Empoword

Part Three: Research and Argumentation 239 Chapter Vocabulary Vocabulary Definition argument a rhetorical mode in which different perspectives on a common issue are negotiated. See Aristotelian and Rogerian arguments. Aristotelian argument a mode of argument by which a writer attempts to convince their audience that one perspective is accurate. audience the intended consumers for a piece of rhetoric. Every text has at least one audience; sometimes, that audience is directly addressed, and other times we have to infer. call-to-action a persuasive writer’s directive to their audience; usually located toward the end of a text. Compare with purpose. ethos a rhetorical appeal based on authority, credibility, or expertise. kairos the setting (time and place) or atmosphere in which an argument is actionable or ideal. Consider alongside “occasion.” logical fallacy a line of logical reasoning which follows a pattern of that makes an error in its basic structure. For example, Kanye West is on TV; Animal Planet is on TV. Therefore, Kanye West is on Animal Planet. logos a rhetorical appeal to logical reasoning. multipartial a neologism from ‘impartial,’ refers to occupying and appreciating a variety of perspectives rather than pretending to have no perspective. Rather than unbiased or neutral, multipartial writers are balanced, acknowledging and respecting many different ideas. pathos a rhetorical appeal to emotion. rhetorical appeal a means by which a writer or speaker connects with their audience to achieve their purpose. Most commonly refers to logos , pathos , and ethos . Rogerian argument a mode of argument by which an author seeks compromise by bringing different perspectives on an issue into conversation. Acknowledges that no one perspective is absolutely and exclusively ‘right’; values disagreement in order to make moral, political, and practical decisions. syllogism a line of logical reasoning similar to the transitive property (If a=b and b=c, then a=c). For example, All humans need oxygen; Kanye West is a human. Therefore, Kanye West needs oxygen.