Oregon Advance Times_1968-05-16

Page 6 The Oregon Advance/TIMES May 16, 1968 Marcus M. Garvey Blazed Trails Followed By Negro leaders Today Little League Standings For a child's birthday cake frost the cake to re– semble a clock with the hour hand pointing to his age. by Charlotte Rutherford A manwhom many so-called Negro leaders patterned themselves and their policies after was Marcus Moziah Garvey. in 1916, at the dawn of the Roaring '20s. He had a dream of a black empire governed by black men. He had the ability to attract the masses. 'Ibis was the one major fault his arch-rival W, E, B, Du Bois had. there was no hope for the Africa began to see black black man in racist white Americans as long-Io st America so the salvation laid brothers. Alameda Garvey was J amacian-born. He began bis crusade after the first war for democracy; an era fllled with lynchings and white-initiated race riots. Garvey came to New York Garvey preached the good– ness of black, creating a na– tionalistic movement. He felt TIM ancl BARBARA HUNTER WELCOME YOU TO MARTTl'S GARDENS • SERVING HOT LUNCHES • FRIED CHICKEN OPEN ALL NIGHT FRIDAY AND SAT. BAR-B-Q and BREAKFAST JOIN THE FUN ANO GAMES AT MARTTl'S GARDENS • POOL AND FOOSBALL FRIENDLY PEOPLE AND FINE FOOD TOO! MARTTl'S GARDENS OPEN WEEK DAYS 3626 N. MISSISSIPPI 9 a.m. to 1 a.m. TEL. 284-6148 They're Bigger and Better at the Bun-'n-Burger Delicious Hamburgers 25c Sizzling Fries - Cool Malts 230 North Killingsworth in the hands of the mother– land, Africa. He called for a Black Exodus. He had great appeal to the urban masses, most of whom had just moved from the South. These people had found as much starvation and depriva– tion in the glorious northern ghetto as they had left be– hind in the South. A dream of leaving both North and South behind was very en– couraging to them. Garvey stressed racial pride to the extent that he rejected lighter-skinned black people. He claimed their visible mixed ancestry low– ered their standards among other black men. This was one of the reasons he dis– liked W, E .B. Du Bois so in– tensely. Garvey himself was a short, black man with a gift of gab. Garvey stressed support of black businesses, as later the Muslims would. He called for economic nationalism. 1n the early 1920s, Garvey founded the Universal Negro Improvement As so cia tion (UNIA). In 1921 he declared himself the provincial presi– dent of the Republic of Africa. James Weldon Johnson said Garvey collected more money (an estimated $10 million in one two-year period) "than any other Negro organization had ever dreamed of.'' He organized cooperatives, fac– tories, a commerical steam– ship venture, the Black Star Line, and a private army. His back-to-Africa pro– gram was not as overwhelm– ingly accepted. Although his black steamship line never transported anyone to Africa, his ideas gave his followers a greater sense of worth and HAVING A BIRTHDAY? . ~- I -- CELEBRATE with a visit to GENEVA'S - yooosand coCK'l'AILS 1 At last an elegant cock– tail lounge with a pleasant l atmosphere and good food, }f Open Daily at 11:00 a.m. for LUNQI Geneva's FOOD and DRINKS 'Where Friends Meet' Manager: George Hunter "Let George Do It!" Chef: James Parks 1n 1923 Garvey was tried by the federal government for using the mail to defraud (say– ing he had no land in Africa), and was found guilty. He was sentenced to five years in the Atlanta Penitentiary and in 1927 deported as an alien. He died in London in 1940, a heartbroken and defeated man with a beauti– ful dream. Garvey set the stage for more than one leader or or– ganization. The cry for Black Power began with this man. It rested in limbo for a few decades but was rejuvenated by StokleyCarmichael in 1966. Malcom X was saying the same things Garvey preached, He taught of a black God and the goodness of black. Basi– cally the Muslims do also. Garvey organized one of the few all black organiza– tions ever to exist. SNCC has begun to follow this idea. He called for race pride, unity and economic independ– ence as all contemporary so– called militant leaders are doing. His idea of an Africanism was closely related to that of W. E. B. Du Bois. If he had not alienated himself from both lighter so-called Negores. and those few who had ascer– tained middle class siand– ards (the black lntelligencia) he could have created a unity never before or since seen among black Americans. But instead, he succeeded in di– viding the two. Garvey accepted segrega– tion. He felt things would be better if the black man owned his own property. This trend away from integration is growing daily. Garvey left his signature on many movements, some of which are just now start– ing to grow. 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