Advocate_1931-11-07

I ... PAGE FOUR SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 7, 1911 POET ASKS JUSTICE . FO I ALABAM~ BOY st Indian Racial ·u,rityAdvantageous / KEEPING -FIT- A Health Column By DeNorval Unthank, M. D. i;rlpful Qiuta 'Daughters' Honor 'Mammie' Type HUGHES WANTS TO KNOW If IT IS JUSTICE BY CARTER G. WOODSON BY WILLIAM PICKENS ...~,{~ street in New York City not long ago, I enjoyed immensely a speech made from a ladder by a West Indian woman who boasted of having a black face, full lips, flat nose, and blue gums. She made her audience appreciate her highly de· veloped race consciousness and showed how unfortunate certain "Negroes" are in having nothing which they can admire. Speaking a– bout It to "Broadway" Jones, who was standing by, I had to admit that ehe was rlgllt. This attitude of this sensible wo– man can be easily explained. In the West Indies, the "Negroes" have so far outnumbered the whites in the English • speaking ,possessions that race admixture has not ·developed to the extent that it has in our own country. In the Latin area it has worked out just to the contrary, but the race admixture there has tended to break down political and social barriers. The Latins do not want a rce problem, and they get rid of it by amalgamation. West Indians of the distinctly Af· rican type, however, are less inclined to undertake the Impossible in try– ing to change their features with hair straightening and bleaching pro· ceases as do the native Negro vie· tlms of the slave psychology in the United States. The black West In· dian is not ashamed of his color. He Is very much like the African who boasts of being black and comely, black and beautiful, beautilully black. With auch race consciousness, the educated Weat Indian la more of a dynamic force than the educated Ne· gro in the United States; for, as a rule, the educated Negro in our coun– try is worse off than the illiterate Negro who has never attended high– er institutions merely to learn to de– spise his own and to imitate others more thoroughly. Our Illiterate Ne– groes are more useful than those who have been trained to admire the Teu– ton and to long for his presence as the hart pants for the waters of the living stream. SUSCEPTIBILITY TO DISEASE by Nancy Lee By WILLIAM PICKENS for A.N.P. The Daughters of the Confederacy and other southern white women have undertaken to build a monument to erable number of us are more Indian than African, and a still larger uum· ber more Caucasian than African. In some cases, too, we discover among us all but ,perfect types of Orientals resulting from the race admixture undergone by our ancestors and [r()m more recent amalgamation. It must be difficult, then, lo eon· duct a school, to establish a. church or to ,promote a business with p~ople handicapped by all these traits and temperaments. Persons often com– plain that "Negroes" do not get a– long well together. How can they when they have so many differences and divergences of Interests 1 They are not a race. The only thing they have in common Is suffering from oppression, but that has not yet pro– ved to be a force strong enough to drive them together and hold them in line for something constructive. In the case of the West Indian and the African of more racial purity there The matter of racial susceptibil– ity to diseases is an age-old discus– sion. Wherever two races - or more superimpose tlieir habits and cus· toms upon each other, the question arises. The American Indian showed himself to be very susceptible to the diseases that have been brought into this country. This extreme suscepti– bility has had much to do with his gradual destruction. While the Negro is susce,ptible to many of the diseases be has been exposed to, he has had a few diseas– es to hand over in return. Wile desertion seems to be a com a Negro at Harper's Ferry, West Va. mon malady lately especially sine I They have decided upon the sort of the economic depression is sweepin monument which southerners always over the world like a tidal wave. Men decide on when they want to "honor" feel they cannot support themselve the Negro: a monument to a servant, let alone a family, so they walk ou a subordinate, a slave, - :1 faithful and shift tho burden to some one else. human dog. They are not mterested As men do the courting and propos- In monuments to Negro manhodd, Ing and shoulder themselves with courage and self-rescpect. They can wlf~ and family to su,pport and car only show respect for "black mam· for it seems like poor sportmanshi mies", "Uncle Toms", ex-slaves, "good on 'their part to leave their loved one niggers", and in general the type of in the lurch when the burden becomes Negro who has regarded (or rather to heavy. pretended to regard) "white folks" as superior beings. is some hope. When you attend a meeting of so– called Negroes and find it breaking up in an uproar, as I saw a commit– tee recently do, you come away dis– couraged about "our people", but they He has been able, at least, to hold his own. The dreaded hookworm disease that infests the mountain regions of the south; affecting especially the white population, is supposed to have been seen for the first time af· ter the importation of the first slav– es from the African shores. There is an unwritten law that a sea captain wm go down with his ship rather than abandon it to the mercy of the sea. So wouldn't it be a beautiful thing tor men to be chival– rous, unselfish, and loving enough to hold on until they could brest the e– conomic storm. With desire, will, ac· tion, calmness, bravery, and intelli· gence, one can cope with any situa– tion, even the ravenous wolf howling at the door. This silly sentiment and cheap in– sulting manners make the south ri· dlculous. The Daughte;rs of the Con– federacy could more aptly dub them– selves: "The United Daughters of Save Holders". If they assumed their right name, like that, then their "mammy" antics would be In order. At Harper's Ferry they erect a monument to "the faithful" Negro slave who in his dumb ignorance opposed John Brown's efforts to free are not "our people". They are every– body's people. Their disputes often result from the fact that some one who is more white than black, sees The Neg,·o population of these affected areas show very few of the symptoms of the disease. However, many of the authorities have sugges– ted that the Negro may be a carrier of the disease. ----------------1 the slaves and who helped his ensla– the thing altogether from the Cau· casian point of view; another who is more Indian than African cannot ap– preciate the thought of the others; and still another with a Chinese strain answers the call of the blood and shows himself to the contrary es. notwithstanding, The affair ends, Seldom do Negro children have then, in an inter-racial squabble; such severe attacks of scarlet fever. and their foolha1·diness is charged to In the darker skinned Negroes it ls the account of African temperament. often hard for the ,physician to deter- The experiments of two Chicago scientists upon prophylactic vaccine treatment of scarlet fever, have been heralded by the medical world. Scar– let fever and its complications is one of the worst of the childhood diseas· ™~WW BOOK REVIEW mw~w "SHADES AND SHADOWS" Ever since the "Negroes" have mine whether the child has scarlet been in the Western world, there- fever or not. In the lighter skinned fore, this so-called race has been re- children the attacks are more severe, Meador Publishing Company, Boston peatedly attacked by other "races" yet with none of the complications for doing or for not doing what they that are seen in the whites. themelves have done or have failed There is undoubtedly a susceptl· to do. Shortcomings, which are at· bility of the Negro to Tuberclosis. Reviewed for The Advocate by CLIFFORD C. MITCHELL d "N " h However, the educational work done tribute to egroes , ave never When Randolph Edmonds, of Mor· b d . d th tlves in the last twenty-five years has een 1scovere among e na gan College, prefaced this book he Af i F 1 1 0 brought such splendid results that of r ca. or examp e, sexua pr · quoted from Addison, as follows: d it t i 1 di there is some question as to the a· miscuity, an concom an soc a · "By imagination, a man In a dun· hi h ft h d t mount that Is due the enviornment. eases, w c are o en c arge o geon is capable of entertaining him- the account of the American "Ne· self with scenes and landscapes groes" are not found In native Afr!- more beautiful than any that can be ca. These are special contributions u b L found in the whole course of nature." of the whites to "Negroes." Polyga· r an eague Using this philosophy he has writ- my is practiced in Africa in certain ten six short stories, in drama form, places, but Is not general, for only that not only indicates a liberal use the rich and well-to-do can indulge Rehorts Lado of his imagination but will also take in it, and wherever it is practiced y r some imaginative powers to thorough- the wives are decidedly loyal to the ly appreciate his volume. husband. In only two of bis stories, "Hewers These so-called American Negroes f w d" d "E ' L d" i are also censured by the others as The folowing bullentin is released O 00 an veryman s an s vers to fight the abolitionists. In do· ing this, these women go out of their way to publish slanders against John Brown and the super-courageous Ne– groes who helped him. There was Shields Green, a black man from So. Carolina, who joined Brown at Cham• bersburg, Pa., just a few days before the famous "raid" at the Ferry. Next to Br~wn himself, Green was un– doubtedly the greatest hero in the fighting at Harper's Ferry. If the "Daughters of Slave Holders" want to make a lasting impression on all posterity, let them build a monument there: TO SHIELDS GREEN Black Fugitive From South Carolina WHO FREED HIMSELF BY RUNNING AWAY FROM SLAVERY AND THEN DARED TO GIV"E HIS LIFE IN A BRAVE ATTEMPT TO FREE HIS FELLOW · SLAVES Such a monument would make his– tory, to which even the grand-daugh– ters of the "Daughters" could point with ,pride. It was Frederick Douglass, whom a poet of the white race called "The Noblest Slave That Ever God Set Free", who brought Shields Green and lntroduced him to Brown a few weeks before the raid. For this ser– vice to his own race Douglas had to run away to England to avoid being arrested by Federal officers and turn– ed over to Virginia to be hanged like a dog with Brown and his heroes. These "Daughters" are so little of spirit as to tell the children of the south that Brown had a "criminal re– cord", - without explaining that his "crime" was his failure to obey the laws of slave-holders and his willing– ness to give even his life to the cause of freedom. A "crime" like that is no dishonor: George Washington had a "criminal record" in the eyes of the British, -and they would have bang– ed him if they had caught him. They hanged and shot many of his fellow, patriots and followers. Robert E. Lee committed a "crime" when he desert ed bis command, joined those in re· bellion and shot at the flag be had been saluting all his life. Jesus of Nazareth got "a criminal record" be fore Roman law, -and is quite well spoken of in "the four gospels". But the worst surprise of all is tha the white president of a Negro school should be so weak in his desire to please his southern friends and so contemptuous of the people he is trx· ing to "uplift", as to join these "Dau– ghters" in this historic slander and gratuitous insult by delivering a "we!· come address" on the occasion of their monumental nonsense. We would not ask that he help us to re· sent this insult by attacking the per· petratl•m. The head of no school in the south would hardly dare that. But he could have dignifiedly and quietly refused, and no one need ever have heard that the "Daughters" had so little res,pect for him as to invite him to do such a thing. People are conscious of having done a great wrong when they keep on trying to justify themselves, by pretending that they think they were right: southerners betray their guilty consciences by perpetually yelling and gesticulating about "black mam– mies", "Uncle Remuses", ''good Ne· groes" and "our darkies". But if the American Negroes will go on forgetting or ignoring their own heroes, this slaveholdlng spirit will continue to single out and hold up Negro weaklings and traitors. Ne– groes know too little about Frederick Douglass, have almost forgotten that Shields Green ever Uved and died, and are not teaching their children anything about either of these men. The only honor which I can recall as having been paid to Green was given him by Jesse Max Barber, founder of John Brown Memorial Association, of Philadelphia, who has named one of the branches of his association "'£he Shields Green Chapter". Most other Negroes will hear the name Shields Green for the first time in this little editorial slap which we are handing the "Daughters". (By LANGSTON HUGHES) If the nine Scottsboro boys die, the Laugston Hughes, who wrote the rouow1ug :~rt,cie, 1s Amenca s 1eadrng !\egro noveust and one ot Americas Oest poets. .tie i~ a member ot tlltl i\jat1011ai L:omm1uee for tile lJetense or t'ollt1ca1 .l:'risoiiers wiuch i~ cool)· eratmg witb tne lnternauonai Laoor LJetense in its tight to sav~ tile urne .:i.cottsooro boys nom legal Jynciupg. i ogetner wnu him ou tl11s co1Um1ttee are '1 neodore LJl'eiser, Lmcom ::;ceF ,ens, .J:.,<1na bt. Ylllceut J\iIUay, Jnoy<t veu, Joun Vos i'assos an<! otner ot America·s most prommt:ut 11t<:,rary r1gures. South ought to be ashamed or 1tselt-. out tne twtl1ve U11uwn ,,.,gl'oes 1 n A· mtirica ougnt to oe lllWtl asualll· ea tuan tue soutn.•l,ay!Je 11·s ai;amst me 1aw to prrnt tile transc!'1,1J,ll u, tr1ait1 1n a ctate coun. u nut, tlVery l~egro paper 1n tm,i country oug1H to 1mme<11ateiy l)uonsn tile otucJai recoras 01 tn" ;:,cousooru casui; l!O tnat l.loth wn,tes u.na uiaclis lll•Silt St:,e at a glauce to wnat uusunt Hu:c– es au A1aua1Ua court can <1t:sce11a. \ ur l!ilOUid i i;ay an A1Ue,r1can cuun "! J ·1 Oe nine boy::; m .Kuoy l'n"ou are Aruencans. '.1 wetv~· lllHuou .1..,._cg1·uwi:t are Amencanl!, too. ill" Juui;., au tile Jury at ::;co"sooro, uuu u1t, i,;uv– ernor ui: AiaOallla, aru .~uncans, 1·ueretore, tor tutl Halie ut il.J.llt'1' 1can Jusuce, \IL tu1;re JS any J, unu w,· tlltl nunur o, boutnurn ;;cnuemt:u \Jt tuen; ev"r were auy J, 1.tlt tue l:iOUtll rise up in .Pr.,bs auu 1>u1111t, now.. IUlU ~cnoo1, ::;euattl c11a1Uue1·11 1u1u Howry v!UOII, anu l)CtlLIUU tlltl U'eeuo111 ot or Lile <!Ulllll OIUCJU!, 110 1nw11crtlet 1U1 t0 travtiJ, uuw1tuug1y, ou tue 11a11u, il'tllgllt tnllU ,, ILll LWO W lllLtl .Pl'OIIU· Lute11. ,u,d et the son11ible citizei1111 ot Ala– !Ja11.1a lli Ll.11,r., are ..uyJ, bup.1,1,y l!CUOO/s 101' tilt! lJIU<:.K ,LJl>,LJUH41:0 Ul tllun· 11t.attJ, .auu wr Lil" 1.1au-u1uu, too · · Lile 11111,atto chuun,a 01 Wtl i:>UUtheru g.,uuclJIOU i l'UCKOll tni:y ru 8tlllutJll.leuJ, 110 thti 1,1:gJ'Ut:II wou L OtJ 110 UUUlO agaw. Yet why should we blame these people for this undesirable attitude? They are not all Negroes. We have no such thing as a Negro race In A· merica. What 111 a Negro? Alabama, Kentucky, Maryland, MlssissiJppi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Tex– as once designated a person of color as one who Is descended from a Ne· gro to the third generation Inclusive, though one ancestor In each genera.– tlon may have been white. Later Al· abama changed "fifth" for "third" generVon. According to the laws of Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Missouri, and South Carolina, a person of col· or ws one with one-eighth Negro blo,:,d. In Nebraska, Ore11on, Virgin· ia, and Michigan, one must have one– fourth Negro blood to be thus class– ified. These laws by amendment and interpretation, however, have come to mean that a man becomes a mem– ber of the so-called Negro race as soon as it is known that he has a visible trace of African blood. By race admixture, then, one may go in· to the "Negro Race," but by the same process he goes out of the "white race." being too emotionally religious, but b Y the National Urban League the race problem, even rem?tel:i;: In· the Negroes' reli<Ylon and their me· through its Department of Industrial 'troduced. The ch~rac~ers m The ,,. Relations: !Phantom Tre_asure ar~ Negroes but..---------------------------------- thod of giving expreslon to their e· no problem l.'3 :,resented othPr than motions were taken. ov..r from these The old adage that is an illwind that a plot based ·upon the Negroes' tradi· HOLD' UP NIGHT WORKER other "races" with which they have blows nobody good 1s illustrated by tlonal superstition. .t>UL oai;..: to u1<, uarK miHion11 .. llJuc.i. auu Oau-01acli, urowu 11uu ye!· ,ow, wuu a guug 01 i.nue 10,·tl·.LJai·· t:llLII .. w,e Ille. J..ot!t tllese LWCJV\l lllll· ,iuu .1:'<ei,,n, .tUUencaus ra111ei 11ucn a. uuwl tllUL tile, UOOfl:l Oi .l\.uuy .l:'l'IIIOll ana.Kc unul tile um., you11gsttll'II come UUt \auu I uo,n ~ II, .l,IOUW llUWI, lllt.utl,·J. .dna let 148 mui-owuen u, nUUC!!Vllle SLO~ pqmg :wom1111 WQII&• t:rs too 11u,e 1pr tnew to unor11 Ultl ,Lll'ICO Ut a Ll'UIU uc1te, to I.JlaUUOO. ga. JJcar Lora, 1 never kD.11w WlUl now wnt wn1te laQ1e11 (Lile color ot Some one, then, In answering this question as to what is a Negro, said impatiently that a Negro is any one who hs to ride in a Jim Crow car in Georgia. Another probably gave a better definition when he said that a Negro is anything which the white man does not care to take along with him, for that is just about the de– scription of what we call a "Negro" in the United States. Not long ago when called on as the last speaker at an inter-racial meeting where memQ!l_rS of all so-call– ed races spoke, I told them that they did not need this number of persons to represent these elements, for I have in my veins the blood of practi– cally all of them, and in the case of about a third or fourth of the "Ne– groes" there Is less African blood than that of other "races". A consid· come in contact. On account of ad- several innovations that have brought Although "Shades and Shadows" is vancement in education most of the jobs to Negroes as result of the busi- strictly Imaginative it contains thru– others have edeveloped out of such ness depression. The necessity of out an excellent moral lesson ~nd no religious practices in which the "Ne· keeping plants running. is. of greater on; can read the book without paus– groes" In their unenlightened condi- moment than race preJud1ce and so ing .to deliberate upon the unjustness tlon still find enjoyment, but they Negroes have ~een. empl?yed by tele· of tyrannical rule, class or racial are merely doing what they were phone compames . m Rtehmond a~d hatred, unmerited superiority, etc., taught to do by those whom they Los Angeles an~ m New York cham that Edmonds so delicately, but con- have imitated in America. store <;oroporat10ns have employ~d vincing!y, portrays in his writing. This situation, then, ,presents a their first Negro worlrers. In Mil- Written and described in dramatic serious problem. Neither the whites waukee two public schiils have gone form adds a touch of realism that nor the so-called Negroes ever think to work and two eligible policemen brings many a thrill and exciting about it. They boast of knowing very await assigment. moment to the reader of Edmond's much about this "race", but the fact But these innovations for the white first book "Shades and Shadows". is that they have not even begun to collar worker, while comforting, are ' study it; and, therefore, so far as few compared with the large number ------------ this question is concerned, they have of jobs lost by the laboring group not gone along iu all but pe11'.ect ignor- because operations were curtailed or ance of a problem which must be working force cut, but to make room scientifically studied before the up- for workers of another race. In Har– lift of these people becomes possi· 1 rlsburgb one of the largest hotels ble. now uses white waitresses instead of Some of us would do well to read Negro waiters, some of whom had gl– E. A. Hooton's new book, "Up from ven as much as fifteen years' service. the Ape", in which he treats the Ne- Department stores in Columbus, gro along with others as a product Ohio are reported to have replaced of race admixture. In his chapter on colored porters with white, and rail· "Who's Who of the Race11", he says roads in the North West have taken that when races come Into contact off dining and Pullman cars, thus In St. Louis, Buffalo, and Wilmington, Del.-in normal times outstanding pla– ces of employment for Negro workers· are employing considerably fewer I numbet·s of workers. When management changed In an automobile agency in Seattle three Negroes were released, one of whom had seen five and one half years' ser– vice with the company. The new manager brought in his crew of work– ers, among whom were no Negroes. with one another they may some- throwing idle emy!oyees on the c. H. Howe of 351 Williams Ave. times fight, but they always Inter· streets In Mlnneauolis and St. Paul. left Tuesday night for Kansas City, breed. This is the way we have got In Fort Wayne, fm:emen inform Ne- Mo. to pass ten days with his mother where we are today. gor applicants they "cannot hire col- .who resides in that city. Mr. Howe --------------------------------- ored men just now." Pullman shope ;is popular 1n railroad circles. Garvey to Geneva Geneva, Oct. 29- (CNS)-Marcus Garvey, colorful West Indian leader, who was deported to Jamaica by U– nited States immigration authorities some time ago, appeared btfore the League of Nations officials here last week to present claims of the darker races throughout the world. Garvey styled himself "Commissioner to Eu– rope representing the Black Peoples of the World" when he appeared here. He called on Sir Eric Drummond, the League's Secretary General, and conferred with officials of the man– date section concerning the petition of the Universal Negro Improvement . , .......... - .. Association and the African Commu· nities of the League for action on be· half of "the struggling and oppress– ed black people", which he Bubmitted to the League in 1928. Assured that the League had the petition under consideration and that it would come under the agenda next year, Garvey left for London, from where he will sail early In November for Jamaica, where he has resided since his expulsion from the United States. He stated that a convention of Negroes would be called in Jamal– ca early next year to name a delega– tion to represent them at the League. We Sell For Less Because We Sell for Cash COMPLETE NEW STOCKS OF QUALITY MERCHANDISE FOR THE HOME AND PERSONAL SERVICE ( < HARMISITCE.. -~BALL!. Sgt.Jos.WhiteCamp S-A War Vets will entertain at ELKS HALL WED. 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JJ1a you, world"! ••• laundry at Mervine and Oxford Sts., Alla woo ovu1· ileuru ot ral)illg a reported to the vollce that he was i;ru11t1tute? while working in the basement of the held up Friday night, and robbed I plant. . ~=-' '''"'''"'''''"'''"'''"'""''''"""'"'""'""'"""'"'""" Proprietors SA Up-to-the-Minute Modes Prepared Especially for This Newspaper C)EXCELLA A NEW PERIOD GOWN This is a modern version of a period gown and one which makes a charm– ing evening frock for a very young girl or a stunning tea-go= for the young hostess. The puffed sleeves, fitted bodice and the simple shirring that confines the skirt fulness at the waist, are features that are easily cut and sewn by the home dressmaker. This .,eiihp!iJlty -1<:es the design an ideal"'3ne for the~r 'ch ics. for afternoon, it is lovely !vet m one of the new grape or wine sha In metallic • embroidered sheer , it makes a charming dinner gown. Taffeta is its expression for evening. Excella Pattern No. 3589. 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