘line’ or the ‘correct’ inter­pretation of history. What Olmi’s film has shown with great depth of feeling and beauty could never have been communicated if his committment to ‘objectivity’ and his sincerity had been swayed by politics. How we feel about the conditions described is left entirely for us to j |
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| Fortunately Olmi does not let any of the now standard Italian film-political statements enter into his film. He does not need, as Bertolucci and Antonioni do, to pay lip service to the left by touting the ‘line’ or the ‘correct’ inter­pretation of history. What Olmi’s film has shown with great depth of feeling and beauty could never have been communicated if his committment to ‘objectivity’ and his sincerity had been swayed by politics. How we feel about the conditions described is left entirely for us to j |
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| 226 N.W. Davis, Portland^™ 223'4447 |
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| 226 N.W. Davis, Portland^™ 223'4447 |
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| 174 E. Broadway Eugene 3423366 |
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| 174 E. Broadway Eugene 3423366 |
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| Div |
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| Figure |
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| Figure |
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| By Jack Newfield |
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| By Jack Newfield |
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| Float like a butterfly. Sting like a bee. And exit like a hero. |
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| Float like a butterfly. Sting like a bee. And exit like a hero. |
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| Muhammed Ali. after many rehear­sals, is reportedly ready to retire for good. 19 years after winning an Olympic gold medal for America as Cassius Clay. |
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| Muhammed Ali. after many rehear­sals, is reportedly ready to retire for good. 19 years after winning an Olympic gold medal for America as Cassius Clay. |
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| We have burdened Ali with many identities. Symbol of the ’60s. Draft dodger. Muslim evangelist. Most Famous Human on Earth. Exile. People’s champ. Braggart. Huckster. Manchild. Poet. Rebel. Survivor. He can be as funny as Richard Pryor. He can be as eloquent as Jesse Jackson. He is as charismatic as the ayatollah. |
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| We have burdened Ali with many identities. Symbol of the ’60s. Draft dodger. Muslim evangelist. Most Famous Human on Earth. Exile. People’s champ. Braggart. Huckster. Manchild. Poet. Rebel. Survivor. He can be as funny as Richard Pryor. He can be as eloquent as Jesse Jackson. He is as charismatic as the ayatollah. |
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| But basically he is a fighter, the greatest fighter of the age. He danced like Nureyev. He could stick like Manolete. And he could think like Einstein. |
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| But basically he is a fighter, the greatest fighter of the age. He danced like Nureyev. He could stick like Manolete. And he could think like Einstein. |
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| What follows are basically a fan’s notes, a farewell tribute to a public man who gave me pleasure, who gave me memories that are treasured. A man who showed how a life might be lived, and what personal values are important. |
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| What follows are basically a fan’s notes, a farewell tribute to a public man who gave me pleasure, who gave me memories that are treasured. A man who showed how a life might be lived, and what personal values are important. |
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| Twelve years ago this week — on April 28. 1967 — Ali refused to take the “one step forward” at his army induction center in Houston, Texas. At that moment in history, the Viet­nam war was still a popular war. And the Black Muslims to which Ali be­longed were perceived by white Amer­ica as a menacing and alient con­spiracy. That same day, the New York State Athletic Commission withdrew its official recognition of Ali as heavy­weight champion of the planet and suspended his license. Ali was not yet arraigned, |
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| Twelve years ago this week — on April 28. 1967 — Ali refused to take the “one step forward” at his army induction center in Houston, Texas. At that moment in history, the Viet­nam war was still a popular war. And the Black Muslims to which Ali be­longed were perceived by white Amer­ica as a menacing and alient con­spiracy. That same day, the New York State Athletic Commission withdrew its official recognition of Ali as heavy­weight champion of the planet and suspended his license. Ali was not yet arraigned, |
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| For three and a half years he was not allowed to fight. Ali and his lawyers drifted around the country like vagabonds looking for a location that would let him work. Seventy-two cities refused to give him a license. Seattle and Detroit were close to letting him fight, but then the politi­cians and vigilantes held press con­ferences, and the permission evapo­rated. No white politician in the land would go on record to defend Ali’s right to fight. He went broke. And he was robbed of his prime. We will never s |
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| For three and a half years he was not allowed to fight. Ali and his lawyers drifted around the country like vagabonds looking for a location that would let him work. Seventy-two cities refused to give him a license. Seattle and Detroit were close to letting him fight, but then the politi­cians and vigilantes held press con­ferences, and the permission evapo­rated. No white politician in the land would go on record to defend Ali’s right to fight. He went broke. And he was robbed of his prime. We will never s |
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| * * * |
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| * * * |
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| Three memories. |
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| Three memories. |
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| The first time I saw Ali was in March of 1963, at Madison Square Garden. He had already knocked out Archie Moore and was promised a chance at the champ. Sonny Liston, if he could beat Doug Jones that night in the old 50th Street Garden. I had worked at the Garden a few years before and was able to acquire a free ticket to see the 21-year-old kid still named Cassius Clay. |
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| The first time I saw Ali was in March of 1963, at Madison Square Garden. He had already knocked out Archie Moore and was promised a chance at the champ. Sonny Liston, if he could beat Doug Jones that night in the old 50th Street Garden. I had worked at the Garden a few years before and was able to acquire a free ticket to see the 21-year-old kid still named Cassius Clay. |
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| Jones was a solid professional. He had recently knocked out Bob Foster, and the contest with Jones was a hard, close fight. But one could glimpse Ali’s unripe genius that night. He had the fastest hands I ever saw. He seemed to have a built-in radar system that helped him slip punches at the last second. He charmed the crowd with the antic Ali Shuffle. And he could dance all night. He was on his toes all 10 rounds. That night, on display as a Work in Progress, was Ali’s original and distinctive style. |
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| Jones was a solid professional. He had recently knocked out Bob Foster, and the contest with Jones was a hard, close fight. But one could glimpse Ali’s unripe genius that night. He had the fastest hands I ever saw. He seemed to have a built-in radar system that helped him slip punches at the last second. He charmed the crowd with the antic Ali Shuffle. And he could dance all night. He was on his toes all 10 rounds. That night, on display as a Work in Progress, was Ali’s original and distinctive style. |
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| The Ali style of Constant Movement — dancing, sticking the jab, throwing a fast, hurtful combination, dancing |
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| The Ali style of Constant Movement — dancing, sticking the jab, throwing a fast, hurtful combination, dancing |
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| to the left, dancing to the right, sticking, moving — this method would revolutionize boxing the way that Charlie Parker’s bop improvisations changed jazz, or Hemingway’s spare cadences influenced a generation of writers. Watch Sugar Ray Leonard, the fighter of the future, and you will see the echo of Muhammad. |
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| to the left, dancing to the right, sticking, moving — this method would revolutionize boxing the way that Charlie Parker’s bop improvisations changed jazz, or Hemingway’s spare cadences influenced a generation of writers. Watch Sugar Ray Leonard, the fighter of the future, and you will see the echo of Muhammad. |
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| After he won the close decision, in his dressing room, Ali recited his latest poem: “Don't bet on Sonny, and save your money.” A year later, Ali, an 8-to-l underdog, knocked out Sonny Liston. |
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| After he won the close decision, in his dressing room, Ali recited his latest poem: “Don't bet on Sonny, and save your money.” A year later, Ali, an 8-to-l underdog, knocked out Sonny Liston. |
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| In the autumn of 1967, I saw Ali speak at a college in Chicago. A smart-ass questioner asked him: Isn’t it a contradiction for you to partici­pate in a violent sport like boxing but object to the violence in Vietnam? What’s the difference? |
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| In the autumn of 1967, I saw Ali speak at a college in Chicago. A smart-ass questioner asked him: Isn’t it a contradiction for you to partici­pate in a violent sport like boxing but object to the violence in Vietnam? What’s the difference? |
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| Ali’s reply, which seemed spon­taneous to me, was: “Man, there ain’t no referees in Vietnam, that’s the difference.” |
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| Ali’s reply, which seemed spon­taneous to me, was: “Man, there ain’t no referees in Vietnam, that’s the difference.” |
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| In September of 1970, I wrote a Voice piece on Ali. I spent two days with him and was struck by his sense of himself as a historical figure, and by his understanding of how much he is a symbol and vessel of the dreams of blacks all over the world. He had just seen Howard Sackler’s play about Jack Johnson, The Great White Hope, and he kept saying that he would “never go out as a loser” the way Jack Johnson did, the way Joe Louis did, the way Sugar Ray Robinson did. Ali has a powerful sense of racial history |
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| In September of 1970, I wrote a Voice piece on Ali. I spent two days with him and was struck by his sense of himself as a historical figure, and by his understanding of how much he is a symbol and vessel of the dreams of blacks all over the world. He had just seen Howard Sackler’s play about Jack Johnson, The Great White Hope, and he kept saying that he would “never go out as a loser” the way Jack Johnson did, the way Joe Louis did, the way Sugar Ray Robinson did. Ali has a powerful sense of racial history |
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| * * * |
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| * * * |
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| Ali’s secret asset has been his pride, his will to win, and his self-knowledge. God gave him the hand speed and the gift of dancing legs. But time in­evitably eroded Ali’s body: it was diminished during his three and a half years of exile; and then he had to use up everything he held in reserve to win the third epic war with Joe Frazier. But as age deteriorated Ali’s natural gifts, he began to create new ways to win. |
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| Ali’s secret asset has been his pride, his will to win, and his self-knowledge. God gave him the hand speed and the gift of dancing legs. But time in­evitably eroded Ali’s body: it was diminished during his three and a half years of exile; and then he had to use up everything he held in reserve to win the third epic war with Joe Frazier. But as age deteriorated Ali’s natural gifts, he began to create new ways to win. |
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| Ali is like Picasso. He has gone through three or four different periods, adding different philosophies and colors to his palette through the years. He beat Doug Jones with his youth. He beat Cleveland Williams with his punching power. He beat Joe Frazier with his heart. He beat George Foreman with his imagination. He beat Leon Spinks with his memory. |
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| Ali is like Picasso. He has gone through three or four different periods, adding different philosophies and colors to his palette through the years. He beat Doug Jones with his youth. He beat Cleveland Williams with his punching power. He beat Joe Frazier with his heart. He beat George Foreman with his imagination. He beat Leon Spinks with his memory. |
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| But to me, the most impressive quality that Ali has is the way he has survived defeat, handled defeat emo­tionally, and come back from it stronger than ever. |
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| But to me, the most impressive quality that Ali has is the way he has survived defeat, handled defeat emo­tionally, and come back from it stronger than ever. |
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| Losing is the hardest thing of all for an athlete. Losing a fight, which is one-on-one where you can’t blame a teammate, is the most crushing form of defeat to accept and come to terms with. One defeat destroyed George Foreman’s whole career. He believed he was invincible. When he lost for the first time, his self-confidence could not be restored and he disintegrated as a boxer. |
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| Losing is the hardest thing of all for an athlete. Losing a fight, which is one-on-one where you can’t blame a teammate, is the most crushing form of defeat to accept and come to terms with. One defeat destroyed George Foreman’s whole career. He believed he was invincible. When he lost for the first time, his self-confidence could not be restored and he disintegrated as a boxer. |
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| Three fighters over 19 years man­aged to defeat Ali: Ken Norton, Joe Frazier, and Leon Spinks. And Ali beat each of them in return bouts. Ali’s pride was able to recover from defeat, learn from it; he was driven to redeem himself from each loss. Ali |
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| Three fighters over 19 years man­aged to defeat Ali: Ken Norton, Joe Frazier, and Leon Spinks. And Ali beat each of them in return bouts. Ali’s pride was able to recover from defeat, learn from it; he was driven to redeem himself from each loss. Ali |
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| believed in his own myth even more than his fans did. The myth said he was "The Greatest.” |
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| believed in his own myth even more than his fans did. The myth said he was "The Greatest.” |
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| Ali loved fun too much to endure the pain and boring discipline of training. The three times he lost he did not train faithfully. But for each rematch with a conqueror, he punished his body in training. At six in the morning, no one knows whether you have run two miles or six miles. Ali ran the six miles. Out of pride. He went to the woodshed three times and rebuilt his ego. |
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| Ali loved fun too much to endure the pain and boring discipline of training. The three times he lost he did not train faithfully. But for each rematch with a conqueror, he punished his body in training. At six in the morning, no one knows whether you have run two miles or six miles. Ali ran the six miles. Out of pride. He went to the woodshed three times and rebuilt his ego. |
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| In his book. The Greatest, Ali des­cribed his hospitalization after Ken Norton broke his jaw. In the hospital, he received a gloating note that said: “THE BUTTERFLY HAS LOST ITS WINGS, THE BEE HAS LOST ITS STING. You are through, you loud­mouthed braggart. Your mouth has been shut for all times. It’s a great day for America. You are finished.” |
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| In his book. The Greatest, Ali des­cribed his hospitalization after Ken Norton broke his jaw. In the hospital, he received a gloating note that said: “THE BUTTERFLY HAS LOST ITS WINGS, THE BEE HAS LOST ITS STING. You are through, you loud­mouthed braggart. Your mouth has been shut for all times. It’s a great day for America. You are finished.” |
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| Ali wrote: “Later I tape it up on the wall of the gym so that every day I train. I remember the butterfly has got to get back its wings and the bee has to get back its sting. Of all the messages that came into me while I was in Clare­mont Hospital, this is the one I like the best. It’s funny, but those who hate me the most sometimes inspire me the most.” |
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| Ali wrote: “Later I tape it up on the wall of the gym so that every day I train. I remember the butterfly has got to get back its wings and the bee has to get back its sting. Of all the messages that came into me while I was in Clare­mont Hospital, this is the one I like the best. It’s funny, but those who hate me the most sometimes inspire me the most.” |
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| When Ali’s reflexes began to slow, when his magical radar screen broke down, he learned and perfected other skills. Like taking a punch. In 1974. he treated his hands, sore with calcium deposits, and hot wax with cortisone. This added to his punching power, as his legs lost their spring. |
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| When Ali’s reflexes began to slow, when his magical radar screen broke down, he learned and perfected other skills. Like taking a punch. In 1974. he treated his hands, sore with calcium deposits, and hot wax with cortisone. This added to his punching power, as his legs lost their spring. |
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| When he confronted Foremand in Zaire, Ali was the betting underdog. He psyched the unstable Foreman by leading the black. African multitude between rounds in the “Ali! Ali! Bomaye!” chant. He made the crowd his choir. He invented the rope-a-dope strategy in the second round and let Foreman punch himself into panting exhaustion. This tactic was an improvisation of Ali’s and he stuck with it despite handlers’ pleadings that he abandon it. |
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| When he confronted Foremand in Zaire, Ali was the betting underdog. He psyched the unstable Foreman by leading the black. African multitude between rounds in the “Ali! Ali! Bomaye!” chant. He made the crowd his choir. He invented the rope-a-dope strategy in the second round and let Foreman punch himself into panting exhaustion. This tactic was an improvisation of Ali’s and he stuck with it despite handlers’ pleadings that he abandon it. |
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| The Ali who met Spinks last Sep­tember was a chess player. His speed was almost all gone. He was nearly 37 years old. Spinks, at 25, had beaten him seven months earlier. But Ali possessed self-knowledge. He knew his body. He knew exactly how much stamina he had left, how many seconds of each round he could dance, how many punched he had to throw in each round to win. He was a genius­miser with his hoarded energy; he spent just enough to win a round, just enough to deflate Spink's confidence, just enough to |
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| The Ali who met Spinks last Sep­tember was a chess player. His speed was almost all gone. He was nearly 37 years old. Spinks, at 25, had beaten him seven months earlier. But Ali possessed self-knowledge. He knew his body. He knew exactly how much stamina he had left, how many seconds of each round he could dance, how many punched he had to throw in each round to win. He was a genius­miser with his hoarded energy; he spent just enough to win a round, just enough to deflate Spink's confidence, just enough to |
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| When he beat Spinks, Ali won the heavyweight championship of the world for the third time. Nobody in the history of sports had ever accom­plished that. |
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| When he beat Spinks, Ali won the heavyweight championship of the world for the third time. Nobody in the history of sports had ever accom­plished that. |
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| * * * |
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| * * * |
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| Brecht said we should pity the land that needs heroes. But I think heroes are valuable, and necessary. Ali is a saving remnant of heroism. |
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| Brecht said we should pity the land that needs heroes. But I think heroes are valuable, and necessary. Ali is a saving remnant of heroism. |
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| He was the best in the world at what he did. He has class. He has prin­ciples he suffered for. He proved that courage, self-knowledge, and deter­mination can prevail against great odds. He said no to the Vietnam war at a time when wise men from Harvard were bombing women and children. He gave, through his exploits, a feeling of dignity to the dispossessed and the hopeless. |
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| He was the best in the world at what he did. He has class. He has prin­ciples he suffered for. He proved that courage, self-knowledge, and deter­mination can prevail against great odds. He said no to the Vietnam war at a time when wise men from Harvard were bombing women and children. He gave, through his exploits, a feeling of dignity to the dispossessed and the hopeless. |
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| Float like a butterfly. Sting like a bee. And go out a winner. |
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| Float like a butterfly. Sting like a bee. And go out a winner. |
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| Reprinted by permission of Village Voice and Jack Newfield © News Group Publications, Inc., 1979. |
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| Reprinted by permission of Village Voice and Jack Newfield © News Group Publications, Inc., 1979. |
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| ^|estergear (Original Nostalgic Apparel 1950’s 8c prior-also tlje |
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| ^|estergear (Original Nostalgic Apparel 1950’s 8c prior-also tlje |
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| 38 ng • JSell • ®rabe • ^Rentals • (Consignment • |
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| 823 JJ.W. 23rii ^ortlanb, 248-0518 |
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| 823 JJ.W. 23rii ^ortlanb, 248-0518 |
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| Rose Bay School of Midwifery Complete home maternity care 659-8295 |
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| Rose Bay School of Midwifery Complete home maternity care 659-8295 |
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| Meet a triend for breakfast at the |
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| Meet a triend for breakfast at the |
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| Stepping Stone |
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| Stepping Stone |
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| new hours and revised menu starting July 10 |
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| new hours and revised menu starting July 10 |
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| 24th and N.W. Quimby 222-1132 |
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| 24th and N.W. Quimby 222-1132 |
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| Div |
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| Figure |
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| Figure |
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| Baseball Losers’ |
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| Baseball Losers’ |
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| Hall of Fame |
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| Hall of Fame |
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| By Lenny D. |
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| By Lenny D. |
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| There is an old baseball axiom that the team in first place on July 4 will go on to win the pennant. Conse­quently, the press about this time of year is full of blather over the pen­nant chase, or how the umpteenth Reggie-and-Billy feud will affect the Yanks’ chance for another remark­able comeback. |
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| There is an old baseball axiom that the team in first place on July 4 will go on to win the pennant. Conse­quently, the press about this time of year is full of blather over the pen­nant chase, or how the umpteenth Reggie-and-Billy feud will affect the Yanks’ chance for another remark­able comeback. |
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| For variation, they will question whether Dave Kingman’s prodigious home run bat can survive the dog day Chicago afternoons that have fried the brains of many a Cub outfielder. |
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| For variation, they will question whether Dave Kingman’s prodigious home run bat can survive the dog day Chicago afternoons that have fried the brains of many a Cub outfielder. |
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| But there is one race that we forget about each year—a race every bit as agonizing as a Red Sox-Yankee stretch drive. Its heroes are as memorable as Bucky Dent or Bernie Carbo. Yes, it’s the Hall of Fame of Ignominity. |
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| But there is one race that we forget about each year—a race every bit as agonizing as a Red Sox-Yankee stretch drive. Its heroes are as memorable as Bucky Dent or Bernie Carbo. Yes, it’s the Hall of Fame of Ignominity. |
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| What modern-day fan can forget the Amazin’ Mets of Choo Choo Coleman and Marvelous Marv Throneberry, who led the New Yorkers to the lowest won-lost per­centage in decades (.250), or fail to acknowledge the mastery of Joe Gar- giola’s ’52 Pirates, who won but 42 contests and finished HVi games behind their nearest opponent. |
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| What modern-day fan can forget the Amazin’ Mets of Choo Choo Coleman and Marvelous Marv Throneberry, who led the New Yorkers to the lowest won-lost per­centage in decades (.250), or fail to acknowledge the mastery of Joe Gar- giola’s ’52 Pirates, who won but 42 contests and finished HVi games behind their nearest opponent. |
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| This year’s Oakland A’s and Toronto Blue Jays are moving at a |
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| This year’s Oakland A’s and Toronto Blue Jays are moving at a |
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| pace that might just be as notorious as some of yesterday’s stalwarts. Charley Finley’s A’s are staggering at a clip that will leave them shy of 50 victories for the season, a mark most first-year expansion teams are able to achieve. |
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| pace that might just be as notorious as some of yesterday’s stalwarts. Charley Finley’s A’s are staggering at a clip that will leave them shy of 50 victories for the season, a mark most first-year expansion teams are able to achieve. |
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| Oakland’s descent into oblivion from the champagne days of the mid- ’70s can only be rivaled by their namesakes, the Philadelphia A’s, who, after winning 99 games and the pennant in 1914, dropped to a 43-111 mark—the most drastic decline ever experienced by a major-league team. |
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| Oakland’s descent into oblivion from the champagne days of the mid- ’70s can only be rivaled by their namesakes, the Philadelphia A’s, who, after winning 99 games and the pennant in 1914, dropped to a 43-111 mark—the most drastic decline ever experienced by a major-league team. |
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| The ’14 A’s were run by Connie Mack, a crusty, shrewd gentleman who, like Charlie Finley, was un­willing to assent to the salary de­mands of his top players and wound up losing his mainstays to other teams. |
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| The ’14 A’s were run by Connie Mack, a crusty, shrewd gentleman who, like Charlie Finley, was un­willing to assent to the salary de­mands of his top players and wound up losing his mainstays to other teams. |
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| Mack defended the American League Championship with the likes of Weldon Wyckoff, Wickey Mc­Avoy, Squiz Pillon, and Tink Tuner, while utilizing a record 56 players in a vain attempt to field a winning nine. |
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| Mack defended the American League Championship with the likes of Weldon Wyckoff, Wickey Mc­Avoy, Squiz Pillon, and Tink Tuner, while utilizing a record 56 players in a vain attempt to field a winning nine. |
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| The raw rooks, third stringers and recent high school graduates Charlie O has brought together might rival these A’s of yesteryear, who went on from that glorious 1914 season to occupy the American League cellar for seven straight years and 24 times overall before giving Kansas City and Oak­land the unfortunate distinction of hosting this illustrious franchise. |
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| The raw rooks, third stringers and recent high school graduates Charlie O has brought together might rival these A’s of yesteryear, who went on from that glorious 1914 season to occupy the American League cellar for seven straight years and 24 times overall before giving Kansas City and Oak­land the unfortunate distinction of hosting this illustrious franchise. |
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| According to vaudeville legends, our nation’s capital has always been first in war, first in peace and last in the American League. And while the |
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| According to vaudeville legends, our nation’s capital has always been first in war, first in peace and last in the American League. And while the |
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| A’s hold the league record, the Sena­tors’ 14 cellar-dwelling finishes did represent some of the most dubious achievers in baseball history. The 1904 team was easily the worst, com­pleting the campaign with a 38-113 record and a team batting average of .227. Star hurlers Jack Townsend and Beany Jacobson combined for a sterling 10-50 mark. Toronto Blue Jays’ aces Underwood, Jefferson and Lomngello have fireballed their way to a 4-26 record so far this season, within reach of the deadly Senator combo. |
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| A’s hold the league record, the Sena­tors’ 14 cellar-dwelling finishes did represent some of the most dubious achievers in baseball history. The 1904 team was easily the worst, com­pleting the campaign with a 38-113 record and a team batting average of .227. Star hurlers Jack Townsend and Beany Jacobson combined for a sterling 10-50 mark. Toronto Blue Jays’ aces Underwood, Jefferson and Lomngello have fireballed their way to a 4-26 record so far this season, within reach of the deadly Senator combo. |
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| However, no Blue Jay outfielder can match Senator outfielder Frank Huelsman, who set a record still on the books 75 years later when he was traded five times during the 1904 sea­son. He went packing from Chicago to Detroit, back to Chicago and on to St. Louis before being railroaded to Washington. |
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| However, no Blue Jay outfielder can match Senator outfielder Frank Huelsman, who set a record still on the books 75 years later when he was traded five times during the 1904 sea­son. He went packing from Chicago to Detroit, back to Chicago and on to St. Louis before being railroaded to Washington. |
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| As Toronto and Oakland head down the home stretch of baseball ignominity, they will have to fall hard and fast to top the all-time kings of losers, the Cleveland Spiders of 1899, who established the worst won- lost log ever (20-132). They surren­dered more than twice as many runs as they scored (1259-529) and finished an almost unbelievable 84 games |
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| As Toronto and Oakland head down the home stretch of baseball ignominity, they will have to fall hard and fast to top the all-time kings of losers, the Cleveland Spiders of 1899, who established the worst won- lost log ever (20-132). They surren­dered more than twice as many runs as they scored (1259-529) and finished an almost unbelievable 84 games |
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| behind the league’s leading Brooklyn Robins. |
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| behind the league’s leading Brooklyn Robins. |
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| The dispirited Spiders were such an embarrassment to the National League that they weren’t invited back for the 1900 season, even though the humil­iated franchise had been in the league since 1889. |
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| The dispirited Spiders were such an embarrassment to the National League that they weren’t invited back for the 1900 season, even though the humil­iated franchise had been in the league since 1889. |
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| Who knows—if the Toronto and Oakland franchises really work at it, maybe they, too, can join the 1899 Spiders, 1915 A’s, 1904 Senators, 1952 Pirates, and the 1962 Mets in the great losers’ bullpen in the sky. |
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| Who knows—if the Toronto and Oakland franchises really work at it, maybe they, too, can join the 1899 Spiders, 1915 A’s, 1904 Senators, 1952 Pirates, and the 1962 Mets in the great losers’ bullpen in the sky. |
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| Are There Any Free Agent Witch Doctors? |
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| Are There Any Free Agent Witch Doctors? |
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| In Nairobi, Kenya, one team spent $3,000 on witch doctors last year. Sports leaders there have tried to discourage witchcraft as well as the practice of players painting their bodies with pig fat to ward off evil spirits. |
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| In Nairobi, Kenya, one team spent $3,000 on witch doctors last year. Sports leaders there have tried to discourage witchcraft as well as the practice of players painting their bodies with pig fat to ward off evil spirits. |
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| Athletic teams in our country, of course, are much too sophisticated to travel with witch doctors and wear pig fat. Our teams travel with clergy­men and wear medals. |
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| Athletic teams in our country, of course, are much too sophisticated to travel with witch doctors and wear pig fat. Our teams travel with clergy­men and wear medals. |
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| In Africa, when a team loses, they get rid of the witch doctor. Over here when they lose, the clergyman stays and they get rid of the players. I like their way better. |
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| In Africa, when a team loses, they get rid of the witch doctor. Over here when they lose, the clergyman stays and they get rid of the players. I like their way better. |
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| —Jim Boutin |
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| —Jim Boutin |
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| Q’s & A’s |
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| Q’s & A’s |
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| Q. |
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| Q. |
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| A. |
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| A. |
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| Figure |
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| Q. What’s the true story about that guy at Trqjan who sleeps on the job and listens to basketball games? H. Glick, Portland, Ore. |
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| Q. What’s the true story about that guy at Trqjan who sleeps on the job and listens to basketball games? H. Glick, Portland, Ore. |
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| Q. What’s the true story about that guy at Trqjan who sleeps on the job and listens to basketball games? H. Glick, Portland, Ore. |
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| Figure |
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| Is it true that President Nixon once planned to bomb North Viet­nam with diamonds? R. Pryor, L.A., Calif. |
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| Is it true that President Nixon once planned to bomb North Viet­nam with diamonds? R. Pryor, L.A., Calif. |
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| Yes! In an effort to win the hearts and minds of the Vietnamese people, the Committee to Re­elect the President (CREEP) assembled thousands of “Democ­racy Kits” which were to be dropped over North Vietnam. The kits consisted of diamond stick pins and handsome pen and pent sets decorated with the preside! tial seal and the signature of I Nixon. Honest. |
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| Yes! In an effort to win the hearts and minds of the Vietnamese people, the Committee to Re­elect the President (CREEP) assembled thousands of “Democ­racy Kits” which were to be dropped over North Vietnam. The kits consisted of diamond stick pins and handsome pen and pent sets decorated with the preside! tial seal and the signature of I Nixon. Honest. |
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| Q. What is the third planet from the sun? J. Bosley, Portland, Ore. |
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| Q. What is the third planet from the sun? J. Bosley, Portland, Ore. |
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| A. According to Dr. Francis Kirkland of Yale’s famed Academy of Skies and Heavens, the third planet from the sun is Earth, so named because Earthlings are found there. |
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| A. According to Dr. Francis Kirkland of Yale’s famed Academy of Skies and Heavens, the third planet from the sun is Earth, so named because Earthlings are found there. |
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| Q. How many millionaires are in the U.S. Senate? Mrs. Goldschmidt, Portland, Ore. |
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| Q. How many millionaires are in the U.S. Senate? Mrs. Goldschmidt, Portland, Ore. |
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| A. There are 20. Among the richest: John Heinz (R-Pa) the Ketchup man, $40 million; Deconcini (D-Az), land, $10 million; Percy (R-Ill), lots of stuff, $20 million; Kennedy (D-Mass), dad’s death, $5 million; Goldwater (R-Az), bonds, $2 million; John Danforth (R-Mo), Purina dog food, $17 million. John Warner of Virginia is certainly worth millions, but he doesn’t list his wife Elizabeth Taylor as an asset. |
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| A. There are 20. Among the richest: John Heinz (R-Pa) the Ketchup man, $40 million; Deconcini (D-Az), land, $10 million; Percy (R-Ill), lots of stuff, $20 million; Kennedy (D-Mass), dad’s death, $5 million; Goldwater (R-Az), bonds, $2 million; John Danforth (R-Mo), Purina dog food, $17 million. John Warner of Virginia is certainly worth millions, but he doesn’t list his wife Elizabeth Taylor as an asset. |
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| Q. What is the secret gas plan that the oil companies are trying to keep hush, hush? L.S., Portland, Ore. |
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| Q. What is the secret gas plan that the oil companies are trying to keep hush, hush? L.S., Portland, Ore. |
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| A. The document you refer to is an “eyes-only” paper for oil industry executives, entitled “The 60- Minute Plan." It apparently refers to the length of time it will take for the gas crisis to end once prices hit $1.50 per gallon. |
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| A. The document you refer to is an “eyes-only” paper for oil industry executives, entitled “The 60- Minute Plan." It apparently refers to the length of time it will take for the gas crisis to end once prices hit $1.50 per gallon. |
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| Q. Why did John Wayne become a Catholic on his deathbed? D. Berrigan, Romack, Pa. |
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| Q. Why did John Wayne become a Catholic on his deathbed? D. Berrigan, Romack, Pa. |
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| A. Because Baba Ram Dass doesn’t make housecalls. Besides, only Catholics go to heaven. |
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| A. Because Baba Ram Dass doesn’t make housecalls. Besides, only Catholics go to heaven. |
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| Q. How come St. Patrick’s Day is a legal holiday in Boston but not a holiday anywhere else? L.S., |
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| Q. How come St. Patrick’s Day is a legal holiday in Boston but not a holiday anywhere else? L.S., |
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| . Chicago, III. |
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| . Chicago, III. |
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| A. In their never-ending efforts to dodge work, the enterprising Irish discovered that March 17 was also the day that the British troops withdrew from Boston, so in a non-ethnic political move, the politicians declared the day to be celebrated as Evacuation Day. The Irish may be lazy, but they are not entirely shiftless. |
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| A. In their never-ending efforts to dodge work, the enterprising Irish discovered that March 17 was also the day that the British troops withdrew from Boston, so in a non-ethnic political move, the politicians declared the day to be celebrated as Evacuation Day. The Irish may be lazy, but they are not entirely shiftless. |
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| Q. What was that recent quote about Ted Kennedy’s ass? E. V., White Salmon. |
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| Q. What was that recent quote about Ted Kennedy’s ass? E. V., White Salmon. |
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| A. President Carter was quoted as saying that if Ted Kennedy doesn't run for President, “I’ll kiss his ass.” |
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| A. President Carter was quoted as saying that if Ted Kennedy doesn't run for President, “I’ll kiss his ass.” |
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| A. While the full story may never be reported, a source close to the scene quoted the man as saying, “Whatdayamean? There’ll be plenty of accidents, but this game could be the whole season.” |
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| A. While the full story may never be reported, a source close to the scene quoted the man as saying, “Whatdayamean? There’ll be plenty of accidents, but this game could be the whole season.” |
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| Q. Who invented television? Was it RCA or CBS? P. Marshall, Holly­wood, Calif. |
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| Q. Who invented television? Was it RCA or CBS? P. Marshall, Holly­wood, Calif. |
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| X. Neither. To our discovery, the true inventor of TV was Phyllo T. Farnsworth, a high school student from Montana. He killed himself after a lengthy effort to get RCA to pay him royalties. |
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| X. Neither. To our discovery, the true inventor of TV was Phyllo T. Farnsworth, a high school student from Montana. He killed himself after a lengthy effort to get RCA to pay him royalties. |
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| Div |
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| Figure |
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| Want Knuckle Sandwich? |
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| Want Knuckle Sandwich? |
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| No? Well, how about an ad or a subscription to the Clinton St. Quarterly? |
39 |
| No? Well, how about an ad or a subscription to the Clinton St. Quarterly? |
39 |
| DISPLAY ADS |
39 |
| DISPLAY ADS |
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| If you want at least 30,000 eager customers, here’s the deal for you. Honest. |
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| If you want at least 30,000 eager customers, here’s the deal for you. Honest. |
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| To get in on the action, just call David Milholland, 222-6039, or call the Clinton St. Theater at 238-8899 after 7 p.m. |
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| To get in on the action, just call David Milholland, 222-6039, or call the Clinton St. Theater at 238-8899 after 7 p.m. |
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| SUBSCRIPTIONS |
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| SUBSCRIPTIONS |
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| Sure it’s free. But don’t you want a nice clean copy? |
39 |
| Sure it’s free. But don’t you want a nice clean copy? |
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| Only 5 Bucks a Year |
39 |
| Only 5 Bucks a Year |
39 |
| Yes, I want a nice clean copy of the Clinton St. Quarterly. I enclose my check for 5 bucks. |
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| Yes, I want a nice clean copy of the Clinton St. Quarterly. I enclose my check for 5 bucks. |
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| Name_________________________ |
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| CLASSIFIED ADS |
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| CLASSIFIED ADS |
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| Looking for a special friend? Selling a bike? Do you shoe horses? Need your ashes hauled? This is the spot for you. Only 20 cents a word. |
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| Looking for a special friend? Selling a bike? Do you shoe horses? Need your ashes hauled? This is the spot for you. Only 20 cents a word. |
39 |
| All ads cash in advance. Mail copy and money to: The Clinton St. Quarterly, 2522 SE Clinton, Portland, Ore. 97202.' |
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| All ads cash in advance. Mail copy and money to: The Clinton St. Quarterly, 2522 SE Clinton, Portland, Ore. 97202.' |
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| DON’T MISS THE BIG XMAS ISSUE! OUT DEC. 5th |
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| DON’T MISS THE BIG XMAS ISSUE! OUT DEC. 5th |
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| Div |
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| Figure |
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| BULK RATE U.S. POSTAGE PAID PORTLAND, OR. Permit No. 2211 |
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| BULK RATE U.S. POSTAGE PAID PORTLAND, OR. Permit No. 2211 |
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