Arabic and English Sentence Patterns: A Comparative Guide

51 | P a g e TENSe : MODAL FUTURE ASPECT: PERFECT PROGRESSIVE اﻟﺰﻣﻦ : اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع ) اﻟﻤﺮﻓﻮع أو اﻟﻤﻨﺼﻮب( اﻟ ﻨﺎﺣﯿﺔ : اﻟﻤ ﺎﺿﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ 1. S – MOD pre – PRI inf – PRI/PART pst – PART pre – ADV (V pre ind) The student will have been studying for four years when she graduates. (V pre ind) ADV – V pre ind – S – PRI pre – PTL – PTL اﻟﻄّﺎﻟِﺒَﺔُ ﺗَ ﺪْرُسُ أَرْﺑَﻊَ ﺳَﻨَﻮاتٍ ﻋِﻨْﺪَﻣﺎ ﺗَﺘَﺨَﺮﱠ جُ . ﺳَﻮْفَ ﻗَﺪْ ﺗَ ﻜﻮنُ 2. S – MOD pre – NEG – PRI inf – PRI/PART pst – PART pre The student will not have been studying. V pre ind – S – PRI pre – NEG – PTL – PTL اﻟﻄّﺎﻟِﺒَﺔُ ﺗَ ﺪْرُسُ . ﺳَﻮْفَ ﻗَﺪْ ﻻ ﺗَ ﻜﻮنُ 3. MOD pre – S – PRI inf – PRI/PART pst – PART pre Will the student have been studying? V pre ind – S – PRI pre – PTL – PTL – INT اﻟﻄّﺎﻟِﺒَﺔُ ﺗَ ﺪْرُسُ ؟ أَ ﺳَﻮْفَ ﻗَﺪْ ﺗَ ﻜﻮنُ 4. MOD pre + NEG – S – PRI inf – PRI/PART pst – PART pre Won’t the student have been studying? V pre ind – S – PRI pre – NEG – PTL – PTL – INT اﻟﻄّﺎﻟِﺒَﺔُ ﺗَ ﺪْرُسُ ؟ أَﺳَﻮْفَ ﻗَﺪْ ﻻ ﺗَﻜﻮنُ V pre ind – S – PRI pre – NEG – PTL – INT اﻟﻄّﺎﻟِﺒَﺔُ ﺗَ ﺪْرُسُ ؟ أَ ﻗَﺪْ ﻟَﻦْ ﺗَﻜﻮنَ TIMe : FUTURE اﻟ ﺰﻣﻦ : اﻟﻤ ﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ English اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ 15