Communication Beginnings: An Introductory Listening and Speaking Text for English Language Learners

This book is dedicated to my parents for teaching me the importance of education and to Emad Albidah for reminding me how joyous learning a new language can be. Thank you also to the Portland State University Library for the PDXOpen publishing grant and to Karen Bjork for assisting with the process so graciously. A thank you also to Dr. Nike Arnold and her graduate Materials Design course for collaborating on this project with me, and most of all a huge thank you to the Intensive English Language Program at PSU for introducing me to hundreds of English language learners from every corner of the globe, many of whom continue to inspire me to this day.