plots , a n d cr aft in d u st ire s toth e n e w co m m u nity . At o n e fa c i lit y m e n a n d w o m e n p ro d u ce bla n kets o n h a n d m a d e lo o m s. A ll of ht e w o rkin A cu l h a s a n e w id e olo gic al u n d e rp ni nin g. Bla n kets , fo r e xa m ple, h a ve n a oti n alis t lso g a n s w o ve n intoth ete xt ile co m m e m o ratin gth e b e gin nin g of th e n e w so ci e ty . C o u nte rin su gr e n cy w a r in G u ate m ala h a s ta ke n a p sy ch olo gic a l ut rn . N o w th at th e b o n d b e wt e e n ht e p e o ple a n dth e g u e rr ill a s h a s b e e n sh att e re d b y th e sh o ck at ct ic s of p h a se -o n e co u nte rni su rg e n cy , th e a rm y n o w h o p e s to win th e h e a rt s a n d min d s of t h e In dia n p o p u al tio n withits n e w p h a se -t w o pla n — e co n o mic re d e velo p m e nt a n d p oticli al in d o ct ri n a tio n. T h e b ru at l eff icie n cy of th e a rm y ’ s se a rc h an d -d e st ro y p olic y h a sleft th e Ixi l ci ivlia n p o p ula ito nin a st ate of cultu ral co n uf s i o n a n d cri s i s. P e o ple w h o w e re at o n e mti e sy m p ath etic to re b el ca u se s, n o w bla m e th e g u e rr ill a s fo r th eir suff e rnig, e ve nth o u g h th e y a ck n o wle d g e th at th e a rm y dis h e dit o ut. T h e G u e rr ill a A rm y of th e P o o r (E G P ) did i nfa ct m a ke so m e dis a st ro u s mis ta ke s follo win gth e o ve rt h ro w of S o m o za b y th e S a n din sita s ni 1 97 9. T h e y mis to o k G u ate m ala’s p o we rf ul mili ta ry fo rc e fo r a n a n e mic Nic a ra g u a n N atio n al G u a rd. A cc o rdin gto re fu g e ete st im o n y, t h e re b els m a d e mili ta ry p ro mis e s toth e hig hla n d In dia n s th at co uld n ot b e ke pt . W h e nth e a rm y m o ve d into th e re gio n, th e re b els w e refo rc e d to retr e at a s th e n u m b e r of ci vi lia n d e ath s hit st a g g e ri n g fig u re s, w ith e st im ate s w ell o ve r fif ty th o u sa n d. T h at th e g u e rr ill a s a re gfi htin gfo r so ci al ch a n g e a n dth e selfd ete rmin atio n of t h eir p e o ple d o e sn’t se e mto m e a n m u chtoIxil In dia n s n o w h o pin g ju st t o su rviv e. At le a st n o t fo r th e p re se nt tim e. T h e a rm y is filli n g th e voidit h a s cr e ate d with p ro mis e s of e co n o mic d e velo p m e nt a n d p rote ct io n. T h e y a re fu elin g this “n e w b e g ni nin g ” with a m ajo r ni uf si o n of m o n e y a n dte ch nic al a ssis ta n ceinth e a re a. M a n yin h a bita nts of ht e m o d el vi all g e s fe el co m pla ce nt a b o ut t h eir n e wlif e, e ve n th o u g hth e y n o wfin dth e m selv e s u n d e r th e co m plete co ntr ol of t h e mili ta ry . A co n tr o ell d so ci e ty a n d a fo cre d p a rt icip atio n ni a ci vi lp a rtol/d efe n se p ro g ra m is fo r n o w a m o re a cc e p at ble e xi st e n ce th a n th e alte rn ativ e —liv in g o n th e ru n w tih th e g u e rri lla s. P o p ulatio n co ntr ol is th e ulti m ate e n dto p h a se -t w o co u nte rin su rg e n cy . W elltr ain e d b y U n tie d S at te s a n dIs ra eli p e rs o n n el, th e G u ate m ala n A rm y n o w u n d e rs ta n d s th at it ca n co ntr ol th e p o p ula tio n b y m a nip ulatin gth efo o d su p ply a nd th e la b o r m a rk et. M u ch of th e a rm y ’ s us cc e ss sh o uld be cr e dite dtoIs ra el, th e m ajo r w e a p o n s su p plie r to G u ate m a al . Sin ce ht e mid S e ve ntie s, Is ra el h a s p ro vi d e d th e G u ate m ala n A mr y with a wid e ra n g e of so p his ctiate d mili ta ry h a rd w a re. C e ntr al A m e ri ca R e p o rt (D e ce m b e r 1 4,1 9 8 4 ) d e tails th ety p e o f aid G u ate m ala is cu rr e ntly re ceivin g: allte rr ain A ra va pla n e s, G alil a ss a ult ri fle s, U zi su b m a chin e g u n s, b a zo o ka s, 8 1 m m m o rt a rs , g re n a d e la u n ch e rs , R B Y -M Klig ht ta n ks , D a bie r p atr ol b o ats a n d h u n d re d s of to n s of gli ht a rm s a n d a m m u niti o n. B e yo n dth e a rm s su p ply , th eIs ra e li T a dir a n co m p a n y h a s re p o rt e dlyin st alle d a co m p ute ri ze dte le co m m u nic atio n s sy st e m in G u ate m ala with a m ili at ry ele ct ro nic s a n dtr a n smis si o n sc h o ol. D u ri n g 1 9 8 3 -8 4th e a rm y b e g a n p ro d u ci n g a m m u niti o nin a fa ct o yr o p e ratin ginth e d e p a rt m e nt of Alta V e ra p a z, set up withth e a ssis ta n ce of th e Is ra eli E a gle Mili ta ry G e a r f ir m. D u ri n g th e Rio s M o ntt re gim e, in 1 98 2, Is ra e l a p p a re n lty p ro vi d e dth e G u ate m ala n Arm y with th e m o d els fo r st rate gic h a mlets and ci vi l d efe n se p atr ols . A G u a et m ala n mili ta ry o ff ci ai l w a s q u ote d a s sa yi n g, “M a n y of o u r te ch nicia n s h a ve b e e ntr ain e din Is ra el. T h e k i b b utz a n d m o s h a v m o d els a re ve ry m u ch a p a rt of o u r sp riit. ” W e w alk e d th e to w n a t o u r o w n p a ce with o u r a rm y e sc o rt , C o rp o ral G utie rr e z. T h e re w a slit tle o r n o sh o w of w e a p o n s. T hin g s ch a n g e d w h e n w e re a ch e dth e v i lla g e p e ri m ete r. G u ite rr e z re a ch e dinto h si p o ck et a n d p u ell d o ut a h a n d g re n a d e. T his w a s st a n d a rd p ra ct ic e w h e n I A B L IS T E R IN G A F T E R N O O N S U N K E PT D R O P - i P IN G B E HIN D A H E A V Y W NI D S W E P T F O G. A T T H E 90 00 -F T. A L T IT U D E T H E R E W A S N O C E R T AIN T Y NI T H E E L E M E N T S, A S IF T H E G O D S W E R E W E L C O MIN G U S T O A B L A C K N E S S IN i T H E S O U L O F T HIS C O U N T R Y. Clinto n S t. Q u a rt e rl y 5
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